What is a spelling for school children?

One of the most complicated languages is Russian. Most of his words are written differently than they are pronounced. Therefore, difficulties in spelling are experienced not only by foreigners who study the Russian language, but also people who speak it from childhood. As soon as the child begins to learn how to write, he immediately encounters the need to teach different spelling rules, that is, orthograms. Only with their application it is possible to write competently in Russian. Therefore, with the concept of what a spelling is, a schoolboy meets already in the first grade.

Signs of spelling

In order to write competently, it is not enough to know what a spelling is, you need to be able to find it in words and apply it correctly. For this schoolboy you need to learn to recognize her signs. After all, orthograms are not in all words, but only in those where the sound is in a weak position. This is the place at the end of the word, in the concoction of consonants, the unstressed position of the vowel or the vowel after sizzling, compound words and some other cases. For example, "in oh yeah," "zu b ", "schastye", " yellow" or "himself about the years."

Types of spelling

After the position of the orthogram is found in the word, it is necessary to determine the conditions for choosing the correct spelling. Usually it depends on the part of speech, the place of sound in the word or on the meaning of the word itself. In accordance with this, different types of orthograms are distinguished. For example, the spelling of unstressed vowels at the root of the word, in prefixes, endings, after sibilants, the spelling of consonants, the merged and separate spelling of "not" and "neither", and many others.Total 70 orthographs are studied at school, but even learning them all by heart, not everyone A child can apply them and write competently.

The greatest difficulty is the spelling of vowels in the root of words. It is very difficult to determine by ear that there is a spelling in this place. The words, Which you need to remember, are collected in an orthographic dictionary. There are a lot of them, and rarely anyone knows them all. In addition, in the Russian language, new words constantly appear, the spelling of which also needs to be memorized. It is also very difficult to remember the correct spelling of terms and words of foreign origin. For example, "hockey", "coalition", "legitimate" and many others.

The difficulty in learning Russian is also that most of the rules have exceptions. Therefore, they are all desirable to learn by heart. For example, spelling of vowels after sizzling, "n" and "nn" in suffixes or vocabulary words. Do not give in to the rules of writing the words "parachute", "windy" or "dawn".

How to use spelling when writing

Therefore, even if the student knows what a spelling is, and has learned them all, this does not yet guarantee that he will write wisely. The most difficult for foreigners studying Russian. After all, for the correct use of orthograms you need to understand the intricacies of the lexical meaning of words, be able to distinguish morphemes in them, to determine the part of speech to which the word belongs. For example, the meaning of a word depends on the choice of a vowel in such combinations: "singing a song" or "drinking a medicine." In addition, it is very important Correctly pronounce the word. Often the choice of the desired letter depends on it when writing. For example, after the nouns and adjectives sibilant in the suffixes and endings, under the stress is written "o" - the way it is pronounced: "hook", "fluff", "kumachovy".

Why do most of the students, after leaving school, make mistakes in words? After all, they know what a spelling is, they can tell the rules, but they can not apply them. Many simply do not see a place in which to make a mistake. After all, to determine the place of the orthogram in the word, you need to know the rules of the Russian language: to be able to distinguish parts of speech, to determine the grammatical and lexical meaning of words and to sort words by composition. In addition, students need to develop a phonetic hearing so that they can immediately hear in which position the sound is located, where the stress falls, and whether there are separating "b" and "b" in the word.