What is the norm in teenagers? Features of measurement and analysis of diagnostic results

Every adult will answer the question of how normal blood pressure should be . And many will tell and about what it is they often: low or high.

Another thing is children. What pressure in adolescents - the norm, and what - pathology, know, perhaps, only doctors. Most parents believe that children can not have problems with pressure. But quite often in adolescence , failures occur in the self-regulation of the body, including in the regulation of blood pressure. It can either rise too high or too fall. If such changes last a month and longer, then in the first case they talk about hypertension, and in the second - about hypotension. Since in adolescents this condition is also called vegeto-vascular dystonia, the most accurate definition will be a vegetative-vascular dystonia of the hypertonic or hypotonic type.

When is the pressure normal?

As is known, the pressure level is indicated by two digits. For example - 120/70 mm. Gt; Art. This suggests that at the time of contraction of the ventricles of the heart, the arterial pressure reaches 120 mm. Gt; Art. And is called systolic, and at the time of a general pause - 70 mm. - and is called diastolic.

Which indicators are normal and which do not, depends on the person's age.

In newborn children the normal pressure is: 66/55 mm. Hg. - in girls, 71/55 mm. Gt; Art. - The boys. For adults, such indicators are catastrophically low.

Up to seven years, the pressure increase is very slow. After seven years, the growth rate is accelerating and the pressure in adolescents is normal, almost like in adults. By the age of 18, the indicators of an adult are set.

The pressure can be within the limits of the norm, but vary depending on the individual characteristics of the person. So, normal blood pressure in adolescents can be from 100 to 140 mm. Hg. - systolic, and from 70 to 90 mm. - diastolic. Individual indicators of young children should be compared with special tables to find out whether it is a norm or not.

All cells and tissues of the body need nutrients and oxygen. Their delivery is carried out by blood, which under pressure circulates through the vessels. If the pressure goes beyond the norm, then the transport of substances will be violated, which can lead to malfunctions in the work of various organs.

In order to prevent permanent disorders that cause hypertension or hypotension, it is necessary to determine what normal pressure the adolescent has in view of his individuality. For this, blood pressure should be measured regularly.

How can you measure the pressure?

Apparatus for measuring blood pressure (tonometer) can be purchased without problems in pharmacies. This earlier measurement process was possible only in the hospital.

But, despite the apparent ease, to determine what pressure in adolescents - the norm, and which - no, it's not so simple. It is necessary that the child was in a calm state, which in itself is already problematic, because the teenager is excited in anticipation of the results of an unusual procedure. Only the regularity of measurements can eliminate this singularity.

The measurement is carried out in a sitting or lying position. It is necessary to correctly choose the size of the cuff, the width of which should not be more than two thirds of the length of the shoulder.

The whole principle of the tonometer is that by means of the air pressure created in the cuff, the artery is pinched and the blood flow stops. Then the air is released and with a decrease in pressure in the cuff there is a knock. It arises from the movement of blood through the vessel and corresponds to the upper index (systolic). The sound stops when the artery restores its lumen, the silence corresponds to the lower index. Sounds are captured with a stethoscope. If you use a modern automatic tonometer, then all the indicators are displayed immediately on the screen.

So, if you take seriously the health of children, regularly make measurements and know what pressure in adolescents is the norm, then it will be easy to diagnose possible deviations.