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Biography Vertinsky Alexander Nikolaevich, his creative heritage. The Vertinsky family

Alexander Vertinsky lived a long and interesting life. He had to end badly in all respects - become a bandit, go to jail or die from cocaine. So Alexander Vertinsky thought about himself. Biography, personal life, the fate of other people similar to him, all this only confirm. However, God kept it, and, contrary to the obvious, the star of the artist brightly and confidently shone with an original talent during his life, continuing to shine with a quiet magical light and in our days.

In this article we will talk about what kind of person was Alexander Vertinsky. Biography, personal life, children of the famous chansonnier will also not be ignored.

Songs

The performance of songs by Vertinsky can not be forgotten, forgotten or confused with the performance of another artist. His mannerisms, cutesy pronunciation, stretching words and the original arrangement of accents always attracted attention and forced to stop and listen.

The content of the lyrics often does not correspond much to the intonation chosen by Vertinsky for filing from the stage. After wearing Pierrot's costume, covering his face with whites, drawing thin lips and broken eyebrows, he acts as a mime, playing the role of a deeply unhappy, lonely man.

It is impossible to forget the "Junkers", "About us and their homeland", "Magnolia", "Yellow Angel", "Little Creole", "I laugh today today", "Lilac Negro", "The Lord's Ball", "Yours Fingers smell of incense "or" I'm a little ballerina ". These days Alexander Domogarov, Tatyana Kabanova, Boris Grebenshchikov, Alexander F. Sklyar and some other artists perform his songs with great taste and delicacy, trying to preserve the magic created around them by a wonderful master.

Childhood

Biography Vertinsky is in his published memoirs. He wrote them, having already returned to the Soviet Union. Some dates, Alexander Nikolaevich, after a long time ago, forgot and brings them about, but the whole story is very interesting and rich in rich details. The difficult circumstances of their children's lives are interspersed with memories of the pre-revolutionary life of the people of Kiev, relatives and acquaintances of the future artist.

He lost his parents early and was put into the care of one of the mother's sisters - the old maid. What kind of upbringing could a young boy get from a woman who grew up in a family in which, with the exception of her father, there were only women - mother and four daughters? It so happened that the family Vertinsky (biography - a confirmation of this) for our hero, both at a young age, and at sunset life was a woman's kingdom.

Brilliantly withstood the entrance exams in the most prestigious gymnasium, Alexander was not able to fall in love with his studies. He writes with dislike about teachers who not only did not understand and did not like children, but also as if they had no idea of child psychology. Most likely, it was so. The future of the famous artist was left several times for the second year and two times excluded from educational institutions.

The aunt did not indulge her nephew. He grew thin, long and constantly hungry. As for gifts, moderation was practiced against them. He was glad when he once received the ball, but the toy was with a hole and did not have the proper jumping ability.

Alexander Nikolaevich with enthusiasm remembers about how delicious and intricate dishes his grandmother prepared, what wide and plentiful feasts were on the great church holidays. It was real happiness, which became one of the warmest memories of early childhood. Biography Vertinsky - a biography of the life of a man looking for a quiet harbor, reminiscent of early childhood, when parents, sister, grandparents were alive, and each family member was surrounded by the care and love of dear people. Subsequently, he devoted many pages of his manuscripts to the life and cuisine of different peoples, whom he met in emigration.

In his school years, Sasha learned to smoke, steal and lie virtuously. The crime was pushed by the fear of punishments for poor progress in gymnasium disciplines and hunger, which tormented the growing boy constantly. Cheap pies required some kopecks. And where can I get them? For pocket expenses, they did not give him anything. Most likely, such a trifle simply did not occur to his trustee. First he picked up coins with the boys in the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra. Pilgrims threw them directly at the holy relics, and the guys, pretending that they were bending to kiss the shrine, collected money with their mouths. Soon the monks noticed the cunning of the children and began to look more closely at the safety of the donations.

Alexander Nikolaevich does not describe other ways of obtaining cash, but mentions that they played gambling, speculated, did not abhor theft and the sale of stolen goods.

In the end, the aunt drove him out of the house. He spent the night in the porches, with friends and casual acquaintances.

Vertinsky writes that he is ashamed of much in life, but to keep silent all shameful things would be wrong. Autobiographical works often represent authors in a better light than they really are, and he did not want the reader to perceive it in a distorted, emasculated form. We are very interested, what kind of personality is the singer Vertinsky? His biography is an honest story about the fact that this man was forever gone. Do not live by the past - the credo of Alexander Nikolaevich. He said that to run to the cemetery in a skydive - the best fate for a man like him. Sad digging in grievances is the most hopeless business. Raising someone else's child is difficult, and he is grateful to his mother's sister for kindness, care and shelter.

