Why the processor should not overheat. Normal processor temperature

As is known, a computer consists of a set of electronic semiconductor circuits. One of its most important and basic details is the central processing unit (CPU). When buying, say, a desktop PC, an ordinary user will pay attention to the speed of program execution or minimized operational noise. But few people understand why, in fact, the cooler inside the PC is noisy , or at the expense of which documents are opened quickly, or "slows down" the game. So, these indicators largely determine the normal temperature of the processor.

Temperature difference

The fact is that electronic devices on semiconductors operate at certain nominal temperatures. If the temperature is higher than calculated in its performance, the microcircuits of such devices overheat and, as a result, become inadequate over time. Not an exception and the CPU.

What is the normal CPU temperature ? At least not more than 50 degrees Celsius. Some of them have 50 -75 degrees. At 85-90 degrees Celsius, as a rule, the chip begins to malfunction and may fail.

It is necessary to take into account such a moment. The operating temperature of the CPU shows the built-in detector. The location of the detector can be slightly removed directly from the microchip of the CPU, so the difference between the actual and the displayed heat release is 3-5 degrees.

Programs for monitoring. Monitoring via BIOS

So, the normal CPU temperature. How is it recognized? To do this, there are many applications - both paid and free. Using their functional, you can find out the temperature, core voltage, model, operating frequency and other hardware characteristics of the processor. Among popular utilities - application Everest or HWMonitor. You can also find out the necessary information by means of the BIOS (basic input / output chip of operations). This chip has built-in software that shows the status of the hardware modules of the PC, including the processor. If the computer is new, then, as a rule, you can monitor its status once in three months.

Self-protection of Intel and AMD processors with overheating

The processors of these manufacturers are equipped with thermal self-protection. For example, the normal temperature of the amd processor is 70-90 degrees, depending on the BIOS settings. If the heat dissipation reaches this limit and goes higher, the protective mechanism will work to turn off the PC.

Much more complicated is the Intel processor. Modern models, including the earlier P4, are equipped with a throttling mechanism. The essence is this. At extremely high temperatures, throttling lowers the operating frequency of the CPU and, thus, a balance is achieved between heat generation and productivity. The normal CPU temperature and the inclusion of throttling in this case are also determined by the BIOS settings.

About monitoring in more detail

Modern monitoring utilities can be produced as a specific manufacturer, and recognize a variety of CPU models (universal). It is better if possible to use proprietary utilities, because The distortion of the data will be minimal.

Regardless of the application used, the principle of operation is similar. The information is read from one or more heat sensors and is displayed to the user in the form of structured data.

Also, the normal temperature of the processor depends on its load. The more demanding programs run simultaneously on a PC, the more CPU utilization, and the higher the operating temperature. There are special tests that allow you to trace the dynamics of changes in the temperature and other modes of the processor before and after starting the test.

It is for them and they are guided, how much the revealed indicators of the CPU correspond to the declared manufacturer.