HBO 2 generations on the injector. Gas-cylinder equipment of the 2nd generation: device, operating principle, malfunctions

In this article, you will learn the nuances of how to install HBO 2 generations on the injector. In particular, what difficulties are expected during installation. As you know, the second generation of gas-cylinder equipment is designed to work with carburetor motors.

It does not track the parameters of the engine using a multitude of sensors. When installed on an injector motor, it will be necessary to adapt the HBO to the engine control system. In other words, you need to use those elements that are present in the 4th generation HBO. And now it's time to find out what you need for such modernization.

Basic information about the vehicle's gas-cylinder equipment

As you know, the installation of gas-cylinder equipment takes place on a car in which the main power system is gasoline or diesel. In other words, you get a two-fuel engine after installation. For the injector motors, the use of the fourth and third generation systems is actual. Also perfect for the fifth generation, but it is very expensive. Its cost is about two thousand dollars.

And the price of the gas pump, which is the main element of the system, is about half of the cost of the whole set of HBO. The cheapest is the second generation HBO, it can, if desired, be adapted to operation on an injector engine. True, it will be necessary to install an additional control unit, to adapt it to a standard ECU.

The main components of gas-cylinder equipment

And now let's look at what the standard set consists of, which is installed on cars. Gas-cylinder equipment can not work without a special choke, with which fuel is refueled. As a rule, it is installed in the rear of the car or next to the filler neck of the petrol tank. In the luggage compartment is mounted a special cylinder, which has a cylindrical or toroidal shape, depends on which set of HBO 2 generation you buy.

The latter fit perfectly into the spare wheel compartment. Also, for the normal operation of the gas-cylinder equipment system, it is necessary to install a key into which the pointer of the residue in the gas cylinder is mounted. It also has a built-in fuel switch (gas-petrol). To inject gas into the intake manifold, special electromagnetic jets are needed. They are fed under a certain pressure gas-air mixture. Through special hoses, it enters the intake manifold. But before that, it is necessary to clean the gas mixture, for which you need to use a special filter.

To regulate the pressure of the gas flowing to the injectors, a reducer-evaporator should be used. This device, which allows you to reduce the pressure in the gas cylinder, to the value necessary for the operation of electromagnetic injectors.

The principle of operation of gas-cylinder equipment

To control the engine that operates on a gas mixture, you need to use a special device. It is based on a microcontroller, which receives signals from all the sensors used in the internal combustion engine. It is also possible to use (in the case of the second generation computer modernization) electronic engine management systems that can work with two firmware. If you have a microcontroller of the family "January" 5.1 installed on your car, you can easily install a 2-generation HBO kit for an injector motor.

All the necessary sensors are already available on the engine, you only need to change the firmware of the electronic control system. To improve the economy of your entire system, and to withstand environmental standards, you need to adapt the control unit to the lambda probe. Gas, when it passes along the fuel line, is cleaned by the filter element, then enters the reducer. It connects to the internal combustion engine cooling system and functions as a gas fuel vaporizer.

In addition, it is used to adjust the fuel pressure. After the gas has lowered its pressure, it enters the nozzles. It is worth noting that HBO 2 generations on the carburetor has almost identical elements with those that are put on the injector. True, there is one difference. Gas-balloon systems of the second generation do not have such a perfect electronic filling.

Processes taking place in the system

Let us further consider what processes occur in the HBO system. Antifreeze, which is located in the reducer, gives off heat. Due to this, the gas is heated. It starts to move from liquid to gaseous form. Please note that in the gas cylinder you refuel liquid fuel, as it is under enormous pressure. Between the gearbox and the fuel rail, in which the nozzles are mounted, is a filter element for fine cleaning. And now a little about what is happening in the electronic filling.

The microcontroller receives all information from the engine sensors mounted on the car. In addition, he analyzes the information from the sensors directly to the gas-cylinder equipment system. Carrying out the full analysis, he makes the fuel management as ideal as possible. In the electronic control unit is a special fuel card, adapted to work on gas. HBO two generations on the carburetor does not have an electronic filling, for this reason it has a much higher gas consumption, and reliability is less. If you add artificial intelligence to the system, it becomes more efficient.

HBO and ignition system

Then you need to control the timing of the ignition. As you know, liquefied gas has a very large octane number, much higher than that of any other brand of gasoline. Imagine, only, the octane number of gas is in the range of 105-110. Suppose there is an engine that only works on the brand of AI-80 gasoline . If you fill it with 98-m gasoline, without making any corrections to the ignition timing, the engine will quickly fail.

First of all, exhaust valves are burnt out. Consequently, the motor power drops several times. We can say that it is because of this that many are afraid to use HBO two generations, whose price on the market is only 7-10 thousand rubles. And the reason is this. The fact is that the 98th gasoline burns much more than the 80th. Consequently, it will burn for some time in the exhaust manifold. Exactly the same story will happen if you operate the car on gas fuel, without making an adjustment of the ignition angle.

In addition, on the injector engines, this will necessarily lead to a breakdown of the catalytic converter, since the exhaust gases will have a very high temperature. From all that has been said, it can be concluded that it is necessary to compensate for the long time of combustion of gas by an earlier ignition thereof. To do this, it is necessary to increase the advance angle. If everything is done as it should, the gas-air mixture will burn only in the engine cylinder, only the burned fuel will go to the catalyst and exhaust manifold. Hence, there will be an increase in the efficiency of the motor, a reduction in gas consumption, and an increase in the useful power.

