Fertilizer "Baikal EM-1": application and feedback

Prominent Russian gardeners have already known the Baikal EM-1 preparation since 2000. The use of complex fertilizer allows harvesting up to four times more than with simple application of organic materials. Unfortunately, not all have the patience to carefully read the instructions and act according to simple rules.

Creation of EM-technologies

The methods of organic farming have existed since the beginning of cultivation of the land. But a real breakthrough in the development of unique organic (EM) technologies, increasing the productivity and fertility of soils, was the creation and widespread use of Baikal EM-1. Why did scientists fail to produce the Baikal EM-1 fertilizer for so long?

The use of organic materials to increase soil fertility is a time-tested technique. Although it turns out that if only such fertilizers are introduced into the earth, the yield increase can be expected only during the first two years, then everything returns: both diseases, and pests, and plant oppression. Why?

Studies of chernozems have shown that in one gram of soil there lives a huge number of bacteria - almost up to 2.5 billion. These tiny microorganisms are engaged in the processing of organic residues both in mineral and in complex organic compounds, synthesizing in parallel high-molecular compounds - humic acids. It is these acids that create a reserve in the soil of nutrients for plants. That is, to improve soil fertility, it is necessary to create acceptable conditions for ensuring the vital activity of soil microorganisms so that they reproduce and do not perish, only then a normal layer of cultivated soil is formed. And it is in it that representatives of the fauna begin their active life: earthworms, insect larvae, etc. From the point of view of soil formation, earthworms that pass through themselves the remains of organic matter and mineral constituents of soil are most useful.

From the above, we can conclude: bring in microorganisms, cultivate the soil, grow earthworms - and huge yields will not keep you waiting. But it turned out that everything is much more complicated: among microorganisms there are both beneficial (regenerative) and pathogenic (degenerative). The first contribute to the growth of plants, the second oppress them. A pest affects primarily the weakest (sick) plants. That is, both useful and pathogenic microorganisms are needed . It's all about ensuring their balance: 2/3 of the regenerative and 1/3 of the degenerative.

The creation of such a stable symbiosis of microorganisms was received in 1988 by the Japanese microbiologist Teruo Higa. (To be fair, it should be noted that as early as the 1930s, Soviet scientists were the first to address this problem.) The result of his work was the acquisition of 86 regenerative strains called EM (effective microorganisms). It was with their appearance that the EM-technology of agriculture began to develop in many countries. In many countries of the world it became a state policy. The greatest interest was shown to it by such countries as Japan and England. Japan went on the way of working with the population, inculcating the skills of EM technologies. In England, the state pays the farmers for the conduct of agricultural processes only with the use of EM drugs.

Ten years later the Russian scientist P.A. Shablin managed to create his unique preparation "Baikal EM-1". Its application immediately showed an equivalence, and in some directions also greater efficiency in comparison with the Japanese one. The price of Russian fertilizer is much lower.

State registration and efficiency

The developers of the drug made a lot of efforts, proving the effectiveness of Baikal EM-1. The use of the drug for today is allowed by state bodies.

Any living environment (plant surface, soil, biological waste) upon contact with Baikal EM-1 experiences a life-giving effect: its development becomes more fruitful, purification from pathogenic microbes and harmful chemistry occurs.

The drug was tested for four years in the CIS countries and Russian regions. Leading agricultural scientific institutions (the State Agricultural Academy named after KA Timiryazev (Moscow), the State Agricultural University named after NI Vavilov (Saratov), the All-Russian Institute of Agricultural Microbiology (St. Petersburg)) carried out fundamental research. Unconditional revival of soil and yield growth were noted. Although it is almost impossible to issue digital promises (as with the instant application of mineral fertilizers), the result is influenced by a huge number of factors: the condition and nature of the contamination of the soil, the correctness and intensity of application.

Probability of results

Trends in the use of organic fertilizers based on Baikal EM-1 are as follows:

• Application of the preparation with pre-plant soaking gives an increase in yield by an average of 10%, sometimes even by 60%.
• Spraying of shoots with the preparation "Baikal EM-1" with a concentration of 1: 1000 raises the yield up to 30%.
• With weekly spraying, different crops give an increase in yield from 50 to 150%.
• The use of properly prepared EM compost can increase the yield by 200-600%.

