Francisco Goya: pictures. Francisco Goya: biography

Francisco Goya (1746-1828) is a Spanish artist who entered the history of his country as a great painter, denying the classical foundations and depicting the human essence in its real, painfully bared light, with all the shortcomings and vices.

Francisco Goya: portrait of the artist

A gloomy, slightly puffy face, a thoughtful, cautious and full sarcasm heavy glance, threateningly gazing from under his eyebrows, a big head - so on the self-portrait the viewer sees the artist. This he was in life - the master of the brush, a tired man, changed his mind a lot and fundamentally comprehended the realities of the existence of ordinary people. Soberly and attentively looking into the world around him, Goya saw the prevailing lies in him, stupidity, hypocrisy, superstition, which, indignant, imprinted in his works. The paintings of Francisco Goya are a loud satire on a society with its flaws and weaknesses.

In life, a talented Spaniard was not known outside his country. For the rest of the world it was discovered in the middle of the XIX century by French romantics, who were interested in the fantasy of his creations. Evaluation of the creativity of Goya has changed many times. For contemporary connoisseurs of beauty, he is not only a creator of images that impresses with his fantasy, but also a great master of real art. Pictures of Francisco Goya or take, or do not accept; In any case, the spectator will not remain indifferent.

Early work of the artist

In his youth, the talented Spaniard drew differently, with youthful maximalism, weaving into his own creations the wonderful poetry of the emerging individual style - the style of Francisco Goya. Pictures created by him, fully convey the magic of the brush, aware of its power and enjoying it. The work "Umbrella" - an example of the artist's early work - attracts the eye with the play of colors, each stroke, the flexible grace of a woman, the juicy and bold color variations of the color palette, fabulous lighting and some almost musical composition. The mastery of this creation (the tops of early Goya) is crystal clear, the atmosphere is still cloudless, just like the young years of a talented Spaniard. The stories about Goya's youth are more like exciting legends, the central figure of which he was. In Zaragoza, a young artist was hunted by the Inquisition because of a fight at the church festival, which he arranged. In Madrid, Francisco was found bleeding with a knife in the back, he plowed through the expanse of Spain along with the wandering bullfighters, in Italy - a country where the painter had been honing his drawing skills for several years - he climbed the dome of St. Peter's Cathedral and circled the tomb of Cecilia Metellus.

Pictures of Francisco Goya: a look at the inner world of society

Francisco Goya created a striking series of etchings "Caprichos" (1793-1797), consisting of 83 works that best convey the spirit of freedom and reality, which he described briefly and accurately: "The world is a masquerade, in which everyone deceives, they want to appear not, Who they really are. Nobody knows himself. " Francisco José de Goya, whose paintings make you think about a long time ago - a person who could see deeper everyday life, carrying through his works humanity, first heard the growing noise of modern times, struggling against all lies and looking for the foundation on which a better future is to be built Own people.

Francisco Goya was patronized by the most aristocratic Spanish aristocrats. He became a member of the Royal Academy of Arts, then its vice-director, and later the director of the painting department. In 1786, Francisco Goya was appointed court painter.

Francisco Goya: famous paintings

Bright portrait painter, who gained official fame in this genre in the eighties of the XVIII century, in 1792 Francisco Goya became seriously ill, which led to complete deafness. It was during this difficult period that the only refuge for him was art. The artist began to avoid people, completely withdrew into himself, continuing to write portraits.

The first pictures of Francisco Goya in this genre were ceremonial ("Charles III on the hunt"), with the passage of time they acquired lightness and palpable irony in relation to the models (Marquise Anna Pontejos, The Family of the Duke of Osuna). A new vision of the artist's reality and his critical approach to it are traced in later works of the master. For example, "Portrait of the royal family" (1800) depicts Charles IV with his family, stiff and arrogant faces which the artist did not even try to embellish. Master reliably transmits the repulsive appearance, spiritual poverty and insignificance of the ruling elite, not hiding his dislike for the Spanish monarchs.

Francisco Goya survived the terrible years of the occupation of Spain by Napoleonic troops, witnessing the brutal massacres of the invaders over the civilian population. It was these events that served as the basis for the creation of such works as "Shooting on the night of 2 to 3 May 1808", "May 2 Rebellion on the Puerta del Sol".

Goya worked until the very last day. One of his final works was an old man on crutches, under which stood the signature: "I'm still learning." The artist died from paralysis, in the period of the birth of a new society and culture. Having at the turn of two centuries a completely new view of the surrounding world, rejecting old prohibitions and illusions, Goya with great certainty was able to convey in his work all the complexity and contradictoriness of his time.