Agricultural machine for cleaning and sorting grain

Without agriculture it is impossible to imagine the life of modern man. This industry in the economy supplies food and other raw materials to other components of the industry. In order to keep the agricultural complex's products for a long time, it is necessary to create acceptable conditions, as well as properly carry out threshing, for which machines are used to clean the grain of impurities.

Grain-cleaning machine

Grain cleaning machine is an agricultural unit that performs seed cleaning, as well as its sorting according to different characteristics, dimensions, roughness, density and color.

The principle of operation is based on:

• Properties of aerodynamics;
• Sizes;
• Density, shape, condition of the seed surface;
• Their elasticity, color and electrophysical properties.

The machine for cleaning grain is capable of:

• Cleanse seeds with air flow;
• To divide the grains, depending on the size, on the grids;
• Produce threshing by air flow;
• To divide the seeds along the length on the triera;
• Clean and sort the grains by density;
• To divide the seed by appearance using cameras and engineers.

Cleaning of grain

Purity is considered to be the most important indicator of seed quality. When harvesting, other impurities of grains may also be caught. After cleaning, the grain is cleaned.

What are the impurities and purification goals?

Grain cleaning is carried out from three types of impurities:

1. Cereal. It includes: damaged, sprouted, frail and crushed grains.
2. Weed. Presented: clods of earth, sand, slags, foliage, stems, seeds of wild weeds, pests.
3. Harmful. It poses a huge danger to animals and humans. It includes poisonous plants.

Also, impurities are separable and difficult to separate. The first can be removed using traditional methods, and the latter - with the help of special equipment.

If the grain cleaning machine is correctly adjusted, then on the fields it is possible to remove as much as possible the light organic impurities from the seeds. And if the areas are clogged with weeds, the grain is cleaned after harvesting. Also, moldy, crushed seeds must be removed. Necessarily the mixture is divided into fractions:

• Seed of the first grade;
• Grain of the second grade;
• Impurities of large sizes;
• Waste is small.

This fractionation process is called separation.

Calculation of grain cleaning

The calculation is carried out using a variety of formulas. The methodology itself is described in the instruction on keeping records and processing transactions with grain. According to this document, the calculation is carried out when the grain is deposited and displayed in warehouse documents. If there is a re-registration (after the completion of the grain), then the calculated mass is not calculated. This mass is used to conduct various types of cash settlements, also for purchases with collateral.

So what is the calculated (calculated) weight of the grain? This indicator denotes the physical mass of the grain culture, which is reduced by the estimated value of the weight of the deviations to the moisture and impurity conditions in the seed. The formula of calculated mass:

Crediting mass = physical mass - physical mass * (percent reduction of impurity + percentage of moisture reduction) / 100)

Calculation of this formula occurs only if the grain requires some refinement. When the drying and cleaning of the grain is done, the weight is reduced by the amount of moisture loss and impurities. All processes and activities should be necessary.

How to improve the economy during the cleaning of grain

Seeds come on the current, you need to make a lot of effort, so that the entire volume was sold at a decent price. How can this be achieved and how to settle so that the costs do not exceed the profit?

• First of all, the grain is separated from garbage and waste.
• Then the drying process should be normalized and not damage the seeds.
• There is a separation of the grain mass into various fractions, grades and classes.
• And, as the last stage, you need to protect the grain from technological blockage.

Agricultural machine for cleaning and sorting the grain will help to cope in the first and third stage.

Systematization of grain cleaning machines

Grain cleaning machines are classified:

1. By appointment: general and special. General purpose machines are used for primary and secondary cleaning, sorting. Special purpose machines are used for auxiliary and special seed treatment.
2. According to the principle of action and composition of working structures, general-purpose machines: air-screen, air, tri-air and air-trellised-triernye.
3. By the way of movement: stationary and mobile.

Grain cleaning and sorting machine

Grain is considered the basis of agriculture. After processing, flour is obtained, which will be used as raw materials for the production of food products: bread, biscuits, pastry and pasta, cereals. As demand increases every year for this type of products, it is necessary to purchase high-quality equipment - a key moment in grain processing.

How to choose a machine of this type?

Processing and cleaning of grain occurs in several stages. First of all, you need to process the grain, cleanse the impurities. To ensure this process, a grain cleaning machine is used. It is this equipment that is responsible for the efficiency of the operations performed, as well as for the quality of the finished products.

To perform the cleaning of the grain, it is necessary that the machine be provided technically in accordance with what the production needs are allocated for.

Agricultural machine for cleaning grain can be of several types:

• The air-sieve separator is designed for cleaning seeds from light, small and large impurities.
• The stone separator is used to remove stones, glasses and other non-magnetic impurities.
• Triter is intended for cleaning grain from impurities that are less or more than the size of the seeds.
• The magnetic separator is used for cleaning grain from magnetic impurities.

The most expedient is the use of equipment capable of clearing the grain of all kinds of impurities that may be present in it. Therefore, it is worth paying great attention to mechanization and automation.

Grain pre-treatment machines

This type of machine is designed for cleaning grain from all types of impurities. The following are their peculiarities:

• They consume little energy;
• Easy to reconfigure for any type of crop;
• Agricultural machine for grain cleaning is reliable in operation;
• Impeccable work;
• Have effective aspiration for cleaning grain from light impurities;
• Great value.

The most popular models of pre-cleaning machines include:

1. MPO-5. It has a power of 5.9 kW, small in size. Weight - 1.2 tons. Capable for 60 minutes to clean: 18 tons of wheat, corn and 5 tons of sunflower seeds.
2. MPO-2.5. It has a power of 3.7 kW, small in size. Weight - 0.84 tons. Capable for 60 minutes to clean: 9 tons of wheat, corn and 2.5 tons of sunflower seeds.
3. IGO-50. It has a power of 7.5 kW, small in size. Weight - 1,041 tons. Able to clear 50 tons of grain in 60 minutes.

Most often these models are used as part of the grain cleaning complex, which are housed in specially designated premises. They are in demand in many farms. Pre-cleaning machines are easy to operate and economical in maintenance. Only one mechanic is needed to service them. The service life can reach up to ten years.

Machines for primary cleaning of grain

Primary cleaning of grain is carried out at the expense of cleaning machines. The machine for cleaning the grain (primary) is of such models: ZVS-20 (20A, 10).

How does the primary purification process take place?

With the help of the equipment, the greatest amount of large and small impurities is isolated, so that grain losses are minimal. Separation is carried out by the properties of aerodynamics, also the width and thickness in air-grating machines. When sorting by length, triremes can be used. The loss of the main seeds at this stage is no more than 1.5%. After the initial cleaning, the content of impurities is reduced to 3%.

Machines for secondary cleaning of grain

Machines for secondary grain cleaning - separates from the grain impurities, which differ in width, thickness and aerodynamic properties.

They are installed and used in preparatory compartments at mills. These machines clean: cereals, legumes, technical and oilseeds. There are such types:

• SVP-7;
• Trierny blocks of BTM;
• PT-600;
• MS-4.5

Secondary purification is intended for seed grain, which has undergone initial purification. Able to isolate not less than 80% of impurities.

To provide the population with quality products, any manufacturer must take care of the technological process. The entire production line should consist only of modern equipment, which will also help reduce the costs of storage, cleaning and processing of the product. To learn more about the equipment, its characteristics, cost, positive and negative lines, you can ask for help from specialists or monitor specialized sites.