Birth of the Russian Pierrot

By twenty-four years, Alexander had nothing to do in Kiev. It is interesting that in the depths of his soul only with the theatrical stages and with nothing else connected his future Alexander Vertinsky. The biography of the artist testifies that his first experiments at the theater were not successful. Nevertheless, at least, at home, that is, in Kiev, he acquired some skills of public speaking. In Moscow, he quickly established interesting acquaintances in the midst of bohemia. After proving to be a member of the literary and art salon of Sophia Nikolayevna Zelinskaya, Vertinsky met Mikhail Kuzmin, Benedikt Livshits, Kazimir Malevich, Alexander Osmyorkin. In their literary heritage one can find references to our hero. It was forever under the cocaine dope and breaking comedy "clown". Yes, he did not immediately become a refined aristocrat Alexander Vertinsky. Biography, personal life, photos - these and other interesting information about the artist and the development of his personality today are of concern to many. So, let's continue.

Moving to Moscow was pure water adventure. Did Alexander Vertinsky understand this at the time? The biography of a twenty-year-old boy does not contain facts that point to the practicality of the decisions he makes. No money, no recommendations, no profession behind. A little experience of writing reviews on theatrical productions and several published stories gave him hope for the possibility of a literary career. He finally became firmly established in his decision to become a writer after several unsuccessful work experiences: a trader, a loader, an artist, a proofreader in a publishing house and even an accountant in a hotel.

Moscow is a city of possibilities. So thought and the future famous singer Alexander Vertinsky. The biography of the artist is closely connected with the capital. Having settled with Nadia's sister in the famous Kozitsky lane, in the house of Bakhrushin, Vertinsky began to visit all kinds of exhibitions, plays, debates and other places of the beau monde cluster. Dating with futurist poets, Symbolists, Acmeists, etc., contributed to the image that Vertinsky Alexander invented for himself. A brief biography of the singer shows that their special perception of the world, in particular Blok's mysticism, Mayakovsky's shock and urgency, and the lilting of Igor Severyanin, played a major role in choosing Vertinsky's stage image.

Cocaine

The beginning of the last century is firmly associated with the fashion for cocaine and morphine. With their help they treated a lot of diseases - from influenza and gout to insomnia and simple decline of strength. They were sold in pharmacies to all comers. They were very cheap. They fell into the pool of cocaine addiction and brother and sister Vertinsky. Here is how AN Vertinsky writes about this. The biography of the artist in general, as you can see, is extremely interesting. Alexander Nikolaevich was lucky. In Moscow, near him was a soul mate. His older sister Nadia understood him better than anyone else, was caring and caring with him. They liked to sit in the evenings on the couch and remember the past. In early childhood, after the death of their parents, the children were separated. Both were brought up from their mother's relatives, but for some absurd reason they did not communicate. Sasha was assured that her sister had died. Their meeting happened accidentally.

Teen Alexander was fond of theater and once on the billboard of some Kiev theater among the performers saw a familiar surname - N. N. Vertinskaya. He wrote a letter and offered to meet. NN was Nadezhda, his own sister. They are very close and really made friends.

Initially, the drug gave confidence, helped to liberate and gave the illusion of success and happiness. So writes himself Vertinsky. Biography, a short version of which is in any modern encyclopedia of Russian art of the Silver Age, never misses this episode. We will also highlight it. Over time, among the environment of Vertinsky, cases of mental disorders and suicides began to increase. Hallucinations started with Alexander. He was frightened and intending to put an end to the dangerous hobby. He found the address of the famous psychiatrist in the capital, Professor N. N. Bazhenov, and went to see him. He voiced two treatment options. One - several years in the clinic for the mentally ill. The second is the patient's own will, supported by heavy physical exertion. This was in 1914. There was a war with the Kaiser Germany. Vertinsky got a job as a hospital attendant for a train, which took the wounded from the front line to Moscow. For a few months - from the end of 1914 to early January 1915 he made about 35,000 dressings. Cocaine dependence forever left him. In his absence, Nadya died from an overdose in Moscow. Alexander could not find the place of her death, nor the grave.

Emigration

Alexander Nikolaevich writes that his wanderings around the world were not an escape from the Soviet regime. The new state structure of Russia was not perceived by him as hostile. He traveled across countries and continents along with the flow of emigrants. The biography of Vertinsky is the story of an adventurer, a researcher of new lands and peoples. The theatrical-poetic environment, actors, writers and their fans for the first few years kept quite closely. As they say, until they sold all the family diamonds and did not squander talent. Many fell asleep and impoverished. Russian-speaking writers, fashionable and respected at home, were unclaimed abroad. It is difficult to write in a foreign language, in order to understand the mentality and be interesting to the public, one must be born in this country.

