Dolls-self-defense - a master class. Slavic dolls are self-defense. Cloth dolls, amulets

Making dolls-wards with their own hands began in ancient times. Toys were handed down from generation to generation. It was believed that the folk-dolls had a certain power and family energy, helped in times of adversity to their masters, brought happiness to the house, saved from evil spirits.

History

As already mentioned above, Slavic dolls were created, self-defense. All the toys were dressed up in beautiful dresses. Clothes were made with a special meaning. Each outfit meant something of its own. The clothes must have been red. It symbolized warmth, joy, sun, health. In addition, this color protected from troubles and evil eye. Folk dolls-amulets were created faceless. Even at the time of paganism, it was believed that if a toy has a face, then a spirit will inevitably settle in it, which can harm the house, family, children. In addition, it is also "extra eyes". However, even without a face, the toys took over the mood of their owners. According to legend, the first doll-charmer was Collodia. It was made in ancient times. People associate a special story with this toy. In the past, it was a custom to sacrifice women to pagan deities. But someone once decided to commit a substitution. Before the ceremony they took a log and dressed him in a sarafan, a colorful scarf. He was given to the deities instead of a living woman. From that time on, they began to make such a doll before the New Year and give it to Moroz. At that time people knew how severe winter could be and frosts in the spring were dangerous. To cajole during the holiday of Frost, the "clad" birch log was burned at the stake, while saying:

Frost, Frost,

Come to Christmas,

Do not ruin the wheat in spring

Every pashnitsu.

Like a log baked, so, it was believed, and a year would pass. This rite went from Western European culture. The Slavs did not burn their dolls. It was believed that the toy personified the patroness of the family, mother. On the eve of the New Year they made a doll-amulet "Day and Night." During the daytime, the head of the toy was wrapped in a light kerchief. At night they put on a dark one. This doll was protecting the house.

Making Toys

All Slavic dolls, amulets, created by their own hands, were simple and uncomplicated. For stuffing used different materials. Basically it was ash, flax tow, grain. From generation to generation, the way of creating toys was transmitted. How did the folk doll-self-defense? For the toys were characterized exclusively by female characters: a long braid, a skirt. An important detail was the breast - it was a reminder of the connection with the cult of motherhood and fertility. The image of toys was recognizable and quite real at that time. It reflects typical characters, peasant life.

Value

Toys were created not only for children's entertainment and home protection. The made doll-amulet with its own hands attached children to work. During the game, girls, for example, learned to sew, spin, embroider. By creating toys independently, children acquired new skills, developed fantasy. From an early age, thanks to the dolls-amulet, the child learned the importance of the mother, the woman, began to understand her function of giving life, educating in caring and love, feeding, transferring traditions by inheritance. So from a small age, respect for the home, the way of life of a peasant family, interest in folk culture was cultivated. In addition, the very process of creating a toy acted calmingly - helped to relax, feel the joy of the beauty born in their own hands.

Traditions today

In the modern world, the issue of preserving and caring for people's culture is quite acute. Adults should try to introduce the younger generation to national Russian traditions, customs, history, so that children can understand the grandeur and antiquity. One of the sources of this heritage today may well be a doll-amulet. Revival of the old traditions promotes immersion in the mysterious and enchanting world of ancestors. How did our ancestors create their own dolls? The master class, which will be shown below, will illustrate the sequence with which this process took place. In a fairly simple at first glance, you can see a depth that you do not even suspect. In the process there is mystery, because secrets have come down to us from the very antiquity.

Dolls-amulet with their own hands. Master Class

Let's start with creating a toy-woman with babies in her arms. It was believed that this image was very strong. Such a doll was given with the wishes of peace and prosperity in the family, joyful, confident and peaceful existence. The toy was symbolized by a married woman and gave birth to children. For our ancestors, the ability to give birth was of particular importance. The joy of motherhood reflected the well-being of women. The toy was created when they wanted or already expected the child. She was also given a wedding, wishing healthy and strong children, as well as honorable guests, thus showing respect. This toy, which has survived from the depths of centuries to our days, can rightly be considered a model of folk art. To make it easier to understand how the dolls were created with their own hands, the master class will be divided into several stages.

