Ideological diversity: a general characteristic. Constitutional principles of ideological diversity

Ideological diversity is a concept considered by the Constitution of the Russian Federation and regulated in our country by legal norms and laws.

The basis of the current order

Studying the Constitution, you can see that already in the first chapter, listed all the fundamental legal standards that are significant for our country. Further regulation occurs, focusing on this base. At the same time, the rights and freedoms of a citizen are placed in the forefront. Also, the first chapter of the Constitution is devoted to declaring the power of the people, declaring the economic space one. There are certain clarifications about self-government on the ground, property. We consider ideological diversity, multi-party system, distribution of power along the hierarchical ladder.

The constitutional system assumes that there are some values of society, states recognized as basic. All of them must be observed unconditionally. There are no exceptions, the regulations apply to individuals and are united by some kind of group.

The basis of peace and prosperity

Constitutional norms can be compared with the skeleton, on the basis of which legal regulation is being built in the state. This framework is subject to all legal branches. All legal acts of the country must comply with the Constitution and be devoted to a detailed disclosure of the main provisions. The principle of ideological diversity is not an exception.

The Constitution declares the relationship between man and the state. In fact, it is the basis of the legal status of an individual citizen. The consolidation of the ideological diversity of the Russian Federation in this most important legal act was an obvious proof that the country had abandoned socialism in the past. If we turn to the previous Constitution (adopted in 1977 in the Soviet Union), we can see that the basic document declared a mono-ideology, namely, scientific communism. The country was under the control of the Communist Party, was forced to obey the teachings of Marx and Lenin in everything.

Freedom is important

How important is the importance of ideological diversity in Russia, you can understand, even if you just look around. The society includes an abundance of groups formed on the basis of confessions, political views, social aspects. Their interests overlap, but not always. Human values are recognized as groupings, rejected by others in whole or in part. All this diversity of worldviews was concentrated in the Constitution, and the right to one's own point of view was declared through the principle of ideological diversity in the Russian Federation.

Ideological postulates in the country are based on numerous concepts relevant to modern society. This is the rights of an individual, and the democratic structure of society, as well as local self-government, market economy.

Theory and practice

The current Constitution was adopted in 1993. This period was sufficient to sum up certain statistics, and already today many scientists, sociologists, and politicians agree that the principles of ideological and political diversity proved to be much less effective than it was intended.

Initially, the idea was that it is through diversity, a large number of parties can set the guidelines for the development of society. It was assumed that if there was a deviation from the set course, the country would be in a stalemate, which would affect not only the political aspects, but also the economy, the social sphere and other public systems.

Searches for the guilty

At the same time, we must admit that it was supposed to be only a certain group of people. текст Конституции напрямую такого ориентира не содержит. The text of the Constitution does not directly direct such a guideline. Therefore, it is incorrect to say that the basic legal document is guilty of the country's inadequate development.

Of course, the Constitution declares ideological and political diversity, but the actual implementation of this document is assigned to various state institutions. Responsibility is borne by executive, legislative bodies, including management on places in regions. But one can not deny the fact that the constitutional foundations of ideological diversity are one of the tools for uniting the society into a single whole. That is, without the ideology of the development of the state. Many experts agree that under the current state of things, the normal development of the country is further impossible precisely because of the lack of unity in society.

Ideology: is there or not?

If the country adopts the constitutional principles of ideological diversity, there is no unambiguous ideology dictated by the authorities, this is not a reason to talk about the absence of an ideological struggle as such. In fact, the Constitution simply declares that the authorities can not support a specific ideology and impose it on citizens.

Some scientists are convinced that the effective development of ideological and political diversity will eventually lead to the formation of an ideological concept. Its distinctive feature will be the consideration of the interests of all nationalities of the state. It is assumed that such development will help to integrate the people's forces, thanks to which the tasks that are important for the society as a whole will be more effectively addressed.

Theoretical aspects

Ideological diversity has three significant aspects:

• The basis of the right declared in the Constitution;
• The principle of law;
• Institute of law.

Ideology includes concepts, theories, ideas, formed by a team or an individual. They are formed in the most diverse spheres of social interaction, such as politics, religion, culture, society, economy. That is, in fact, ideological diversity - a qualitative description of life in the context of the society, the state. Ideologies can be formed freely, they enter into competition with one another and divide, developing.

