What is internal bleeding: a clinic and first aid

As a rule, in the specialized medical literature there is a lot of information about what types of open bleeding and how to eliminate them. And in fact it is much more dangerous for a person's life to have internal bleeding due to the fact that it can not be seen with the naked eye. It is quite difficult to make a correct clinical picture in this situation. It consists of several signs: internal symptoms associated with a specific place of bleeding and general, which is indicated by the level of blood loss.

In terms of intensity, internal bleeding is moderate, of moderate severity and severe.

The causes of internal bleeding may be internal diseases, and trauma (fracture of ribs, rupture of intercostal vessels, disruption of the integrity of lung tissue).

The most frequent internal bleeding is pulmonary and gastrointestinal.

Primary signs of internal bleeding are pale skin and mucous membranes, intensifying weakness, dizziness, nausea, vomiting with blood clots, dark (even black) feces, cold sweat, and blackout in the eyes. In order to determine the degree of anemia, it is necessary to control the frequency of the pulse and lowering blood pressure. If the indicators change, then the bleeding increases. When bleeding is moderate, it does not cause significant changes in the above indices.

So, when a patient has pulmonary hemorrhage, the features of internal bleeding are as follows: bloody expectoration, sputum with blood particles. In this case, the blood has a light pink tint, and the phlegm itself is alkaline based on its basis. The admixture of blood thus foams, is allocated only with attacks of tussis. Such bleeding occurs in patients with lung cancer, stenosis of the mitral valve, tuberculosis, aortic aneurysm, with a pulmonary infarction and their inflammation.

When there is gastrointestinal bleeding (hemorrhage in the gastrointestinal tract), bleeding may be in the area of the esophagus, stomach, and also thick and thin (rarely) the intestine. The causes of this type of bleeding may be varicose veins, ulcers of different nature and degree of complexity. There are many more diseases that provoke internal bleeding.

This bleeding, the signs of which depend on the location, requires an early determination of the cause. Then you can localize it and stop it.

There are some rules for first aid for internal bleeding:

1. If there is a suspicion of internal bleeding, immediately call an "emergency room".
2. It is necessary to check the serviceability of the heart, the patency of the respiratory system, to establish the frequency of heartbeats.
3. Ensure the maximum rest of the patient and prepare for the elimination of the shock state.
4. If the victim begins vomiting, turn him on his side so that he does not choke on vomit.
5. Provide sufficient air in the room, unbutton the patient and constantly soothe him.
6. You can give the patient pieces of ice to swallow. Also it is necessary to put something cold on the probable place of bleeding. This should slow the bleeding.
7. It should be remembered that first aid is the initial stage. Immediately you need to take the patient to the hospital.

To date, the newest way to detect internal bleeding is to detect the number of red blood cells (red blood cells) in the blood, as well as hemoglobin and hematocrit. If the indicators change - the bleeding increases. Also, methods of diagnosing this type of bleeding are puncture of the posterior wall of the vagina, as well as radiography.