Chronic periodontitis: symptoms, types and treatment

Chronic periodontitis is more dangerous for the body than acute, because it proceeds without painful attacks and thus does not cause noticeable anxiety. Some pain may appear when pressure is applied to the tooth or a tapping on it. Since the onset of the disease, the inflammatory process is constantly developing, which can lead to irreparable consequences. The fact is that together with such complications as abscess and phlegmon of cellulose, the chronic form causes diseases of the whole organism, because it promotes the spread of the infection to the internal organs, which leads to the development of glomerulonephritis, rheumatism and heart diseases.

As a rule, progressive deformation of the tissue is what underlies the disease. Chronic periodontitis may eventually spread from one tooth to its neighbors. Very often it affects those teeth that are badly or poorly sealed. As a rule, in this case there is no acute pain, which does not cause a person any anxiety and does not make you quickly contact a dentist. In general, this cause can cause and acute periodontitis, but in this case there is a dull aching pain, which becomes stronger when the patient's tooth is touched.

The chronic form of the disease has several types, which differ in the form of the course of the disease and the nature of tissue deformation. So, there is a fibrous, granulating and granulomatous periodontitis.

Fibrous type is characterized by pathological changes in connective tissue. When damage occurs, immunity produces a substance that helps connective tissue cells synthesize collagen and fibronectin. And the destruction of old collagen cells slows down in the meantime. As a result of these processes, the periodontium becomes denser, which then leads to the formation of scars.

Fibrous chronic periodontitis does not have a pronounced symptomatology. The person does not feel any discomfort, changes in the mucous gums are not observed. As a rule, the disease can be detected only on the roentgenogram.

Granulating periodontitis is characterized by damage to the bone tissue, which leads to its resorption. Outwardly, it can be determined by the presence of an external fistulous course, in the redness and swelling of the tissue in the affected area. Fistula appears not only on the gum, but also on the face. As a rule, granulating periodontitis in children is more common than in adults, which is explained by the specific structure of bone tissue.

The granulomatous type is characterized by the formation of a protective film on the affected area. Formed the so-called granuloma, which can be represented:

• One granulomatous tissue;
• Granulomas with epithelial bundles;
• A connective tissue, where from the inside is a layer of epithelium.

The formation of granulomas does not cause discomfort and does not have any visual signs of its development. Granulomatous chronic periodontitis can be felt by the pain syndrome that occurs when pressing on the tooth. As a rule, it is this type of disease that leads to infections of internal organs, because the infection constantly gets into the blood and lymph.

The treatment of periodontitis in one form or another depends on the intensity of its development, on the degree of neglect and on the cause that caused its occurrence. In general, all measures (drugs, mechanical treatment, sealing, ultrasound) are aimed at restoring the damaged tooth, but if the affected area is too large, the tooth is to be removed.

Remember that chronic periodontitis very often does not have any symptoms, so visit the dentist regularly to prevent serious consequences for your health.