A plastic septic tank with your own hands. Comparison of septic tanks made of concrete and plastic

If it is necessary to equip the sewage treatment plant on the site, a septic tank can be used for this, which has plastic containers. This option is most suitable for the case when the volume of sewage is not so great. For the work can be used old barrels, but you need to make sure that they do not have leaks. A plastic septic tank is considered the most preferable compared to a metallic one. This is due to the fact that the latter option quickly fails, the material is destroyed, making the system unusable. It should be noted that such a purification system can only be used for a small amount of waste water. It is usually used for cottages, as well as baths.

Features of work

Septic tanks made of plastic assume the need for containers, the volume of which varies from 200 to 250 liters. If there is a desire to save, then you can use the barrels that were previously used for various purposes. It's quite easy to do this yourself. To do this, do not have to attract specialists and rent construction equipment. A limited number of chambers is a disadvantage in this case. It is important to take into account the norms that indicate that the septic tank should contain a volume of runoff that is formed in the house in three days.

Choose a place

If you decide to mount a septic tank from plastic, you will need to initially select a location. It is necessary to take into account the requirement that the system should be as far as possible from the well or well, from which the drinking water is extracted. Among other things, the cleaning system must be removed from the foundation of the residential building for 5 meters. From other structures by type of garages, it must be removed by 1 meter.

Mounting scheme

If the country territory on which the described system is installed will be used by three vacationers, it is permissible to prefer the following scheme. It involves the installation of barrels, which are mounted in series. The number of containers is limited to three, the latter must be devoid of a bottom, this is necessary in order to provide the well with filtration capabilities. Mounting a plastic septic tank, you must place the barrels at a different level in relation to each other. Thus, each container should be lower by 10 cm relative to the previous one.

Connect the compartments with each other by overflow pipes. The pipe that will enter the system must be 10 cm higher than the pipe that leaves the system. Under the first two tanks, which are used as sedimentation tanks, the sand base should be arranged, it should have a thickness equal to 10 cm. Under the last barrel, which is devoid of the bottom, it is necessary to make a crushed stone pillow, the thickness of which is 30 cm. Then sand is laid in 50 centimeters . This layer is intended for the final purification of water, which will then enter the soil. If underground water is located in the territory, and there is no possibility to mount the filtering well , then it is necessary to equip the filtration fields.

Preparation of materials

If you decide to build a septic tank made of plastic, then you need to prepare the barrels. Their number will depend on whether it is planned to supplement the system with a filtration well. If such an element is in the system, the barrels must be, as already mentioned, 3. Otherwise, you need to stock up only two barrels. The last of the three must be devoid of a bottom. It takes a fine fraction, the dimensions of individual elements of which can vary from 1.8 to 3.5 cm. Purchase geotextiles, as well as pipes and connecting angles. As for the penultimate component, it is important to buy sewer pipes, whose diameter is 110 millimeters. It will also require drainage pipes, which are used for construction and filtration.

Installation of a septic tank

When the septic tank is made of plastic, you will need to prepare the barrels. To do this, in the first of them a hole is made, which is necessary for connecting the outgoing and outgoing pipes. In the first container it is necessary to make a hole for the incoming pipe, retreating 20 cm from the top cover. The outlet should be located on the opposite side, it should be displaced relative to the first by 10 cm down. If you decide to install a septic tank of plastic with your own hands, then in the first tank you need to make a hole for the ventilation riser. The cover of the first barrel must have a removable structure. This is due to the fact that it is in this compartment that the largest amount of solid waste will accumulate, which will periodically need to be removed.

Features of work

You can buy ready-made septic tanks made of plastic, but it will be much cheaper to find used barrels and install them. The second container must also be prepared, for this purpose it should be made holes for the incoming pipe, placing it 20 centimeters from the top cover. The outlet pipe will be located on the opposite side, it should be 10 cm higher relative to the opening of one pipe. If it is planned to connect drainage pipes to the tank, which go to the filtration fields, it is preferable to make two holes in it, which will be located at an angle of 45 degrees relative to each other.

Advice of a professional

After you find the tanks for a septic tank made of plastic, you will need to purchase a waterproofing compound. It will be needed in the process of connecting pipes to the tanks. Silicone for this use is not necessary.

Excavation

It is important to prepare foundation pits before starting the tank installation. They should be somewhat larger in size than the barrels themselves. The distance between the walls of the pit and the septic tank should be equal to 25 centimeters along the perimeter. The bottom of the excavation is compacted well, after which sand is laid, the thickness of the layer should be 10 cm. If possible, it is recommended to pour the bottom of the foundation pit with concrete mortar. In the mixture, embedded steel elements are installed, which have loops, with the help of this supplement it will be possible to fix the barrels.

What else does the master need to know?

If the cleaning system is installed in such a way that the septic tank will work continuously, it is necessary to fix the containers on the concrete slab with the help of bandage belts. If this recommendation is disregarded, during the period of floods the barrels can be pushed out, which will cause the destruction of the sewage system.

Installation of septic tank

The next stage is the installation of drums, pipes are connected. Then backfilling is carried out, using sand and dry cement powder, these ingredients are pre-mixed with each other. This manipulation will ensure the protection of the system from damage during seasonal soil movements. It is necessary to carry out the backfill very carefully, and care must be taken to ensure that the joints are not damaged. Otherwise, it will be necessary to repair septic tanks from plastic, which sometimes involves the need to replace the barrels.

After it is covered with 30 cm, the mixture must be well sealed around the perimeter. After the next layer is filled up. In parallel, the containers are filled with water. This will eliminate the deformation processes of the plastic.

Filtration well

For the filtration well, a container is used that was previously devoid of the bottom. An additional hole is made at the bottom of the container. Before installation, sand is poured, the thickness of the layer should be equal to 50 cm. In the next stage, the rubble is poured, this layer has a thickness of 30 cm. After installation, the barrel is packed 1/3 of the height with crushed stone.

Which septic tank to choose

Quite often modern consumers make a comparison of septic tanks of concrete and plastic. It is worth noting that the latter option is considered the most preferable. This is due to several reasons. Among others, it can be noted that the concrete is not completely sealed. After installation, the surface of the container of this kind must be additionally sealed. Among other things, in the process of work will have to use heavy equipment. The work will be more costly financially, and the forces will have to spend much more, which is very undesirable.