Being free is an inalienable right

This is exactly what the Constitution says in our country. From the most important legal act it follows that every citizen has the right to think, say what he thinks is right, true. In addition, ideological diversity implies freedom of the media.

It is impossible to forbid a person to think the way he thinks is right. If a certain citizen has found an ideology for himself that seems to him to be the most fair, accurate, correct, no one from outside can tell him that this is an erroneous decision. But it is not necessary to join the already existing ideology, you can create your own unique postulates that reflect an individual view of the world, your own position. This is how various theories appeared. Some of them were soon forgotten, and others turned the life on the planet upside down.

Freedom of thought and freedom of speech

The main distinguishing features of these two freedoms are legal regulation. What a person says, is to some extent controlled by laws, authority, the state. What a man thinks, is subject only to him.

Freedom of thought is given to people by nature, this is a natural right and a property conditioned by the characteristics of the individual. Freedom of thought is directly related to the attitude of an individual to events, objects, etc., surrounding him. A person can formulate his own convictions, which he will adhere to. The process takes place inside, it is closely connected with personality, mentality, upbringing, education. Many people, using freedom of thought, do not show their beliefs to anyone at all, but even more than those who seek to express their own attitude to an object and share it with others in order to find supporters of their position. Here, freedom of speech becomes an actual concept, which ideally is for every citizen. This means that a person has the right to formulate his thoughts, pronounce them, record them.

Freedom and power

From the Constitution it follows that the authorities do not have the right to interfere in the process of forming beliefs, opinions of individuals. Moreover, the state is obliged to protect the citizen's right to form his position. Violence, dictatorship, control by the powers that be with respect to citizens are unacceptable phenomena.

Freedom of speech in our country is guaranteed by the provisions of the Constitution. It follows from the main normative-legal act that every individual has the right to express his position on a certain issue. Such standards have been included, as international standards on the observance of human rights require it. At the same time, many say that the freedoms of thought and words are closely related and represent a single whole. Any person should be able to think as he sees fit, and express their thoughts, sharing them with others. It is unacceptable that freedom of thought, freedom of speech, provoke persecution by other people, and by power.

Media and ideology

The media is one of the most important tools for shaping ideology in the society. It is through the media that you can convey to people the idea of democracy and the "right" worldview. Therefore, freedom of speech and freedom of the media go to one of the first places in a society striving for real freedom.

The media is a method of ideologically orienting a citizen, one of the ways to socialize an individual. They are indispensable in a democratic society, as they provide an influx of fresh information about what is happening around - positive and negative events. But information is not the only thing an individual receives through the media. They give an idea of the different ideologies. In conditions of the ideological diversity declared by the laws, it is possible to convey to the people all the abundance of different positions, but it is also possible to carry out campaigns in favor of a specific (usually the most beneficial for the authorities) direction. Through the media, ideally, a free competition of opinions can be achieved, for which citizens are given access to information.

We impose a point of view: or is it still impossible?

So, theoretically, through the media, it is possible to propagandize one or another ideology that is beneficial for managers who keep the country under control. But this issue is exceptionally subtle: of course, the ruling party is interested in promoting its ideology, but according to the law, it does not have the right to commit such acts. From the Constitution it follows that in our country it is impossible to call an obligatory ideology or to choose one and designate it as state one.

In fact, the above-mentioned ban applies to all officials and politicians, including the President. The "games" for the executive and legislative bodies are also inadmissible. Even individuals can not impose some ideology on others if they want to. Through such a ban, it was possible to limit the power of state institutions and the state as such.

Ideology and limitations

When people talk about the inadmissibility of imposing ideology on other people, they consider a variety of legal subjects. For example, the church also has no right to declare an obligatory ideology. Religion is not the only sphere of social life protected by law. Similarly, the rule of law protects the independence of education, culture - all areas of social life.

Ideological diversity is accompanied by a multi-party system, since it declares political pluralism. Citizens have the right to unite in groups, calling to themselves all those who have similar interests, worldview. Social, political orientation is an important basis for interactions in society. At the same time, it must be remembered that political parties are important for a democratic society and must necessarily exist in the state in order to preserve the chosen legal form, that is, the Constitution was observed.