Quality issues

Quantitative results, depending on the previous state of the soil, are not always stable. Qualitative indicators are much more stable when using the Baikal EM-1 fertilizer:

• The use of the drug increases the shelf life of winter varieties.
• Improvement of fruit taste is noted in all control areas.
• In tomatoes, the number of fruit collected increases twice, for cucumbers - three times when tying up to five pieces.

When assessing the use of control areas according to the instructions of the preparation "Baikal EM-1", the reviews also concern the increase in the size of the fruit. This is due to the realization of the plants their genetic potential in a favorable environment.

Increased immunity

Increasing the resistance of plants to viral and fungal diseases is one of the functions of liquid fertilizer "Baikal EM-1". The responses of truck farmers after the first year of application are as follows:

1. Complete disposal of late blight.
2. Reducing the number (sometimes even their disappearance) of the main dangerous pests.
3. Increased stability during droughts and early frosts.
4. EM-compost on the basis of manure is required ten less than the actual manure, the effect when applying is much stronger.

Functional series of preparations from the "Baikal EM-1" series: application, reviews

1. The water solution "Baikal EM-1", ready for use, is represented by PET-containers with the capacity of 1 liter, 0.5 liters, 250 ml and 100 ml. According to the reviews is suitable for rapid breeding in a limited time.
2. Concentrated "Baikal EM-1" is available in bottles of 30 and 40 ml (depends on the manufacturer). As noted by gardeners, from the point of view of saving money this is the most successful option.
3. "Tamir" - a special tool for composting and cleaning toilets. Poured into PET bottles with a capacity of 1 and 0.35 liters.
4. EM-molasses, a bottle with a capacity of 0.1 liters. Used to prepare the EM solution together with the concentrate.

Preparation of EM preparation

EM is the first product to be made independently from the Baikal EM-1 concentrate. The use of this product is due to the convenience of transportation (total 30 ml) and a long shelf life (1 year). Microorganisms in the concentrate are in a non-working, sleepy state. Their awakening occurs when there is a nutrient medium and the desired temperature.

1. In a three-liter jar pour boiled water with a temperature of 20-30 degrees.
2. Add honey (3 tablespoons), you can treacle. In the absence of honey, you need to add jam without berries in a volume of up to six spoons (if the jam is thick and there are many berries in it, dilute it with a small amount of water, strain and pour into the jar).
3. When using honey, it is desirable to put it in a jar in pieces - one spoon every day.
4. Pour the whole concentrate solution into the jar.
5. Stir thoroughly, if necessary, add water under the lid.
6. Put in a warm (20-30 degrees) dark place for fermentation.
7. Starting from the third day, it is necessary to open the jar for the release of gases.
8. The readiness of the EM preparation is determined by the characteristic pleasantly sour smell.

From the temperature of fermentation depends the purpose of the preparation made from the concentrate "Baikal EM-1". Reviews are as follows:

• At a fermentation temperature of up to 25 degrees, an EM preparation is produced that increases the yield.
• At a fermentation temperature of 30-35 degrees, the EM preparation strongly protects plants, fights weeds and is excellent for composting.
• Despite the strengthening of this or that function, the others are fully implemented.

The prepared EM-preparation must be poured into dark bottles, stored at a low temperature (5-15 degrees) in the dark. Shelf life of the prepared preparation is only six months.

Application Instruction "Baikal EM-1"

For use in various purposes, an EM solution is prepared based on conventional (non-chlorinated) water:

• The usual watering of plants - 1: 1000 (per ten-liter bucket of water - a tablespoon of EM-drug and sugar (honey)), sometimes 1: 500 (per bucket of water - 2 spoons).
• Work with seedlings - 1: 2000 (on a bucket of water - half a tablespoon).
• For spring (early) and autumn tillage, for composting - 1: 100 (for a bucket of water - 10 tablespoons of EM preparation).

To create the correct aqueous EM solution during the application of the EM preparation, it is necessary to make a nutritious (sweet) medium in the same volume (on a spoon of the preparation - a spoon of jam, molasses or honey). You can fall asleep sugar in the same volume. The EM solution must be mixed and left for a day. Use EM-solution for three days.

Main methods of EM agrotechnics

The maximum goal is the creation of a fertile layer of land in one year, which will enable us to obtain a large crop in the first year, and in the next two years to restore the natural fertility inherent in it.

