Hypothalamic syndrome of the pubertal period: causes, symptoms and features of treatment

Unfortunately, the process of growing up does not always pass unnoticed. In some cases, due to hormonal leaps, many unpleasant symptoms and diseases may appear. One of them is the hypothalamic syndrome of the pubertal period (GSPP).

Let's consider in more detail the basic information about the disease.

What is the hypothalamic syndrome of puberty?

It is a set of various symptoms, the appearance of which was provoked by the disturbances of the hormone-exchange functions of the body as a result of the defeat of the hypothalamus and adrenal glands.

In this case, the hypothalamic syndrome of the pubertal period in girls occurs more often approximately 10 times than in boys.

In the medical literature there are many other names of this disease: pubertal youthful basilism, pubertal basophilism, diencephalic syndrome of puberty and adolescence, dyspitutirism of puberty, juvenile dyspituitarism, puberty basophilism syndrome.

Symptomatics and diagnosis of the disease

Hypothalamic pubertal syndrome can be accompanied by a variety of specific symptoms. In this case, they are observed in one or simultaneously in several systems of the body.

So, what are the signs that characterize the hypothalamic puberty syndrome?

1. From the side of metabolic processes. Patients are concerned about constant thirst and a marked increase in appetite. During the examination, the specialist observes the uniform deposition of fat in the shoulder, neck, hip, waist. In this case, the face becomes rounded and has a pathological blush.
2. From the nervous system and the psyche. Patients complain of frequent dizziness, headaches, worsening of memory and sleep, fast fatigue, depression, irritability, tearfulness. Objective study determines the different size of the pupils, as well as the deviation of the tongue away from the horizontal line, the asymmetry of the reflexes, nasolabial folds and eye cracks, horizontal nystagmus.
3. From the cardiovascular system and blood pressure. The disease is accompanied by a decrease. In 55-75 percent of cases, the pressure is asymmetric, labile, and there may be hypertension. In addition, it is possible to disrupt the rhythm of the second tone over the aorta, intracranial hypertension, increase the level of secretion in the blood of cortisol and aldosterone, angiopathy of the retina.
4. On the part of the reproductive system. Failures can be observed in the form of disorders of the menstrual cycle, uterine bleeding. The doctor also conducts an objective study. Young people who have a hypothalamic syndrome of the puberty period, look a little older than their age. At the same time, their puberty occurs 1-2 years faster in comparison with their peers. In boys, the face acquires a female type, on it hair grows very poorly even after the period of puberty. Possible development of gynecomastia. With all this, the size of the penis, scrotum and testicles fully correspond to the age and reach the final development by 15 years. As for girls, they have early formation of secondary sexual characteristics. Failures usually begin after some time (up to five years) after the start of the first menstrual cycle. They are manifested in the form of amenorrhea, uterine bleeding, very painful menstruation, hypomenstrual syndrome. Possible enlargement of the ovaries.
5. From the skin. The patient complains of dry skin and the violation of their integrity (stretch marks) in the abdomen, shoulders, hips, mammary glands, as well as excessive hair. During the external examination, the doctor additionally observes the marble-cyanotic color of the skin and the presence of thickening of the stratum corneum in the area of the shoulders, elbows, and also in the places of friction of clothing. In addition, the skin is cold to the touch, especially in the area of the thighs and buttocks. There are striae of pink or red color and excessive amount of hair.

In addition to all this, there is an increase in the thyroid gland.

Causes of the appearance of the disease

To establish the exact cause of the onset of such a disease as the hypothalamic syndrome of puberty, scientists have so far failed. It is only known that several factors can contribute to this process, such as frequent infectious diseases in childhood, or the presence of a hereditary predisposition, and the transmitted birth trauma.

The pathogenesis of hormonal disease

Hypothalamic syndrome of the pubertal period can arise as a result of hereditary or non-hereditary factors.

In the first case, the carriers of the adiosis genotype pass from generation to generation cells that are able to accumulate fat in them, changing the intestinal mucosa. Patients with this type of disease have a hyperliposintetic orientation of metabolic processes and increased absorption in the intestine, as well as enzyme defects.

In the second case, namely, in the presence of non-hereditary factors, the hypothalamus nuclei or the disturbances in the interaction of the pituitary and gonadotropic hormones occur.

Classification

Based on various indicators, the hypothalamic syndrome of the pubertal period can be divided into species.

Depending on the nature of the course of the disease:

• stable;
• regressive;
• progressive;
• Recurrent.

Depending on the clinical course:

• With prevalence of neurocircular disorders;
• With predominance of hirsutism;
• With a predominance of obesity;
• mixed.

Depending on the degree of severity:

• heavy;
• average;
• easy.

Depending on the form:

• Vegetative-visceral;
• Nervously trophic;
• Hypothalamic epilepsy;
• Vegetative-vascular;
• Neuromuscular;
• Psychosthenic, pseudo-gastritis;
• Disturbance of working capacity and sleep;
• Thermoregulation disorders ;
• Neuroendocrine.

Who should I contact for help?

Who will help to eliminate such a disease, as the hypothalamic syndrome of the pubertal period? Testimonials of those who encounter this problem suggest that you need to contact several doctors at once. This is an endocrinologist, pediatrician, otolaryngologist, neuropathologist, and for girls additionally a gynecologist.

At the same time, the doctor's observation is mandatory, since the disease is characterized by a sharp deterioration of the state during stressful situations and in the absence of the necessary therapy.

Hypothalamic syndrome of the pubertal period: methods of treatment

Getting rid of the disease includes taking pharmaceuticals, adherence to a specially developed diet and exercise. At the same time for a successful recovery it is important to clearly observe all the doctor's instructions. For greater convenience, consider each of the different types of therapy separately.

Medication

What drugs will help get rid of such a disease as the hypothalamic syndrome of the puberty period? Treatment involves combining several types of therapy to eliminate all of its symptoms.

1. Lipotropic preparations.
2. Hypotensive therapy.
3. Sedatives.
4. Assertive therapy.
5. Anorexic drugs (Orlistat, Meridia).
6. Means for improving blood microcirculation (Cavinton, Stugeron, Cinnarizin).
7. Preparations for improving the nutrition of cell structures ("Cerebrolysin", "Nootropil").
8. Dehydration therapy (Furosemide, Magnesium Sulphate, Voroshpiron).

Diet and exercise

First of all, it is important to review the diet. It is necessary to cancel numerous snacks, avoid overeating. It is important to remove from the teenager's menu all high-calorie foods, such as fatty meat, chocolate, ice cream, fast food and so on.

Treatment provides compliance with diet number 8. It includes a decrease in the caloric content of foods due to carbohydrates and partially fat. It is also planned to introduce vitamins C, E, A into the ration and carry out unloading days.

Physical activity is aimed at reducing the amount of fat mass. It should include the holding of morning exercises with the use of special exercises, outdoor games, sports, water procedures, evening walks.

Forecast for the future

As statistics show, the complete disposal of the disease occurs in 20-40% of cases.

In 20 percent of patients, progression of the disease is observed.

The rest remains a latent form of the disease, which is characterized by the occurrence of relapses. Those, in turn, can lead to the development of hypertension, diabetes, infertility, complications during childbirth, hypothalamic syndrome of the neuroendocrine form, secondary sclerokistoza ovaries.

Prevention

The main ways to prevent the appearance of the hypothalamic syndrome of the pubertal period are adherence to adolescents' healthy lifestyle and adherence to the rules of rational nutrition. It is important to have physical activities and frequent walks in the fresh air.

In addition, it is necessary to carry out the sanation of chronic foci of infection.

Be healthy!