What is vascular encephalopathy, the reasons for its appearance

The brain serves us faithfully throughout life. But there are many different diseases that disrupt his work and reduce the quality of a person's life. One of these very insidious and complex diseases is vascular encephalopathy. It can occur against the background of the transmitted infections, as well as due to tumors and various injuries. The cause of the appearance of this disease can be the pathology of cerebral vessels or a number of other diseases and disorders.

What does the term "vascular encephalopathy" mean? This organic lesion occurred in non-inflammatory brain tissue. It arises from the insufficiency of cerebral circulation. Depending on the causes of such a disease is divided into an atherosclerotic or hypertonic form. Here you can add mixed, as well as venous forms. But it is not always possible to determine exactly what the nature of the lesion is. Vessels of the brain can be damaged due to rheumatism against the background of systemic diseases of connective tissue. Vascular encephalopathy can be caused by blood diseases or hypodynamic disorders. In this case, lesions can occur in the arteries or in the veins of the brain, as well as its membranes.

Depending on the stage of this disease, the main symptoms are completely different. So, the signs of encephalopathy at the compensated stage are the following: the patient is broken memory, he does not perceive new information, there are bouts of headache, dizziness and heaviness in the head. The person becomes anxious, does not sleep well, emotional disruptions occur, the mood is constantly changing. Most often, patients try to hide such symptoms from others.

If vascular encephalopathy is in the subcompensated stage, the patient may lose balance, it is difficult for him to move around the city on his own, a person always forgets everything, physical activity decreases. If we talk about mental status, then there is a violation of speech, the patient experiences tearfulness and depression of mood, attention is broken, it becomes difficult to swallow. Still there is a decompensated stage, when the disorders occur not only in the neurological and psychological status, but also the signs of focal disorders. These can be seizures or even epileptic seizures. To determine at what stage and in what form the disease is being made, a tomogram of the brain, as well as other studies of its vessels. To exclude toxic and metabolic encephalopathy, clinical and biochemical blood tests are taken, as well as the hormonal profile.

The effectiveness of treatment of this disease depends on how correctly and accurately the nature and degree of vascular lesion was revealed. For treatment, drugs that affect the lipid profile of the blood are used. It is very important to normalize blood pressure and venous outflow. To improve the processes of microcirculation, use various angioprotectors and disaggregants, as well as antispasmodics. Only a doctor can prescribe a treatment, it is simply impossible to cope with such a disease alone.

Still there is a very dangerous condition - acute hepatic encephalopathy or Reye's Syndrome. Such a disease occurs in children between the ages of four and twelve. The causes may be viral diseases, which were treated with drugs of acetylsalicylic acid. At the same time, cerebral edema develops very quickly, the liver is affected. Ray's syndrome manifests itself on the fifth or sixth day of the viral disease. Symptoms are vomiting and impaired consciousness. If the doctor is not called in time, then a coma may occur, the child may die. To prevent this serious disease, you should stop using acetylsalicylic acid drugs in the treatment of viral diseases in children under the age of fifteen.

The main symptom of acute hepatic encephalopathy in adults is a disorder of consciousness. The patient starts to get confused in words and thoughts, intensified or depressed psychomotor activity is manifested. After that drowsiness develops, there comes a stupor and a coma. Very often such a syndrome ends fatal. During treatment, protein intake is limited, mechanical cleansing of the intestine is performed.