The Lord favored Alexander Nikolaevich. Half-heartedly, half-seriously, he said somehow that when God looked through the personal affairs of his charges, he asked who this Pierosha was, that he worked on bandaging injured fighters in an ambulance train in a car for the seriously injured. He was told that it was an artist performing sad songs. The Lord, having looked at how the young man works, appointed him such a fate: "Multiply the number of bandages he made per million and return them to him in applause." True or not, few of the representatives of the world of art can boast that all his life, in various countries of the world, he was in demand and well-paid artist, speaking only one Russian language. What is this, if not a gift that only one of the fates received from the fate - the Russian Piero Alexander Vertinsky? Biography, personal life, interests and amazing circumstances that we know about him, show a man of the noble, who knows how much and hard to work, sparing no health and not chasing after personal comfort. He was one of those who get the greatest pleasure from the joy of other people, whether they are spectators from the concert hall, little daughters or Lidia's beloved wife Vertinsky, whose biography is given below.

The melodious recitative and the beautiful expressive grace of the pale and delicate Pierrot made him listen to the words of his languid and decadent songs, imbued with their intonations. It was worth it to say "Above the Rose of the Sea," and the room sank into silence. In Vertinskoye there was some aristocratic magic. He controlled the mood of the public, like a mystic or hypnotist.

Alexander Nikolaevich lived at different times in Turkey, France, Romania, Austria, Hungary, Germany, Poland, Palestine, Egypt, Libya, Lebanon, America and China. His wanderings lasted almost 25 years. A favorite of women, a friend of kings, grand dukes, politicians, cardinals and millionaires, a regular for closed clubs for the elite, a friend of the stars of the world theater and cinema scene, he all these years warmly remembered his homeland, wrote poems about her, was interested in news and waited for permission to return.

Homecoming

In November 1943, the wanderings of the Russian lands of Pierrot ended. Alexander Nikolayevich received permission to return to the Soviet Union. Together with him went his young wife, a tiny daughter, mother-in-law and her mother. I must say that permission was given to return from emigration. Most of them regretted their decision, and those who stayed or were compelled to write flattering and deceitful praises of Soviet power, or, failing to understand and accept a new system, perished from alcoholism and obscurity. The wife of Vertinsky, his biography, his personal life and all his interests until his death were connected with only one man - Alexander Nikolaevich.

During the years of emigration Vertinsky was not forgotten in the USSR. While he was absent, parodists and imitators performed in his image and under his surname. Thus, he did not have to win the audience's interest from scratch. In the Soviet Union he was remembered and waited.

Soon the second child appeared in the family. Now there were five people in the care of Alexander Nikolaevich. With this state of affairs, it was not necessary to be bored or discouraged. Two tiny daughters and the wife of Vertinsky Lydia, whose biography was now inextricably linked with his own, demanded a very balanced approach to the plans for the future. Of course, Lydia, girls, mother-in-law and her mother were comfort and support for Alexander Nikolayevich, but women could not provide themselves. Vertinsky began to tour the country, giving several concerts a day. He wrote that he was chasing a long ruble. Its routes passed along the farthest points, where the metropolitan celebrities never traveled - the Far East, the Far North, Chukotka, the Russian island, the southern regions - the Caucasus, Crimea, Kuban. Communication with the family took place in the form of letters. He rarely found himself at home on the birthdays of his favorite girls and on holidays. If he did not give concerts, then he did a movie. Thanks to the surviving letters, we have the opportunity to better know this wonderful person.

Pecochka

"What will I leave to you after death?" Only education, "Vertinsky once wrote to his wife. Lydia Tsirgvava was younger than him for 34 years. When they got married, she was barely 19 years old. Soon one after another, the daughters Marianna and Anastasia were born.

Alexander Nikolaevich insisted that his wife graduate. She entered the Surikov Art Institute. All the years of study, her husband helped her in everything, starting with advice on the study of disciplines and ending with the writing of coursework, diploma, practice, relationships with classmates and teachers. In touching and tender letters he addressed her: Pekochka, Lilochka, Munichka, called strict and divine, beautiful and harsh, always interested in her desires and hobbies. I bought scarce cosmetics, clothes and shoes, liked to make pleasant surprises in the form of jewelry, perfume or rare books.

