Dyural is a high-strength aluminum alloy with additions of copper, magnesium and manganese: properties, production and application

Dyural is a multicomponent alloy, which is made of aluminum, magnesium, zinc and manganese. In the production process, other components are added to the mixture.

Varieties of duraluminum

Depending on certain technical characteristics, the alloy has its own classification.

It includes such types of duralumin:

• D1.
• D16.
• D17 and D19.
• D18.

They differ among themselves in the composition and technology of production.

D1 is the very first kind of duralumin. Its name has not changed since 1908. The composition also remained the same (aluminum, copper, magnesium and manganese). Alloy D16 is considered strong and differs from the previous high percentage of magnesium. The Durals of D17 and D19 are heat resistant. D18 is an alloy with a low content of magnesium and copper. It is plastic.

Note. In addition to the main components, silicon and iron are added to the duralumin.

Application area

Dyural is a group of important industrial metals, which played a decisive role in the development of the construction of any objects. Today, this metal is effectively used in shipbuilding, the construction of pipelines for various purposes, the construction of high-speed trains and much more. This is due to high quality indicators of the material, as well as its excellent technical characteristics.

Aluminum, the price per kg of which varies between 50-75 rubles, has long been used in all construction sectors. It is not only plastic, but also a strong metal. It is for this reason that it became the basis for the production of a duralumin alloy.

The appearance of this metal attracted the attention of aircraft designers. In the 20th century, airplanes appeared for the first time, in which the duralumin was the main structural material. It has lost its anti-corrosion resistance due to the use of magnesium and silicon in its production, but has become stronger than aluminum.

Types of products from this metal

Dyural is a high-strength alloy from which various materials are made. They can be used in the household (in the arrangement of private households) and on a production scale.

Of duralumin produce the following materials:

• Pipes;
• Sheets;
• Plates;
• Rods.

Duralumin pipe can be profile and round. They differ in their scope and in some characteristics.

Duralumin pipe markings according to the final processing results:

• "M" - plastic and soft materials.
• "Н" - pipes with a lower strength factor.
• "T" - hardened metals, which underwent the procedure of natural aging.
• "T1" - pipes that have passed the process of hardening and artificial aging.

Note. Most of the products are made from duralumin alloy D16.

Duralumin pipe can be thin-walled or thick-walled. Both kinds are effectively used in construction. The wall thickness of the first type pipe is 0.5 to 5 mm. Section - 6-150 mm. Thick-walled pipes are presented in a larger assortment. Their diameter is 30-300 mm, the wall thickness is 6-40 mm.

Profile pipes of duralumin can also be of various types. Product parameters:

• Length - 1-6 m;
• Section - 10х10-60х60 mm;
• The wall thickness is 1-5 mm.

Important. All materials of this type are made in accordance with GOST.

Dural sheet also became popular in the field of construction. Their thickness varies between 0.3 mm and 10 mm. They have found wide application in exterior finishing works. Transport uses special relief duralumin sheets, which are endowed with anti-slip properties. You can also use this metal in the construction of staircases, wall panels, the creation of partitions and many other structures.

Plates of duralumin in their appearance resemble sheets, only with a larger thickness - 60 mm. With this indicator, the length of the products reaches 500 mm. They are used to build various construction and industrial facilities.

Duralumin rod - solid profile, the cross-section of which can be round, hexagonal and rectangular. Its main advantage is practicality. The material is quite plastic and perfectly cut. The product has a low weight.

Technical characteristics of duralumin

Metal is endowed with excellent quality indicators. This fact played a significant role in its popularity, as well as in the application in various areas of human life.

Dyural is a high-strength metal. Depending on the marking, it is able to withstand various mechanical and physical effects. The alloy can not absorb moisture. Despite this, products made of duralumin are exposed to it.

Note. Duralumin alloy is not endowed with anti-corrosion properties. For this reason, the surface of the products must be painted (protect from moisture).

The melting point of the duralumin is about 650 degrees. Metal is light and practical, reliable and wear-resistant. It can be used in regions with any climatic conditions. A great popularity of the products from the alloy attaches to their low cost.

Disadvantages of duraluminum

Despite the excellent technical performance, the metal has a number of drawbacks. Firstly, the duraline does not withstand electrochemical exposure. Secondly, it can not be combined with cast iron or steel. Third, the melting point of the duralumin is 50 degrees less than that of aluminum. The latter plays an important role in the construction of aircraft or trains.

Production

The process of making the alloy is carried out on high-tech equipment: blast furnaces, firing chambers and much more. The liquid metal is poured into molds and placed in a roasting chamber. In this process, the alloy loses its properties and becomes soft.

After this, it is subjected to a natural aging procedure. It lasts no more than 24 hours at an air temperature of +20 degrees. There is also an artificial aging procedure. For this purpose, the alloy is placed in a special chamber. The process takes about 3-4 hours.

Note. Only after passing through all stages of production do durale acquire high strength and reliability.

It is worth noting that a better quality alloy is considered a natural aging process. The term of its operation is much longer than that of metal with the procedure of artificial aging.