Avidity antibodies are ... Avidity antibodies IgG to cytomegalovirus

Avidity antibodies - a parameter that considers the strength of antigen binding to antibodies. The indicator is used to analyze the resistance of an organism to a specific infection. Assess health before pregnancy, monitor the health status of people with immunodeficiency.

On what is the definition of immunity stability

Strength testing is carried out for IgG immunoglobulin. Avidity of antibodies is an indicator capable of giving full information about whether a person will become infected with infections: toxoplasmosis, cytomegalovirus, rubella. However, the protection of the body appears only in those people who have already been ill or have used the vaccine.

Antibody avidity is a value determined by the following parameters:

• The affinity of the antibody for the antigen.
• The number of antigen-binding centers in antibody molecules.
• Features of the bulk structure of the antigen.

Avidity of antibodies is an indicator that helps predict the cure of already sick people, quantify the state of immunity, diagnose current infection with cytomegalovirus or toxoplasmosis. The latter diseases are dangerous for the health of a pregnant woman. Infections can cause pathologies in the fetal structure, lead to disruption of the internal systems of the body.

How does natural defense develop?

After infection enters the human body immediately begins to develop antibodies IgM. The next stage of the immune response is the formation of low-like IgG. Gradually, the connection with the antigen increases, the period of its strengthening depends on the characteristics of the human body.

Highly-viscous communication effectively protects the body from ongoing infection and subsequent infections. The main is the avidity of IgG antibodies, the quantitative determination is made by laboratory methods.

Why is it necessary to control immunity?

To determine the avidity of antibodies to toxoplasmosis is needed for every woman, preferably before pregnancy planning. Also tested for cytomegalovirus. The main danger is primary infection, it is under such conditions that a negative effect on the fetus is observed.

In the chronic type of disease avidity of IgG antibodies to cytomegalovirus or toxoplasmosis can be significantly higher: immunity reliably protects the health of the future child. However, the association with antigens can decrease with the next activation of the internal infection. Therefore, women are necessarily checked early in pregnancy.

In laboratories, the analysis is called "diagnosis on TORCH-infection." Recently, he has been instrumental in the prevention of pathologies. It is important to examine women for toxoplasmosis, rubella and cytomegalovirus. These are the main infections that cause pathologies with high probability.

Method for diagnosing infection with Toxoplasma gondii

Interpretation of the results occurs only after the quantitative avidity of antibodies to toxoplasmosis has been determined. Research indicators often have common standard values.

Here are practical versions of the analysis and an appropriate interpretation:

• Up to 0.3 - it follows that low avidity. Protection of the body is practically absent. When meeting with toxoplasma infection is inevitable, the effect on the fetus is as negative as possible. If a woman is already pregnant, then she needs to be extremely careful and avoid contact with cats and mice until immunity is strengthened.
• More than 0.35 - doctors are confident in the health of women. To fear for the health of the unborn child does not follow.
• The range of indicators from 0.3 to 0.35 does not provide an opportunity to guarantee a positive outcome of the disease after infection.

It should be remembered that the incubation period of toxoplasmosis can be up to 4 months after infection. The result does not show a deviation of health until the infection manifests itself.

Method for diagnosis of CMV infection

If we consider the avidity of IgG antibodies to a cytomegalovirus, the risk for a woman occurs at values below 0.3. The timing of the latent course of the disease is less than that of toxoplasmosis, and can be up to 3 months. Dangerous is the primary infection and complicated conditions of active forms of the virus with other inflammations in the body.

At values greater than 0.35, a safe phase of the disease is guaranteed if there is a re-infection. Boundary indicators do not allow making unambiguous conclusions about the state of immunity. It will be necessary to do a second analysis to confirm the results of the previous survey.

Often in the process of diagnosis, two immunoglobulins are detected: IgM and IgG. This indicates infection within the last 3 months. Such tests will be disappointing: doctors warn a pregnant woman about possible consequences. She decides whether to continue the pregnancy. Antibodies to IgM do not give an opportunity to assess the state of immunity, as they are often detected one year after infection, when the infection is no longer dangerous.

Method for diagnosing infection Rubella

When pregnancy is also important avidity antibodies to rubella. This disease is not dangerous at primary infection in a healthy person. But a woman who is preparing to become a mother increases the risk of having a child with a pathology or completely lose it.

Avidity is measured in%, the state of immunity is diagnosed according to the following values:

• Up to 50% is low avidity. They draw conclusions about infection of a woman within the last 3 months.
• From 51 to 69% - the controversial values.
• More than 70% - the state of immunity is normal. Rubella is not dangerous to the health of the baby.

To determine avidity, the analysis of venous blood is taken. The results make it possible to predict the formation of pathologies in the fetus and stop the unwanted pregnancy. A harmless disease for the woman during primary infection leads to the formation of a heart defect in the fetus, to an increase in the size of internal organs, affects the central nervous system. It is better to prevent the serious consequences of giving simple tests than to get a child with developmental disabilities.

How do they increase protection?

The main way to increase the indicators of avidity is to get sick with rubella or toxoplasma. These two ailments occur against the background of colds and do not pose a threat to the body. But here it is recommended to place vaccines against cytomegalovirus, because its active forms can lead to serious consequences.

At low values of the tests, it is recommended to vaccinate against cytomegalovirus, rubella and toxoplasma before pregnancy. Definition of avidity of antibodies is carried out after 3 months or later. After confirming the positive for the health results about the normal course of pregnancy and the birth of a healthy baby, you can not worry.