Touring life did not spoil the artist with comfort. Often, Alexander Nikolayevich had to fight with cold, hunger and rats. Traveling along the Trans-Urals brought a lot of money, but they were badly undermining health. In the letters, the artist does not burden his young wife, who is in charge of two small daughters, but sometimes read them rather sadly.

Lydia Vladimirovna's recommendations during her work in the cinema are interesting. During her short marriage, she starred in small roles in five films - Sadko, Don Quixote and The New Adventures of a Cat in Boots, Kievlyanka and The Kingdom of Crooked Mirrors. Exotic, some kind of even unearthly appearance, cold temperament, icy, as if piercing, look - that's how her heroines look. The husband told her how to talk, how to stick before the movie camera. He led it, he thoughtfully and responsibly educated. Not being a big admirer of painting, Alexander Nikolaevich very accurately recognized the essence of Lydia Vladimirovna's artistic talent, therefore his thoughts on how to act to discover and realize his gift were ideally placed on suitable soil.

This marriage was the second in the artist's life. The first wife, Polka Rakhil Pototskaya, could not tolerate the spouse's novels on the side. Children they did not have, so the union broke up. In the thirtieth year the couple parted.

With Lidia Tsirgvava, Alexander Nikolayevich lived for 15 years. When he died, she was only 34 years old. The second time she did not marry. After 56 years of widowhood, Lydia Vladimirovna quietly fell to the voice of her husband, who sang from the tape "Your fingers smell of incense": "

"And when the spring messenger

You will go to the blue edge,

The Lord himself on the white staircase

Lead you to a radiant paradise. "

So beautifully left the world wife Vertinsky. Biography of the charming wife of the sad Pierrot ended divinely-sublime, as it should end in fairy-tale lovers.

Daughters

Alexander Vertinsky has a very sweet, gentle and slightly sad song "Daughters." Two of his daughters, Marianna and Anastasia, until the death of Alexander Nikolayevich were surrounded by the constant care of his father. During the tour, he bought them clothes and gifts, carried fruits, sweets. In one letter, from somewhere in Central Asia, he writes that he will bring lamb and a delicious dried persimmon "korolev." In the Soviet Union in those years with food and light industry products were big problems. Father considered it his duty to give the girls as much as a loving father can. And he loved them selflessly and spoiled with all his heart. Reading his letters and memories, you can see that he constantly and systematically engaged in their education. He raised daughters by women who respected their human dignity, and this is a trait that was almost completely absent in their Soviet contemporaries, regardless of their social status.

Both daughters became beautiful and famous actresses, as well as the most charming beauties, who turned heads to a lot of interesting men.

Cinema

Remembering Alexander Vertinsky, you can not ignore his work in the cinema.

The actor's talent of Alexander Nikolaevich began to look for an exit rather early. Still living in Kiev, a teenager, Sasha tried to study in a theater studio and participated in productions, playing small roles. He did not get a special education, and when he tried to enter the Moscow Art Theater, it was in 1913, his candidacy was rejected. The reason is the defect of diction. The first serious lessons in acting he received at the Theater of Miniatures M. A. Artsybusheva. The funny song "Tango" performed by him from behind the scenes was noted by a critic of one of the capital's newspapers in a review of the city's cultural news.

Roles Alexander Nikolaevich small, but the ability to accurately and vividly show the characters of the aristocrats he was not equal. The prince in Anna on the neck is an intelligent, subtle, well-educated and internally disgusted nobleman of nobility.

For the role of cardinal in the movie "Conspiracy of the Doomed" he received the Stalin Prize. The character is negative, a lot of the material was not included in the rolling version, and nevertheless the General Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee found it right to reward the actor. Vertinsky insisted that he be given the opportunity to remake the role at his own discretion, for what he was supposed to play was more like a caricature-the Kiev pop in Catholic dress. Having experience of communication with these cardinals, he managed to create an expressive and reliable Catholic priest of the upper class.

Second Life

Almost sixty years went after the death of the Russian Pierrot. Alexander Vertinsky, biography, personal life, songs and the epistolary heritage of this amazing person are still interested in many.

On March 9, 1989, one hundred years have passed since the birth of Alexander Vertinsky. Since this year, the second, posthumous, life of the artist began - discs with his songs, films about him began to be published, his own books of memories - "Dear Long ...", "A Quarter of a Century Without a Homeland" and "Behind the Scenes" were published. By that time the contemporaries and friends of the artist had not survived. At the time of Alexander Nikolaevich's death, his daughters were very small: Marianne of eight, and Anastasia - seven years old, so they can not say anything significant about the father, only a few amusing cases from their childhood. Biography Vertinsky quite vividly and in detail described by him in the first two books. By the way, they served as the basis for several documentaries.

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