Diencephalic Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms and Methods of Treatment

Under the name "diencephalic syndrome" unite a number of disorders that are characterized by damage to the hypothalamic region. It should be noted that the hypothalamus is a vital part of the brain, which, in one way or another, affects all organs and systems of the body through the secretion of neurohormones. That is why dysfunction or damage to this area affects the functioning of the nervous system and visceral organs.

Diencephalic syndrome and its causes. In fact, there are a lot of reasons for the development of such a disease. In most cases, violations occur after severe closed head trauma. In addition, the vessels that deliver blood to this area of the brain easily pass large macromolecules, so it is the hypothalamus that most often suffers from a viral or bacterial infection.

Diencephalic syndrome: symptoms and modern classification . The defeat of the hypothalamic-pituitary system has a huge number of manifestations. That is why diencephalic syndromes are usually classified according to the symptoms.

- Neuroendocrine diencephalic syndrome is a disorder that is expressed in violation of the activity of the endocrine glands. The causes are primarily infections and head injuries. That is why various metabolic disorders, for example, obesity, hyperthyroidism, edema or diabetes insipidus, develop. In addition, sick people complain of headache, insomnia, headaches, bouts of hysteria and constant nervousness. There is also a violation of the function of the reproductive system, resulting in the appearance of impotence, a violation of the monthly cycle, as well as heterosexuality.

- Neuromuscular diencephalic syndrome - a disease that is directly related to a malfunction of the muscular system. Such a disease causes myopathy and paroxysmal paralysis, which appears periodically.

- Vegetative-vascular syndrome is a disorder caused in most cases by a transferred infectious disease, for example, influenza, angina, rheumatism or malaria. It is also interesting that such a disease is most often diagnosed among women aged 30 to 40 years. This syndrome is accompanied by fluctuations in blood pressure, rapidity and slowing of the pulse, difficulty breathing, and sometimes pain in the solar plexus. As a rule, the disease occurs with severe crises, which are individual in each patient, but the same person always has the same. The attack can last from a few minutes to several days.

- Diencephalic epilepsy is another disease that is associated with a lesion of the hypothalamic region during trauma, an infectious disease or severe hypothermia. The disease manifests cramps, during which the patient can, as completely lose consciousness, and remain with the memory.

- Neurotrophic diencephalic syndrome - a disease of the hypothalamus, which is accompanied by the appearance of severe rash or edema. It can affect not only the human skin, but also muscles, internal organs.

- The syndrome of disturbance of sleep and wakefulness is another rather rare and specific disease, which is accompanied by a violation of quality and sleep patterns, which affects the person's health and ability to work.

Diencephalic syndrome: treatment . Correct treatment can be prescribed only by a medical specialist and only after a final diagnosis. Methods of treatment depend on the cause of the disease. If the cause of everything is a tumor - then it must be removed, if possible. In addition, the patient is prescribed drugs that block or parasympathetic or sympathetic system depending on the violations.

As for preventive measures, after a head injury, a serious infection that affects the nervous system and the brain, and after hypothermia and endocrine gland diseases, it is necessary to undergo a thorough and complete examination of all organs and systems of organs.