Preparation

Before you make a doll-charm with your own hands, you should prepare everything you need, namely:

- coarse cotton fabric ;

- Scraps of multicolored matter;

- lace;

- Canvas;

- sintepon;

- scissors;

- thread floss (red);

- the needle.

The first thing to do is twist. To do this, take a piece of cotton cloth 30x40 cm approximately, bend it in half. Next, you need to exactly and tightly twist the "column". Its height will be 15 cm. Over the entire height, the twine will be tied with red thread. A little rounded then head, taking a sintepon. Denote the neck by threads. Next, take a square of coarse cotton fabric (its size is 20x20). We put it on the head, fix it along the neck line with a red thread. Now you need to make your hands. We turn the corner by a centimeter and a half, fold the edges to the middle. From the edge, at a distance of about 1 cm, we'll make a toy a palm and pull the fabric. After the strapping, the threads do not need to be cut off. Then we make the waist. We are tying it tightly with the place where it will be.

clothing

We make a skirt now. To do this, take a color flap 12x30 cm. On the cut from the top you need to make a line and a small assembly. We will wrap our doll with a flap inside the face, we will tie it tightly around the waist with a thread. Then we turn and straighten it. Next, we make an apron from the canvas, pulling along the edge of the thread. You can embroider for beauty some simple drawing. The apron is located in the center of the skirt, inside the face. With the help of a thread, we pull it around the waist and then straighten it. Around the head we tie a piece of lace. Then you need to make a kerchief, for this we cut out a triangle from the fabric and tied it to the head. On the hands it will be necessary to tie the strings - in fact there will be more babies to be held. Then we do the baby. First we twist a column of a piece of coarse cloth. The size of the flap is 10x7 cm. We twist it tightly and tie it with a red thread. Cut out the kerchief from the white fabric and tie it to the head. For the diaper, you need to take a flap 10x13 cm. Gently swaddle, bending the edges inside, so that the threads do not protrude. We also do the second baby. Now we give the kids to mother. This is how you create your own doll-charm. Let's consider another variant.

Motanka

First a few words about the meaning of this toy. The guard in the form of this doll was given to play to the child or hung over his crib. Often it was stuffed with aromatic herbs. With a growing moon, the pupa was sentenced to health, good immunity, and when decreasing, they were ordered to get rid of problems and cure diseases. How did this doll-self-defense be created? The diagram illustrating the process is as follows.

Prepare all you need:

- a piece of white fabric (chintz or coarse calico), measuring 15x20 centimeters (from it we'll make a head);

- colored flaps:

• Approximately 18x18 pieces for handles;
• 15x30 or 35 for the skirt;
• 13х5 - for the apron;
• 15-20 - for the lower handkerchief;
• Triangle with sides of 22 cm (from which will be the upper handkerchief).

Still need a bag filled with grass (thyme, wormwood, chamomile, oregano, mint). Its size is about 4.5 x 6 centimeters. To unwind the toy you will need threads (cotton, wool, flax - any), for a cross on your face - colored thread (cotton or floss). If desired, you can take more lace, braid or any ribbon for decoration.

Create a toy

The bag is reeled and tied in a rectangle of white fabric. To wind the cross on your face, you need to hold the thread with your right hand over the head vertically, from front to back, fixing the beginning of the thread with your finger. Then it must be secured, wrapped around the neck. Then, in parallel, we lay out the thread, winding up from the front. Then we lay this thread horizontally. You need to fix it in the same way - around the neck. Then lay out another color, wrapping the head with another thread, parallel to the previous one. It will be beautiful if the filaments lie side by side. Next, we'll put the toy in the bottom kerchief. We fix it, wrapping it again with a thread. Next we'll make the pens, making a flap several times. Attach them to the doll better crosswise. The skirt can be assembled with a needle on the thread, or you can simply stick it to the toy. Then we fix also apron, we will tie up the upper handkerchief. In the end, we will bandage the doll with a girdle. That's how the dolls used to protect themselves. The master class given in the article shows how simple this process was.