How to check the Hall sensor? Hall sensor - photo, price, replacement

This article will tell you how to test the Hall sensor, which is used on cars VAZ 2108 and more modern. You understand that in any car you need to monitor all the parameters of the internal combustion engine in order to know what condition it is in. Among these devices, you can identify the Hall sensor, which is installed on all cars equipped with a non-contacting ignition system. Thanks to this device it was possible to get rid of the contact breaker, and at the same time to increase the output voltage of the coil, the energy of the spark, which is formed between the candle electrodes.

Sensor Operation

In the Hall sensor, a voltage change occurs at the control output during a magnetic field change. This device is very reliable, it does not require intervention from the driver during the entire service life. On vehicles with a carburetor injection system, such sensors are installed in the ignition distributor. If a failure occurs, the spark is not produced. Therefore, the engine can not be started. On the VAZ 2108, the Hall sensor is the main element of the ignition system. Injector cars also use sensors based on the Hall effect.

Breakdown: what will it lead to?

At the same time, failure of a sensor alone can easily stop the engine. On the Hall effect, the contacts are switched, as well as positioning, speed determination. With its help, the current command signals are transmitted. In its simplest form, this sensor is an analog converter, with its help make the switching of power in the ignition of the car. Also used are some sensors that operate under the influence of permanent magnets. The Hall sensor works similarly on the VAZ 2108.

Device design

Usually the Hall sensor goes in one housing with a metal core, and also a magnet. It allows to affect the semiconductor crystal. On all cars, these sensors function only with a specific control scheme. With it, the device operates in the protection mode. It turns on and off the signal. It should be noted that sensors on the Hall effect are very often used in industry. In particular, in pneumatic devices, computerized drives, video surveillance. In addition, most non-contact ignition systems are based on the operation of this particular device. Also in computer technology very often you can find devices that work on the Hall effect. In particular, they are installed in joysticks and keyboards. It is worth noting that Hall has a different cost. The price of this device for use in the ignition system of VAZ cars is about 200 rubles.

Benefits of using

From the use of a sensor on the Hall effect, many advantages can be obtained. In particular, with its help it is very easy to implement a speedometer or tachometer circuit on microcontrollers. In automotive engineering, it can significantly improve the parameters of an internal combustion engine. Consequently, the safety of transport is greatly increased. Typically, these sensors monitor the speed of the camshafts, cranked, to ensure a very fast engine start. And also using it a tachometer. The sensor is necessarily present in the construction of anti-lock systems. In some DC- powered motors, the Hall sensor is used to determine the position of the rotor. It is worth noting that the repair of electronics can significantly deteriorate if you install a sensor with different parameters.

Basic elements of the device

You should find out what kind of design the Hall sensor has to understand the principle of its operation. The design is very simple, but it depends on which application of the electronic device is on the car. Digital sensors contain a very complex compound in the semiconductor chip. In particular, very often a substance such as indium is used. This semiconductor is mounted on a substrate of aluminum and mounted in the working part of the element. The planes of the sensor and the crystal are perpendicular to each other. From the crystal there are pieces of conductors, by means of which the connection with the electronic circuit is made. Before checking the Hall sensor, you must turn it off. The semiconductor crystal is located near the magnet. And from the last lines of force are at an angle of 90 degrees. At the same time, EMF is generated in the crystal. It is worth noting such a moment as the Hall effect. It occurs when a conductor passes through a magnetic field. In this case, the magnetic field affecting the semiconductor crystal changes its direction.

Sensor Diagnostics

And now it's worth talking about how to test such a device, like a Hall sensor. A photo of this device is given in the article. It is also necessary to mention the main features that manifest themselves during the breakdown of this electrical device. For diagnostic work you will need a multimeter. It is necessary to put it into the voltage measurement mode. The range of the measured voltage must be up to 12 Volts. The output of the multimeter is connected to the signal wire. Minus - to the general. If the device does not work correctly, its mode is normal, then the voltmeter readings will vary in the range 0.4..3 Volts. If the sensor is defective, a replacement for a similar element will be required. If you do not have a multimeter, but there is a need to check the Hall sensor, you need to install a new element instead of it, which is obviously a working one. This will be much easier, however, more expensive, since the cost of such an element for some cars can be great. Here's how to test the Hall sensor, there can be several ways.

Replacement

To replace the Hall sensor on the switch, you must disconnect the cover. On cars of a classical series for this purpose two latches are established. If it is a question of front-drive VAZ cars, then the cover must be removed by unscrewing the two bolts. Next, you need to mark the position of the slider so that you do not subsequently adjust the ignition. After that, the cars of the classic series are completely removed from the trambler. To do this, unscrew the nut with a key to "13". On front-wheel drive vehicles, it is necessary to unscrew three nuts with a key for "10". Do not forget to get rid of the hose that goes to the vacuum hose to the corrector. The hammer must be knocked out. With this, the coupler for the oil reflector is fixed. Now about how the Hall sensor is being replaced.

Disassembling the sensor from the tracer

Then the washer and the coupling are removed, and the rotor of the trambler is taken from the housing. Then, the brass bolts are removed, which secure the Hall sensor housing to the movable plate. It is also necessary to remove the metal mount and the vacuum regulator. It should be noted that the latter can not be completely dismantled, but only slightly to the side, so that a free space appears. On front-wheel drive cars work is much easier. The body of the slider is removed from the latch, after which the protective screen is removed. Use a screwdriver to unscrew the Hall sensor attachment. As well as a small screw, which made the attachment of the plug to the body of the trambler. Here's how to test the Hall sensor and replace it. The work is not difficult, you can manage in a few minutes.