General heating counters for apartment buildings

The problem of central heating is that, no matter how tenants try to insulate their apartment, they can not pay for the actually used amount of heat until the house heating counters for multi-apartment buildings are installed . With the help of various energy-saving resources it is possible to increase the temperature regime in the apartment, but this will not help to reduce the amount of payment for heat supply. The role of public house heating meters, their varieties and so on will be described below.

Total house count: advantages

This mechanism is used to fix the heat coming directly to the apartment building. What virtues does he have?

• The main advantage of the house count is the financial benefit - the cost of such a device is high enough for the owner of one apartment, but when installing the device collectively the price is divided into all tenants, which, undoubtedly, is beneficial.
• General housing accounting equipment significantly increases the responsibility of everyone living for the preservation of heat in the building, which helps to reduce damage to common property, such as an unoccupied access door or a split window.

disadvantages

As well as everywhere, there are shortcomings in measuring instruments:

• The main disadvantage of a common house meter is the high cost of equipment and installation, which will have to be paid to apartment owners.
• In the process of using the meter can be out of order, in connection with which it is necessary to carry out repairs, the cost of which is also paid by the owners.
• If an apartment house heat meter is installed in an apartment building, then the owner of the apartment will not be able to save on payment by reducing the consumption of heat. Payment for used heat energy is performed depending on the area of the heated space.

Importance of accounting for consumed heat energy

From the above, it is already clear that any actions aimed at reducing the cost of heating, should begin with the account of energy costs. The norms, according to which the heat supply was paid until recently, were the same for all and operated since the times of the USSR. The principle of their elementary - the company-supplier approved a tariff rate of 1 square. M taking into account all costs and profits of the enterprise. Calculation of heating at a house-building meter in an apartment building is necessary in order to obtain information about the actual heat costs and make payments in accordance with the data provided. Having a house-building unit, it is possible to begin modernization of the house, as the improvement of thermal data will inevitably affect the heat consumption, which will be taken into account by the installations. In addition, the introduction of the node will make it possible to remove heat networks, which also had to be paid for earlier, since this was included in the tariff.

Important! Established obschedomovye counters for heating in apartment buildings give an opportunity for tenants to save from 25 to 40%.

Necessity of installation of the heat meter

The matter is that since the summer of 2012 the installation of heating meters has become mandatory throughout the territory of the Russian Federation, however, the amount of payment will become lower only after a number of activities such as:

• Quality insulation of the building.
• Full glazing at home.
• Replacement of wooden windows with metal-plastic ones.
• Warming of the facade of the house with a "coat" made of mineral wool or polystyrene.

Residents who use district heating services need to understand that regardless of whether they consider the installation of meters advantageous or not, this does not affect the need for their installation, since in accordance with Federal Law No. 261 apartment buildings must be equipped with meters in Mandatory order. This law was adopted for several reasons:

• Ensure a more accurate and fair distribution of payment amounts.
• To stimulate apartment owners to take a more economical approach to heat supply. Financial leverage is more effective than persuasion. When a person knows that an open front door or a broken glass in the entrance window will reflect on the family budget, he will be more careful about the common property of the tenants.

Now, the worries about the condition of the house and entrances fell on the shoulders of apartment owners, and not on utilities, as before.

Who installs the counter

This question can be answered only after studying the legislative acts in force in a particular state. If we talk about the territory of Russia, the installation of accounting devices is strictly mandatory, and many have a natural question about who should put a house heating meter. The organization that supplies heat to residential houses must fulfill the task, as well as their obligations to service and verify the heat meters until the tenants organize their own association of co-owners.

Important! The organization pays the bulk of the cost of the equipment and its installation, however in the future these costs will be compensated by collecting additional funds from residents for several years.

Installation of a house heating meter

You can get information about the possibility of installing meters in your management company or in a design bureau. But you need to take into account the fact that the installation of such equipment is associated with the decision of organizational moments - the owners of some apartments can refuse additional costs.

Sometimes, general house heating meters are installed for general control over the consumption of heat energy in the presence of own counters in each apartment. In this case, residents pay on the counters both in the apartment and in public places (for example, in the entrance).

Installation order

First of all, it is required to hold a meeting of tenants, where the responsible person is selected, who needs:

• Get permission from the organization supplying heat.
• Enter into an agreement with a licensed company for design work.
• Based on the project, determine the cost of the equipment and its installation.
• Collect the funds.
• Coordinate the project with the heat supply company.
• Acquire the instruments and pick up a contractor for its installation.
• Take the device to work.

