Immaturity of the hip joint in newborns: causes, symptoms, gymnastics

The greatest joy for all couples is the birth of a child. But the happy moments of the first days of a baby's life can be overshadowed after a visit to the orthopedist. It is on the admission of a specialist that parents first learn about such a pathology as the immaturity of the hip joint in newborns. Often, the doctor mentions dysplasia. Such a verdict can frighten everyone without exception. Should he really be afraid?

Immaturity of pelvic bones and dysplasia: what is the difference

Under the immaturity of pelvic bones is understood their slow development, and dysplasia is initially an incorrect formation of the joint. These two states are often confused. Until recently, both pathologies were united under one term "dysplasia". Today there is a tendency to differentiate concepts, which in itself is already good. Correctly formulated diagnosis allows you to choose the most competent treatment, if it is required.

When it comes to infants, the term "dysplasia" should be understood as the immaturity of the hip joint.

In newborns, this pathology is considered physiological, so it does not need serious treatment. However, you should not completely ignore this problem. Timely detection of a violation and its correct correction allow to avoid complications in the future.

The main causes of pathology

There are several factors, the presence of which determines the risk group for the development of this pathology. Before talking about them, it is necessary to explain how and why immaturity of the hip joint occurs in newborns. At present, science offers several theories about the etiology of the disease. One of them should be considered in more detail.

For some time before the forthcoming births, the female body begins to intensively produce the hormone relaxin. Its main purpose is softening the femoral-sacral joints of a future mother. He also makes the pelvic bones of a woman more mobile. However, relaxin does not work selectively-by affecting the bones of the mother, it also softens them in the fetus.

If a woman has well-formed ligaments, she does not risk getting a dislocation during or after childbirth. As for the child who was born, the situation is different. The soft head of the thigh can fly out of the joint cavity without having a chance to come back. According to statistical data, in 25% of newborns, doctors diagnose the immaturity of pelvic bones.

As a rule, the joints are restored on their own. But if they do not come to anatomical rate, a minor correction of the problem is required.

Among the factors contributing to the emergence of immaturity of the hip joints in newborns, it is possible to attribute:

• First birth;
• Very large fruit ;
• The birth of a girl;
• Pelvic presentation;
• Hereditary predisposition.

Grudnichkov, a member of the risk group, immediately after birth, is registered with an orthopedist and begins correction of the disorder.

Symptoms of immaturity of the hip joints of newborns

All the symptoms of the pathological process can be divided into two conditional groups. The first are the signs that only an experienced doctor can diagnose, and the second one is available for parents' understanding. To draw conclusions about the presence of an ailment solely on external deviations is erroneous. However, parents should visit an orthopedic surgeons if they have the following symptoms:

1. Asymmetry of inguinal, femoral and gluteal folds.
2. The knees are at different heights. If you put the child on his back, straighten his legs and bend at the knees, the latter should be about the same level. Otherwise, you should think about the presence of pathology.
3. Different amplitude of joints. The child must be put on his back and bend his legs in his lap. Normally, in newborn children, limbs have high flexibility, so you do not need to exert effort. If the amplitude of one thigh is significantly different from the other, it is urgent to show the child to the doctor.

Timely identified immaturity of the hip joints of the newborn increases the chances for a quick recovery of the baby.

To what doctor to address?

Finding one or all of the signs of a disease does not mean that the child has health problems. On the other hand, lubricated symptoms are not a guarantee of the lack of immaturity of pelvic bones. After all, pathology can also be bilateral. In this case, the asymmetry of inguinal or gluteal folds should not be present.

From all of the above, it can be concluded that with any suspicion, it is necessary to contact a pediatric orthopedist who will diagnose:

1. It starts with a questioning of the mother. The doctor should know how the pregnancy went, whether there were complications, whether there is a genetic predisposition to the ailment.
2. Ultrasound of the extremities. This method is completely safe for health, but at the same time is characterized by high informativeness. With his help, the doctor can tell exactly, if the baby has immaturity of the hip joint.

In newborns, the size of the ossification nucleus is measured during ultrasound. This indicator should correspond to the age of the patient. Even a slight deviation from the norm may indicate a pathological process.

Correction violations

The physiological immaturity of the hip joints in newborns is not a reason to fall into despair. Such a diagnosis is not deadly, but you do not need to neglect it either. At early stages, pathology can be perfectly adjusted. To stimulate the proper development of joints use special tires. However, this method of therapy is not suitable for children who are already 6 months old.

Without fail, small patients are prescribed vitamins. The duration of the course, the specific remedy and its dosage is determined by the doctor. Treatment of pathology is also impossible to imagine without special massage and physiotherapy procedures. If in the first case, specialists can not do without qualified help, then paraffin-based applications can be performed at home. How to properly and without damage to the health of the child to do the procedure, the doctor should tell.

Physiotherapy

What other methods of treatment are used in the diagnosis of "immaturity of the hip joint in newborns"? Gymnastics is an integral part of correction of limb development. The therapeutic complex is selected individually, but usually it consists of the following exercises:

• "a bike";
• Rotational movements of the legs;
• Dilution and reduction of legs in the hip joint.

Such exercises are recommended to be repeated every time you change a diaper. In this case, the child should be laid on a flat surface. A bed or a soft sofa for these purposes is not suitable.

Gymnastics with immaturity of the hip joints in a newborn does not require special skills. However, it will still be better if the orthopedist will show how to do the exercises correctly.

Wide swaddling

Many parents have probably heard about the method of wide swaddling. In fact, only some of them know what it is. Wide swaddling is used to treat and prevent the immaturity of pelvic bones, but it is performed as follows:

1. It is necessary to fold the usual fabric diaper with a triangle, pointing its base downwards.
2. The baby can wear a diaper.
3. The child should be put on a prepared diaper, bending his legs about 80 degrees.
4. After that, the ends of the tissue should be wrapped around the extremities of the newborn, and the base of the triangle is fixed on the abdomen.

This position of the "frog", despite the complexity of swaddling, is very convenient and useful for the baby.

Preventive measures

How can we prevent the immaturity of the hip joints in newborns? Treatment and correction of this pathology require a lot of time. If you do not notice the problem in the first weeks of your baby's life, you can face negative consequences. That is why many parents are interested in the issue of preventing the immaturity of pelvic bones.

To reduce the risk of developing pathology helps the correct course of pregnancy. First of all, it is necessary to exclude the effect of negative factors on the fetus. A balanced diet of the mother also plays an important role in the prevention of the disease. And if she has an increase in the tone of the uterus, it is important to take measures to eliminate it. Medicines are prescribed for these purposes.

What kind of drug to use, the gynecologist decides. Self-medication can not be done. In addition, it is advisable to check the development of the hip joint of the baby still in the hospital. If a pathology is found, you should immediately start to treat it, and the baby will be healthy.