To carry out the work, it will be necessary to prepare the compost using the above-described technology using Baikal EM-1. The use of compost in the summer will greatly facilitate the task. If this could not be done, then you need to use all the organic remains (zelenok) that are available by this time (chopped green mass, plant remains, mown grass, peat, manure). It is necessary to dig a trench deep and wide to twenty-five centimeters (bayonet spade), lay a greenery there, fill it with a small amount of excavated earth, ash, dolomite flour, mix everything and pour the EM solution in the usual concentration (one bucket of spoon per bucket). The mixture in the trench should be up to 6 cm high. Next you need to dig the next trench. The top layer of soil without a coup is laid out in the previous trench, closing it.

Having thus completed the entire site, you need to check its closure, top it with EM compost (you can peat) at a rate of 1 kg per square meter, lightly prikopat earth and water the area with EM solution at a rate of 5 buckets per hundred. Such a site has been working on the creation of humus since autumn. And the earlier the compost was laid, the better the microorganisms multiply before the onset of cold weather. Their work will continue and under the snow before the onset of severe frost, when the soil freezes. In the spring, such a land awakens much earlier. Soil microfauna will recover completely only by June. (The application of Baikal EM-1 in the spring with the same purpose will withdraw a part of the earth from circulation.)

Having put before ourselves the maximum task, it is possible to divide its performance for several years. Take, for example, berry. It is very convenient to take a mustache from them in the spring, after watering the fertilizer "Baikal EM-1". Application on strawberries will give an opportunity in the first year to obtain a significant harvest from the first year and a large harvest from the main bushes. In unprocessed areas, plants can be planted and watered at least four times per month with a prepared EM solution.

EM Compost

For cooking, all the organic matter that is on the plot is used: grass remnants, straw, weeds, small branches, sawdust, peat, etc. An organic layer is applied, then a small layer of fertile soil (10% of organic matter), again organic matter and soil. If there is manure, then it can also be spread into a layer of organic material, but in small quantities and small foci. Compost pile should be evenly spilled EM-solution with sufficient concentration (1: 100 - ten tablespoons per bucket of water plus ten tablespoons of sugar).

The quality and timing of the preparation of the compost depends on the moisture content of the mixture and its temperature. The optimum humidity is about 60%: then, when squeezed in the hand, a liquid flows out of the mixture. The optimum temperature is from 28 degrees to 35 degrees.

The compost can be used almost in a month, but there are certain restrictions on introducing such a fresh product. It can not be placed next to the root system of plants. For the first year of working with EM-technologies it is better to populate a compost heap of earthworms, and by the end of the season it will be a real "worm". The mature compost in autumn can be introduced into the soil.

Working with seedlings

Small plants need a special solution based on the preparation prepared from the concentrate "Baikal EM-1". Application for seedlings is a daily watering before emergence and once a week for home maintenance. Growing seedlings on this technology accelerates its growth by almost two weeks.

The solution is needed with a concentration of 1: 2000. On a bucket of water with a temperature of about 20 degrees (preferably boiled in advance) is added half a tablespoon of EM preparation and half a spoonful of honey (molasses, jam without berries). Everything is stirred, stands for at least 12 hours. Adult seedlings can be watered through a tube.

Planting seedlings in the open ground, you need to wait for its rooting (this is usually no more than four days), then you can spill EM-solution for seedlings. Prior to survival, it is necessary to water the seedlings every day with EM-solution in usual concentration (1: 1000) until complete engraftment.

Soil for seedlings

Training is conducted in August. It is necessary to take the ready-made EM-compost (see above), mix it with the soil in the proportion of 1:10, pour the aqueous EM-solution with a higher concentration - 1: 500 (five spoonfuls per bucket of water), mix everything. Water should be watered until the mixture begins to disintegrate from the touch. Close the film, protecting from drying.

The soil will be fermented for almost two months. Every 3 weeks, the fermentation process (watering and mixing) should be repeated. Three weeks before planting, the prepared soil must be brought into heat and spilled with a solution (1: 500). For seedlings, you can take and not prepared in advance the soil, three weeks before planting, expand it into boxes and, pouring it with a more concentrated aqueous solution (1: 300), leave under the film.