Accounting Device

Regardless of the type of flowmeter units, their operation principle is similar and looks like this: an electronic calculator collects information from two sources - a flowmeter that is built into the supply pipe, and from temperature sensors. On the basis of the data obtained, the calculator calculates the heat consumed, after which the indications of a house heating meter are displayed. In the presence of more complex units, two sources and a pressure sensor are used.

The main types of counters are allocated, there are three of them:

1. Turbine (tachometric). They determine the amount of flowing heat carrier by means of the mechanical impeller contained inside the flow.
2. Ultrasound. Measurements of heat consumption are based on the rate of flow of water by ultrasound.
3. Electromagnetic. Expenditure of heat energy is determined by the changes in the magnetic field, which is formed near the measuring section.

Turbine metering devices are the most economical, but at the same time give the greatest inaccuracy. In addition, they require periodic cleaning of filters and frequent maintenance. This type of flowmeter is very sensitive to the presence of suspended solids in the coolant, it creates a hydraulic flow resistance, therefore it is used extremely rarely as general-purpose heat meters.

Ultrasonic meters are more expensive, but reliable in operation and more accurately determine the flow. The device does not require frequent maintenance, does not create resistance, but it needs a certain space (a straight section of the prescribed length before and after it). If the pipeline is not completely clean water, the measurement error increases.

Electromagnetic meters also respond to the quality of water supplied, but only slightly, do not require direct measuring areas. Such accounting devices are mainly used in multi-unit buildings as collective ones.

Connection and verification of the meter

In order to understand whether it is advantageous to install a heat meter, you need to know the exact cost of the equipment and all related costs. The price of the equipment depends on the type of flowmeter. The final cost includes:

• The device.
• Accessories to it.
• Installation costs.

Only an organization that has all the permissions required to perform the installation of the meter is authorized. After the termination of all actions on installation the employee of the company seals it. Further it is necessary to carry out verification of the device every four years. The service is chargeable. As a result, the cost of installing a heat meter is significantly increased, but the costs are paid off in due course by saving on utility bills.

Who checks the meter

The new equipment has already been tested, it confirms the record on the block, and the information is duplicated in the accompanying documentation. The main calibration is carried out at the factory. Upon the onset of the next verification period, the equipment owner can contact the following organizations:

• In the firm, which puts obschedomovye counters for heating. In most cases, an agreement on further servicing is drawn up immediately, and the company's employees take on all the verification issues.
• To the local branch of the state institution, which carries out certification and verification of measuring equipment.
• To the service center of the manufacturer of the meter.

Calculation of heating in an apartment with a house-count meter

In this case, accruals occur on the basis of readings from the accounting device taken during a specified time period, usually a month.

In the total expenditure of heat energy, the part that is accounted for by your living quarters is calculated, then it is multiplied by the established tariff. The formula for calculating heating according to a house-count meter is as follows:

P = Q total * S / S total * T, where:

• Q total - the amount of heat consumed by the readings of the Gcal unit.
• S total - the area of all residential, free and office space in the house in the square. M.
• S - heated area in sq. M. M. It does not include balconies, loggias, terraces and verandas.
• T - the heating tariff in the region.

It is worth noting that the recalculation of heating by a house-building meter should be carried out in any case based on the average temperature regime for the heating season. Then, at the end of the tenants, a part of the funds is returned as a preliminary payment for the future service or an invoice is issued for an additional payment.

Payment for heating in the summer season

In accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, it is allowed to charge heating fees year-round, that is, for 12 months, both in winter and in summer. Nevertheless, the adoption of these rules depends solely on local authorities that have the power to enforce them by their decision. For example, on the territory of the Russian Federation there are two directives simultaneously - No.307 and 354. The first prescribes to make accruals constantly, and the second - only during the heating season.

To implement the first method is very simple - the same formulas are used, but the indicators in them are substituted in accordance with the last year, distributed for 12 months. After that, there is a recalculation and adjustment of the standards that will be applied in the next year. On the one hand, payment in the summer reduces the amount of monthly payment for utilities, and on the other - makes complex and incomprehensible the entire accrual system.

Conclusion

Many residents of apartment buildings are familiar with various errors or incomprehensibly from where the appeared figures in payments for utilities. Today, when these amounts are very impressive, awareness in this matter is very important, and now you know how to consider a house heating meter. In addition, it is recommended that the suppliers of heat supply obtain accurate data on rates and tariffs in order to verify the accuracy of the charges.