When was Bunin born and dead? Ivan Bunin: Years of Life

Many readers know when Bunin was born and died. And how many people remember that it was a great Russian poet and novelist who wrote about the disintegration of the Russian nobility? And, probably, very few people know that Ivan Alekseevich became the first Russian writer who received the Nobel Prize in 1833. And in order to understand how he achieved such results, it is necessary to get a little acquainted with his biography.

Children's years of the future laureate

In 1870 in Ivano-Frankivsk, in the estate of his parents, the future writer Ivan Bunin was born. The grandfather of Ivan Alekseevich was a fairly prosperous landowner. But after the death of his wife, he began to waste senselessly the state. And the little thing that was left after him, Bunin's father drank and lost at the card table. At the turn of the century, the family's condition was almost exhausted. The future writer Bunin from early childhood was a witness to the growing impoverishment of the family.

Most of the children's years, Ivan Alekseevich spent in the family estate, where he became acquainted with the life of the peasants. In 1881, he entered the public school in Yelets, but after five years of training was expelled because of financial difficulties of the family and was forced to return home.

Debut in creativity, or New acquaintances

At the age of seventeen, Ivan Alekseevich made his debut as a poet. His poem appeared in the journal of St. Petersburg "Motherland". In 1889 Ivan Bunin followed his older brother, who had a huge influence on him, in Kharkov. There he takes first the position of an official, then he is recruited as an assistant editor to the local newspaper "Orlovsky Vestnik."

Ivan Alekseevich continues to write, and many of his stories were published in some newspapers and magazines. By this period is his long-term relationship with the employee of the newspaper, where he worked, Varvara Pashchenko. After a while they moved to Poltava together. Bunin begins to conduct an active correspondence with Anton Chekhov, and over time they become very close friends. And in 1894 Ivan Alekseevich got acquainted with Leo Tolstoy. He admired the works of Lev Nikolayevich, but their social and moral views were very different.

Huge popularity and recognition of the public

When Bunin was born and died, of course, it is necessary to know, but it is also interesting to know when his first book came out. And it was published in 1891 in Orel. There was a book of poems written between 1887 and 1891. Moreover, some of the articles, essays and stories of Ivan Alekseevich, published earlier in local newspapers and magazines, began to appear in periodicals in Petersburg.

By 1900 Ivan Bunin published more than 100 poems. His poems become quite popular with a wide range of readers. During the same period, the translation of the work "The Song of Hiawatha" was awarded to the Pushkin Prize, as well as the gold medal of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Many critics and colleagues appreciated the rarity of his talent, refinement and clarity of thought.

In 1899, Bunin marries Anna Nikolaevna Tsakni. She was the daughter of a wealthy Greek from Odessa. Unfortunately, the marriage was short, and the only child died at the age of five. And already in 1906 Ivan lives in a civil marriage with Vera Nikolaevna Muromtseva. Not only the facts about when Bunin was born and died are interesting in their meaning, but also information about his personal life and creative path are of great value for those who study the personality of Ivan Bunin.

The transition from poetry to prose

At the turn of the century Ivan Alekseevich made a great transition from poetry to prose, which began to change in form and texture, became lexically rich. In 1900, the novel "Antonovskie apples" was published, which was later included in textbooks on literature and was considered as the first real masterpiece by Bunin.

Contemporaries commented on the product ambiguously. Someone stressed the exceptional accuracy of the language, a subtle description of nature and detailed psychological analysis, while others saw in this work some kind of nostalgia for the past of the Russian nobility. Nevertheless, Bunin's prose becomes very popular.

Famous works, or History of own family

In 1910 Ivan Alekseevich was elected one of the twelve full members of the Russian Academy of Sciences. And the following year he published his first full-scale novel "The Village", which describes the gloomy life in the country, which he portrays as complete stupidity, cruelty and violence. And in 1911, his second novel, Sukhodol, was published.

Here he depicts the deplorable state of the Russian rural community. There is also a nostalgic description of the decaying Russian nobility, based on the real history of his own family. And again Bunin's prose divided literary critics into expressing their opinions. The Social Democrats noted his absolute honesty in the works, but many others were very shocked by the author's negative.

The beginning of the war, or Fear for the future of the state

Then Bunin and Muromtseva spent three winters from 1912 to 1914 with Maxim Gorky on the island of Capri. There he met with Fedor Shalyapin and Leonid Andreev. When the First World War began, Ivan Alekseevich shared his time between being in Moscow and a family estate. He was constantly harassed about the future of Russia. Does Ivan Bunin continue to write at this time? Poems or prose? And how did the revolution affect his work?

Ivan Alekseevich continues to work hard. In the winter of 1914 he finished a new volume of poetry and prose called "The Cup of Life". And already at the beginning of next year it was published and also received wide recognition. In the same year, "The Lord of San Francisco" is published. Perhaps the most famous of the stories that Bunin wrote. The years of life spent in Russia were coming to an end. A revolution was approaching, which would force the great writer to leave his homeland.

Revolution and Ivan Alekseevich

Ivan Alekseevich was a witness to the terror and destruction caused by the Communists during the Russian Revolution of 1917 . In April of that year, he broke off all ties with Gorky, which he would never restore, and on May 21, 1918 Ivan Bunin and Muromtsev received an official permission to leave Moscow. They moved to Odessa. Here, Ivan Alekseevich lived for two years in the hope that White could restore order. But soon revolutionary chaos spread throughout the state.

In February 1920, Bunin emigrated aboard the last French ship, leaving Odessa with other anti-communist Russians, and finally settled in Grasse, in the south of France. Slowly and painfully overcoming psychological stress, Ivan Alekseevich returns to his writings. Ivan Bunin can not live without a pen and paper.

The years of life he spent abroad are also marked by his numerous publications and new literary masterpieces. He publishes his pre-revolutionary works, novels, regularly contributes to the Russian emigration press. And yet he very hard got used to the new world and believed that his muse was forever lost.

When was Bunin born and dead?

Ivan Alekseevich became the first Russian writer who received the Nobel Prize in 1933. He received congratulations from a huge number of intellectuals around the world, but not a word from Soviet Russia, where his name and books were banned. During the emigration Bunin wrote a lot of famous works, among them the "Cursed Days", which became quite popular, where the writer describes in detail the Soviet power.

Born in 1870, Ivan Alekseevich went through a great life. He survived the First World War, the bloody Russian Revolution, the years of the Great Patriotic War and died on November 8, 1953 in his apartment in Paris. He never returned to his homeland.