Examples of reliable information. Reliable sources of information

The path of evolution that the mass media have undergone to date, and the rapid development of the Internet, clearly demonstrate that the information hunger does not threaten the modern man. In the arsenal of the current generation, there are always current information that allows you to answer almost any question.
However, here another problem arises before mankind. Information, including constantly updated, has become so much that it becomes necessary to obtain reliable information.

After all, in an endless stream of articles, notes and publications, texts written by incompetent authors or those who knowingly misinform the public often come across. How can you be sure that complete reliable information has been obtained on this or that question? To do this, all the data must be learned to distinguish from those that only mislead the reader.

The concept of information

In the process of training or as necessary, we receive information about various events, facts, persons and subjects. This is the information we need, which can have a variety of forms of presentation. At the same time, it is both reliable and not.

It happens that the information we received is not true. It provides us with information about phenomena and objects that did not exist at all. Such information is considered unreliable.

In contrast, the information we have received can be real, genuine and not in any doubt. Examples of reliable information are those publications that are confirmed by legally correct procedures using witnesses, documents, examinations, etc.

Sources of Information Received

Where does reliable information come from? Examples of sources of its production are diverse. They can be:
- individuals, by virtue of their authority and position held, possessing the information that the mass media are interested in;
- official documents;
- human habitat (urban, natural, as well as subject-matter);
- printed publications with output data (encyclopedias, books, textbooks, articles in printed journals, etc.);
- information environment of virtual type;
- sites on the Internet.

The most common sources of information are officials of official government bodies. Providing the population with accurate and objective information is their direct duty.

In the Russian Federation, there is a norm guaranteeing the right of citizens to reliable information. It is fixed in the legislative act "On the mass media". According to this document, citizens of the country have the right to receive truthful information concerning the activities of state organizations and bodies, as well as various public associations and officials working in them. These are reliable sources of information. They transmit information available to them either at the request of the editorial staff, or by holding conferences, distributing newsletters, statistical and reference materials, and also using other forms.

Where there is a right, there is a duty. So, the editorial staff of the media should pass on to citizens the reliable information received from the authorities.

Properties of information

The importance of various publications, articles, news and messages for the everyday life of human society is great. The economic development of states, as well as the health and life of people, depends on their properties.

In any situation, an analysis of the properties available on the information obtained is required. This will help to understand how much this information is useful and relevant to others. At the same time, it is estimated how reliable the information is. Examples of truly truthful information are quite diverse. It can be a television program. It in most cases contains in itself actual for the person and quite authentic information.

However, there are also situations in which several other properties of the information obtained are important. Thus, the given examples of reliable information are clearly insufficient for young children. They need to sound a text consisting of simple sentences, which, besides, should be illustrated. Only in this case, the information can have the property of intelligibility and accessibility.

A person is fully able to use the information he has received, if they are relevant, accessible (understandable), reliable, adequate, representative and complete. Let's consider these categories in more detail.

Relevance

The information obtained should be important for the individual and society as a whole. At the same time, they will be considered relevant if they can be used to solve a particular problem, or when a particular situation arises.

This property is in direct proportion to the time interval that separates the time of the appearance of information and then its receipt, as well as the speed of the change in the situation. Only truthful and timely information will help to solve the task.

Examples of reliable information, which is also relevant, are the data on hurricanes, earthquakes, and other natural disasters that were heard the day before. Great importance in the life of man and society is played by the weather forecast.

Availability

All information must be submitted in a form understandable to the person and the language that he perceives. Only in this case we can talk about the availability of text.
For example, information, necessary and reliable, is contained in the textbook on chemistry for grade 10. However, it is incomprehensible to the eighth graders who will meet unfamiliar formulas and terms in the text of the paragraphs.

This property of information is taken into account by bookstores and libraries. On their shelves indicate the information about whether the literature for what age is in one or another section.

Reliability

All received information should reflect the state of the object, phenomenon or process that exists in reality. No wonder that citizens of any country have the right to reliable information. After all, false data can lead to incorrect perception of the situation and making an erroneous decision.

Sufficiency (completeness)

Reliable information should include a minimal, but at the same time, a strictly defined set of data for making the right decision. In this case, we can talk about the completeness of the information obtained. However, it should be borne in mind that the effectiveness of decisions taken is lost not only with incomplete, but with an excessive amount of information.

