Engine ZMZ-410: specifications, description and reviews

Zavolzhsky Motor Plant, which was founded back in 1958, produced more than 15 million engines. The motors were delivered to Ulyanovsk, Gorky and Pavlovsky bus plants. Among the produced engines were ZMZ-410. This power unit, which was installed on a technique with increased cross-country ability, has very interesting technical characteristics. Let's look at the main design features, advantages and disadvantages of the 410th engine.

general information

ZMZ-410 is the reworked 402th. The latter was famous for its simplicity, reliability in operation and unpretentiousness in maintenance. But over time, this engine is morally obsolete, so it was decided to develop a more modern powerplant, which would be equally reliable. That's why the design of ZMZ-410 is similar to the 402 motor.

But at the same time, the engineers had to increase the power of the power unit. For this purpose, a new block ZMZ-410 with cylinder cylinders was developed. It was noteworthy that the material of the block was an alloy of aluminum, and the sleeves were pressed into it by cast-iron ones. Also, the developers have somewhat reworked the shape of the pistons. Otherwise, the design of this motor is similar to the 402 model of power units ZMZ.

Technical characteristics of ZMZ-410

The volume of the cylinders of the 410th is 2.89 liters. At the same time, its rated power is 96 horsepower, with a crankshaft rotation speed of 3,500 rpm. The maximum torque is reached at a crankshaft rotation speed of 2,500 rpm and is 201 Nm. In fact, this is a classical inline four, which was not distinguished by the presence of any constructive frills.

Designers, as already noted above, increased the unit to increase power. The cylinder diameter in this motor is 100 mm, and the stroke of the piston is 92 mm. Used gas distribution mechanism OHV with two valves per cylinder. Speeches about the injector system in those days did not go, so they assembled this engine with carburetor K-151C. Motor resource of the motor is about 200 000 kilometers with timely maintenance, high-quality lubrication and the absence of increased loads.

Successful model

We can safely say that in general the model was very successful. After all, the characteristics of the engines ZMZ-410 at that time were very good. Carburetor engine with contact ignition distribution for a long time was used as part of a group of UAZ vehicles. The factory designation of the engine is ZMZ4104.10.

The success of this model can be said due to the fact that for the entire time, about 15 modifications of this power unit were developed. Depending on the customer's instructions, various components were added to the motor, such as water pumps, sensors, etc. If necessary, it was possible to replace the 410th with UMZ-421 without any alterations. But at the same time it was noted that the quality of assembly at the Zavolzhsky motor plant is an order of magnitude higher than that of Ulyanovsk. Although, most likely, it concerned only this particular model.

Briefly about maintenance

As already mentioned above, this is a fairly simple motor with its design, which is distinguished by its increased reliability. Nevertheless, for a long-term operation without major repairs, it is necessary to comply with a number of recommendations of the manufacturer:

• Replacement of engine oil once every 10,000 kilometers, also install a new oil filter;
• The adjustment of the valves every 15,000 kilometers, the thermal clearances for the exhaust valves are 0.4-0.45 mm, for the intake first and fourth cylinders 0.35-0.40, for the second and third 0.4-0.45 mm ;
• Check the condition of the crankshaft oil seals, if necessary, replace the packing.

As you can see, the maintenance of this motor is reduced to a few fairly simple actions. This TO is quite cheap and is performed quickly. If you comply with these requirements, you can significantly extend the life of the motor. At the same time, non-compliance with the regulatory deadlines for adjustment and oil replacement may lead to a reduction in the life of the ICE and its premature withdrawal for major repairs.

ZMZ-410: reviews of motorists

Most drivers compare the 410 model of the Zavolzhsky plant and the 421st Ulyanovsk. Quite often, motorists can not decide the choice. Indeed, it is rather difficult to give preference to one or the other power unit. After all, each of them has both advantages and disadvantages. Take, for example, UMZ-421. This is a low-cost low-thrust motor with an oil seal on the camshaft. It has its drawbacks, for example, the absence of cartridge cases.

At the same time, the 410 is a more expensive option, but they also buy it much better. It is a used engine with packing instead of an oil seal. Also, the 410 is somewhat more expensive than the 421st. In general, motorists are more inclined towards the ZMZ-engine. He, of course, has his own problems, but this is a more reliable engine, which costs quite cheaply both in maintenance and in repair. Therefore, if you have a choice between UMZ-421 and ZMZ-410, then boldly give preference to the latter.

Basic malfunctions and ways of their elimination

"Chronic diseases" 410 has no. Nevertheless, with the increase in mileage, all sorts of unpleasant moments appear. Consider the typical faults and their causes:

• Knocking and noise during the operation of the power unit. During maintenance, the adjustment of the thermal clearance of the timing system valves was not performed, as well as the defects in the connecting rod or camshaft.
• Increased vibration of the engine. Probably, adjustment of ignition or balancing of the crank-шатунного the mechanism is required. There are also defects in the ignition system.
• Overheating engine. Most often happens due to wedged in the closed position of the thermostat, airlock in the cooling system or malfunction of the water pump.

Typically, motorists are faced with these problems, which often can be eliminated by carrying out minor repairs. In some cases, the consumption of oil increases. Most often this is due to the fact that the stuffing flows. Therefore, it is recommended to inspect it regularly, preferably with each replacement of lubricant in the engine system.

How to increase the power of the power unit

We have already considered with you the technical characteristics of the engine ZMZ-410. As noted above, this motor has 98 horsepower power. This is quite a good indicator in those days of production of such power units. But there is an opportunity to increase the number of "horses" to about 120. And this procedure does not require any significant alterations. It is only necessary to perform several simple actions. The first thing is to increase the diffusers of the carburetor to 30 mm. Then another camshaft is installed. You can use a detail like "OKB engine 35" or similar. At the final stage, a direct-flow exhaust with the same pipe diameter is installed along its entire length.

After such small modifications, about 20% of the additional capacity can be obtained. Carrying out such work is very advisable, because the cost of such tuning is not too high, and the result will be noticeable. You can go further and, by changing the height of the cylinder head, increase the compression in the engine. Further tuning is inexpedient due to increased financial costs. Install the compressor or turbine will be possible only in the case of a transition from the carburetor to the injector, and this requires a large number of alterations.

Is it worth taking such a motor?

As already noted above, at present ZMZ-410 is not produced. Nevertheless, for such equipment as UAZ, and installation for buses, this power unit fits perfectly. Of course, at present there are more economical and reliable engines. But their maintenance and maintenance cost an order of magnitude more. This is why ZMZ-410 can be used in the agricultural sector. He is unpretentious, consumes almost any fuel and rarely breaks down. And if this happens, then it can be repaired in an open field, though with certain knowledge.

Of course, there are drawbacks here, such as weak piston fingers. The fact is that the designers increased the pistons to 100 mm, and the fingers remained the same. Therefore, sometimes with increased loads, they break. In this case, even the destruction of the block is possible.

Let's sum up the results

The 410th model of the ZMZ engine is distinguished by its high reliability, unpretentiousness and rather high resource. If the engine is serviced in time, it will pass 200,000 kilometers, or maybe even more. In this case, it is possible to perform a major overhaul of the power unit. This kind of restoration will cost no more than 10,000 rubles.

Of course, the operation of such engines in large cities is unacceptable. This power unit does not comply with environmental European standards. The absence of a catalytic converter leads to the fact that harmful exhaust gases contaminate the environment. For this simple reason, the use of such equipment is permissible only outside large cities. Often, ZMZ-410 finds its application in agricultural machinery of medium load-carrying capacity. In some cases, this power unit is installed on buses and small trucks.