The gauge of the mass expense of air

Start a discussion of which elements should be used in the HBO system of the 2nd generation at the VAZ, from the most expensive element - the air sensor passing through the filter element to the throttle. The combustion engine control unit uses the readings of this sensor to control the operation of the injection system. Based on the data received from the DMRD, the electronic control system considers the amount of fuel that must be supplied for the correct mixture formation.

The most optimal ignition timing is also calculated. The mass flow sensor is installed only after the filter element. And more precisely, it is located between the filter and the throttle. It is here that the flow of clean air passes, which is consumed by the engine. It is worth noting that this is one of the most expensive elements of the electronic engine management and HBO 2 generation systems, the price of the DMRV is about two thousand rubles.

Device of DRM

The internal arrangement of the sensor is a small mesh, in the middle of which a platinum thread is stretched. The latter is heated to a temperature of about 700 degrees in a short time. When air passes through it, there is a slight cooling of the thread. By how many degrees the temperature of the filament has dropped in comparison with the reference value, the amount of air passing near it is measured. At the output, the value changes from 0 to 5 Volts. If there is no air consumption, the engine is muffled, then the output of the DMRV will be exactly 1 Volt. If you start the engine, air will begin to flow through the DMRV. The higher the flow rate, the greater the voltage at the sensor output.

Intake manifold pressure sensor

But the installation of HBO 2 generation on the injector motors is impossible without the connection of multiple control devices. Pressure sensors, for example, in the intake manifold, are necessary for the correct operation of the engine at various speeds. This is the basic element that is used in the control system of any engine running on gasoline. It will be necessary to adapt it to the electronic control unit of the gas equipment. It allows you to calculate the density of air, determine its consumption, hence, the process of fuel formation and fuel supply of the engine is optimized. This pressure sensor can be an excellent alternative for the air flow meter. In addition, there are ECU designs in which pressure sensors are used in conjunction with flowmeters. Without them gas cylinder equipment will not work properly.

CPAP

This is one of the elements that must necessarily be connected to the gas cylinder control system. This is an alternating resistance, allowing a change in voltage in a certain interval. The sensor is mounted directly on the throttle shaft and is rigidly connected to it. In other words, the throttle valve acts on the alternating resistance, changes the output voltage depending on what kind of effort the driver applies to the gas pedal.

Of course, prior to operation it will be necessary to adjust the HBO for 2 generations, the injector should work on a completely different fuel map than on gasoline. When the throttle is completely closed, the resistance of the sensor is maximum. But the output voltage has a minimum value. When the driver presses the gas pedal, the gradual opening of the flap starts. There is an increase in voltage and a decrease in the resistance of the sensor. When the damper is fully open, the electronic control unit receives a maximum value of 5 volts.

Please note that in some cars, TCD can be used, in which the voltage at the maximum opening of the flap is minimal. And when fully closed, it is 5 volts. The electronic control unit analyzes the speed of opening the flap and the amount of its rotation angle. Immediately, the ignition timing is corrected, as well as the increase in the amount of fuel-air mixture entering the ramp. In other words, the 2-generation HBO scheme turns out to be complex. The injector, adapted to it, further aggravates the situation.

Crankshaft Position Sensor

This device is necessary in order to synchronize the control of injection and ignition. Some call the DSCP a synchronization sensor. Someone even calls it a reference point sensor. All three names can be used, they are correct. Without it, it is impossible to install a 2-generation HBO on the injector. The output signals from this device are monitored by the engine ECU. The data obtained is used to set the required amount of fuel that is supplied to the combustion chamber. The timing of the injection is also determined. In petrol engines, the ignition timing is set.

In the event that the adjustment of the valve timing is necessary, the DPCV controls the camshaft angle of rotation. If there is an adsorber and it works, then the time of its activation is adjusted. The most popular for today are DCDV inductive form. Devices based on the Hall effect are rarely used . As you understand, it is not difficult to mount a 2-generation HBO on a VAZ, you will only need to purchase a control unit, most of the sensors are already on the engine.

Temperature sensors

The system will need to use two temperature sensors. The first is installed in the internal combustion engine block. It monitors the temperature of the antifreeze. The second one must be mounted on the case of the reducer-evaporator. Moreover, the operating principle of the temperature sensors of the reduction gear and antifreeze is completely identical. All information that comes from them, without fail, is used by the electronic control system. With its help, the main parameters of the operation of the HBO system of the 2nd generation are corrected, for the injector installed, depending on the temperature.

Lambda probe

It is nothing but an oxygen sensor. It measures the amount of oxygen in the exhaust system of the car. With its help, you can ensure the economy and environmental friendliness of your engine. It also corrects the air and fuel content of the mixture that enters the combustion chamber. And the adjustment takes place in different modes of engine operation. Of course, without it, you can mount the HBO 2 generations on the injector, if you put a special emulator. True, the party of "green" from your actions will not be delighted. Also you will lose a significant part of the engine power, reduce its efficiency, increase fuel consumption.