In life, there are often situations where it is very important that the information received by a person is reliable and sufficient. So, every day we talk on the phone, scheduling serious matters and meetings. But sometimes we can not hear all the words of the interlocutor because of the noise in the tube. Incorrectly understood phrases can be interpreted in their own way.

What else can you give examples of reliable information, which because of the loss of the completeness of information can lead to the adoption of the wrong decision? This is a telegram about the date and time of arrival of the guest, in which, for one reason or another, an error was made. Distortions in the text will lead to its misunderstanding. As a result, the guest will have to get from the station himself.

Adequacy

This is another property of information that allows you to compare the received data with a real object, phenomenon, or process. As for real life, the complete adequacy of the information is practically not observed in it.

For example, an applicant who wants to obtain an economic specialty after graduation has information from his friends that the profession he has chosen can be acquired at various universities. The information that appeared not from official sources is contradictory. That's why, based on them, a young man is not able to make the right decision for himself. In this case, we can say that the information received is inadequate in relation to the current state of affairs.

Reliable information is available in the "Directory for applicants to universities." This publication adequately reflects all areas of education that are available in the country's universities. Such information will help the entrant to make the right decision, finally having determined his choice.

Representativeness

This property of information is directly related to its correct selection and generation of data for an adequate description of the properties of the object. For this, similar information from various sources is used. As a result, the data concerning the most important characteristics of the object or phenomenon are selected.

An example is the solution of the question posed to the social service of the city, about clarifying the amount of money that is spent by each family weekly. For this there is no need for a survey of all residents. Employees of the social service should find out this amount only from that part of the population that can be included in a typical group. As a result, an array of information will be formed, which is called sampling. In the event that the results of the survey will be typical for most of the city's population, it is possible to talk about the representativeness of information.

Objective and subjective nature of information

It is very difficult to give examples of information that is reliable and unreliable, when a person expresses this or that attitude to her. In this case, it is more appropriate to consider the information in terms of their objectivity and subjectivity. The first of these two characteristics depends only on the content of the information text.

The attitude of man to him here does not matter. So, reliable and objective information is contained in any school textbook. Its scope, meaning, as well as the type of representation do not depend on this or that relationship of the student to the subject. Absolutely other properties have subjective information. Its characteristics are directly dependent on the significance of the information for a particular person.

Reliable, but non-objective information constantly meets us in everyday life. About its presence, such definitions as interesting and important, harmful and useful, complicated, etc., speak. All these words characterize the person's attitude to the importance of information. In life, it is hardly possible to find information that would be equally interesting and important for every person. That is why all of the above definitions characterize publications, articles and messages in terms of their subjectivity.

Reliable, but biased information is contained in the phrase "It's cold outside." This feeling depends on the person who expressed it. Objective information can be obtained from the message "On the street 15 degrees." This information gives us instruments with an accuracy that depends on their error.

There are numerous examples of reliable, but biased information. After all, any information submitted by even official sources, people have their own opinions and judgments. In this case, information ceases to be objective, passing into the category of subjective.

Examples of reliable, but biased information can be found in various media. These are the responses and discussions of the adopted legislative acts, a description of the events that took place, and so on.

Classification of confidence level

Every day we come across different publications. They contain reliable and unreliable information. How can you distinguish it?

There are certain groups of information that distribute all the information provided on the degree of its truthfulness. The first of these includes official publications contained on websites of state bodies, including those with a registration character. Such information is as reliable as possible. That is why it deserves the highest evaluation criteria. However, examples of information that are reliable and unreliable can also be given in this case. The fact is that in the submission of any information, unintentional errors are not excluded.

The second group includes official publications posted on the websites of news agencies with a good reputation. This is also the source of the highest degree of certainty.

The third group includes information that legal entities disclose about themselves. Such data is placed on own or specialized sites.

The fourth group of credibility includes information that is contained on the pages of information and news agencies. Such information is also found on electronic media sites that have a good reputation.

Reliable and unreliable information can be collected from different sources. It is placed on thematic resources, which have a certain direction of activity. That is why such information is referred to the fifth group of reliability.

The sixth level of truthfulness of information includes data that can be read on the websites of companies that produce their own information-analytical product. In this case, the truthfulness of the information directly depends on the engagement and position of the resource owners.

The seventh group includes "yellow" information. On its reliability is generally not worth talking about.