Ventilation systems: installation and operation. Design, manufacture, installation and operation of ventilation systems, equipment and air conditioning systems

Modern buildings, both industrial and residential, often have a very complex infrastructure and are designed with maximum focus on energy conservation. Therefore, without the installation of ventilation systems, and in most cases, conditioning, they can not be avoided. Installation of climatic equipment of any type must be carried out with the obligatory observance of certain rules.

Types of ventilation systems

There are several types of similar equipment intended for use in certain types of buildings. To classify ventilation systems (the installation of which is done according to technology that depends on the variety) can:

• By appointment. In this case, we can distinguish between supply, exhaust and supply-and-exhaust ventilation. The first two varieties are usually mounted in living quarters. The third - in production. Sometimes the supply and exhaust system is installed in residential buildings of a large area, for example, in multi-storey cottages.

• By the way of air movement. In this regard, ventilation can be natural or forced. The first version is considered obsolete and is used quite rarely today. Most often it can be seen in urban apartments of the old type (exhaust pipes), in the cellars or barns of the owners of household plots.

• By design. On this basis, ventilation is divided into monoblock and set. The first version is a single soundproof box. Set ventilation is a very complex design, consisting of many elements: a fan, a silencer, filters, etc.

• Over the service area. In this case, ventilation is divided into common and local. The first type is designed to serve the entire work area. Local ventilation is used to normalize the air exchange in any one part of the room.

Who makes ventilation systems

The production of such equipment is handled by companies specializing in the production of household appliances or the actual climate systems. When choosing the ventilation should pay attention, including on its manufacturer. Equipment of an unknown brand, purchased from a small supplier, may subsequently not work correctly.

Manufacturing and installation of ventilation systems are usually produced by the same company. Therefore, enterprise managers and owners of apartment houses have the opportunity to order the installation of this equipment from scratch, which is certainly very convenient.

Drafting of the project

How do you install such equipment as ventilation systems? Their installation must begin with the compilation of the project. This step is perhaps the most important during the installation of the ventilation system. The draft has to be drafted with the obligatory observance of all standards. In the event of an error in the future, ventilation will not work correctly. For example, in living quarters there may be smells of kitchen or toilet, and in the air of production shops - all sorts of harmful impurities.

The design and installation of ventilation systems must be carried out exclusively by a specialist. When designing drawings, first of all, the features of the room and the ventilation equipment are taken into account. It also determines the location of the air pumping unit, the installation of air ducts, the methods of mounting the equipment, and so on.

Assembling the ventilation system

The easiest to install are simple for the residential premises ventilation systems. Mounting them, if desired, can be done independently. In a city apartment, for example, in most cases it is enough to install a powerful fan in the riser and make the supply holes under the windows. Installation of the same complex systems in cottages and, in particular, in production requires a certain experience. In general, the procedure for assembling the most complicated in the installation of supply and exhaust ventilation is as follows:

• In the attic or in the basement, the main unit is fixed, the construction of which includes fans, filters and, if necessary, a recuperator.

• Continue the installation of ventilation systems by hollowing out the holes for air ducts in the outer walls.

• Punching holes in the inner walls and partitions of the building. Under the supply air ducts they are made at the bottom, under the outlets - at the top.

• Mounted trunk lines. The latter can be both flexible and rigid.

• The mains are connected to the main unit.

• The ventilation system is checked for operability.

Rules for use in production

Of course, to operate ventilation systems, the installation of which - the procedure in most cases is very complicated, must also be in compliance with all prescribed standards. After the commissioning works, the specialists who installed the equipment should conduct an instruction with the occupants of the house or the personnel of the production regarding its use. In general, the rules for the operation of ventilation systems in production include the following items:

• Current maintenance of the equipment is carried out by specialists who have the appropriate education.

• In the shops periodically make air control measurements.

• The equipment is constantly tested for efficiency according to specifications.

• Repair of equipment must be done on time.

The operation and installation of ventilation systems in an enterprise usually fall under the responsibility of the chief engineer.

Use in everyday life

In residential buildings, the rules for the operation of ventilation systems are reduced mainly to the timely repair and replacement of the components that have served their elements. Of course, in no case can you cover the holes for air ducts with finishing materials. This applies to both the exterior walls and the internal ones.

Installation of air conditioning systems

Ventilation systems and equipment, the installation of which was made according to all the rules, make living in an apartment or work in the shop much more comfortable. However, to create an optimal microclimate, they are sometimes not enough. In this case, additional climate equipment is also used - air conditioners. Most often, this type of system is installed in living quarters, offices, cafes or shops. Usually, modern split-systems are used to cool air in buildings. The procedure for their installation includes the following steps:

• An external block is attached to the wall of the house from the street side.

• Internal hinges are fixed.

• Electrical wiring is installed.

• A hole is punched in the wall and pipelines are mounted.

• The system is checked for leaks and evacuated.

• The power supply is connected.

• The equipment is tested.

Rules of operation

When using a split system in a residential building, follow these recommendations:

• The indoor units must be protected from direct sunlight.

• You can not force the space in the immediate vicinity of the equipment with furniture.

• Filter cleaning should be carried out at least once every 2 months.

• Above the external unit, you must install a visor.

Installation of ventilation systems and air conditioning systems, as you can see - the procedures are quite complicated and require the presence of certain knowledge and skills. The climatic equipment will function correctly only if all the standards in the assembly process are met. Therefore, the installation of such systems should definitely be entrusted to specialists. And the owners of the house or employees of the enterprise must strictly follow the rules of operation of this equipment.