Flowers with EM technology

To obtain consistently good results, flower growers simply need to follow the recommendations of using Baikal EM-1. The application for seedling flowers is as follows:

• An EM preparation is prepared (see the section "Preparation of the EM preparation").
• The EM solution is needed at a concentration of 1: 2000 (per usual bucket of water - half a spoonful of the drug plus half a spoonful of honey, or jam or sugar).
• Seeds should be soaked for 12 hours in the EM solution (if the size of the seeds is allowed).
• Prepared soil before sowing seeds shed EM-solution.
• Lay out the seeds (large sprinkled with a thin layer of soil, small carefully spread out on the surface).
• Sprinkle with EM solution, cover with glass or bag.
• Shoots appear amicable, they should be sprayed regularly: for a week once.
• After landing in the ground, water every day for three days (after scarring on the roots) until complete rooting.

Home floriculture

Grow and preserve your favorite plants - a challenge that is easily handled by Baikal EM-1. Application for indoor plants of aqueous EM-solution allows to grow them very easily, flowering is long, development - according to the genetic potential.

If the home plants are in a normal state, then care for them is simple: regular watering is needed (in a week - once or more: according to the condition of the soil and the elasticity of the leaves). Large plant leaves are preferably wiped with a solution or sprayed from a spray gun.

In the case of plant disease (slow growth, change in natural color, leaf weeping, leaf drop, dropping buds) and if it is impossible to determine the cause of the disease, it is necessary to correct the situation with a change in the state of the soil.

Plant transplantation is a troublesome business, large flowers are difficult to get out of a pot. In this situation, you can try to cure the soil by populating the symbiosis of effective microorganisms. Simply put, start watering the plants with a prepared EM solution (on a bucket of water - half a tablespoon of honey (sugar) and the same amount of EM solution). The plant itself can react after two or three waterings to improve the situation, but if you stop watering the "Baikal", all painful conditions will return.

The treatment of a plant with an EM solution can be carried out by replacing the old soil with parts with a new one. To do this, take a universal primer and spill it with a solution. Replace gradually, taking care not to damage the roots.

For houseplants, you do not need to buy a whole flask of concentrate (30 ml), it's easier to buy a ready-made "Baikal EM-1" in a PET bottle of 0.5 liters or even less - 0.1 liters.

Homemade chores with microorganisms from a bottle

The inventors of EM technologies did not set themselves the goal of using "Baikal EM-1" in the household. The use of effective microorganisms in the home is a completely new and unexplored business for the housewives. Although in Japan, where the EM-drug was invented for the first time, it is even added to tea. They wash floors, dishes, wipe furniture, walls, chandeliers. Fill up the drain cisterns, wash the streets. 40% of the country's fertile land has already been restored with the help of EM technologies. The Japanese pour tons of efficient microorganisms into its Inland Sea every day for its purification. This is a state program.

In Russia, since 2000, many housewives (who are engaged in horticulture), noticing the obvious results in the garden, began to use in the household "Baikal EM-1." Reviews of the household for such an innovation did not take long: it smells nice, it's not stuffy, it's clean, you do not want to leave anywhere.

Aqueous EM-solution should be prepared in usual concentration 1: 1000 (spoon for a bucket of water) for wet cleaning.

1. Spray the chandeliers (in the off state) - the smell of nicotine and dust disappears.
2. Dampen carpets and upholstered furniture - the mites will disappear, the carpets themselves will become lighter.
3. Spray the curtains - the smells will disappear.
4. Wash the rugs in the hallway - the smells will disappear, the rugs will become lighter.
5. Spray the bed and linens (sheets, duvet covers, pillows) - smells disappear, the appearance of the bed linen changes, it becomes more pleasant to the touch and cleaner.
6. At night, pour into the sink a glass of EM solution, the pipes will be cleaned by the morning. For greater effect, leave the drug for a day.
7. Clean the tub. If it has a yellow indelible coating, you can apply this method: fill with water, add a glass of sugar, a glass of flour and a glass of solution. Leave for three days.

Application in animal husbandry

Working with an EM solution prepared from concentrate, the cattle breeders achieve excellent results. Ways of using:

• Addition of Baikal EM-1 solution in drinking water.
• Application in litter (wet treatment).
• Adding to the feed.
• Depositing in waste tanks with waste.
• Treatment with sewage.

EM technologies have been used for a long time for cattle, pigs, poultry and poultry processing.