Valgus deformity

The valgus deformation of the big toe is a lump on the inner plane of the foot. From a medical point of view, this phenomenon is an external manifestation of the "protrusion" of the head of the 1st metatarsal bone. The cause of the development of this anomaly is the transverse flatfoot. The valgus deformation of the first toe is much more common than other deformations. As a rule, the pathology is manifested in women after thirty years.

The main reason that causes valgus deformity is a deficiency in the ligamentous apparatus. This disorder is due to the inherent weakness of connective tissue. This heredity is passed down the generations by the female line. This explains the fact that in some cases the disorder occurs at a fairly young age, while someone, despite predisposing factors, does not develop in adulthood. It must be said that the main reason for the occurrence of pathology is wearing high-heeled shoes with narrow socks.

In such footwear the pressure distribution on the foot is uneven. The main load falls on the front section, which normally should not account for more than thirty percent of the total load. As a result, the musculoskeletal system, which performs the retention of the bones of the anterior section, ceases to cope with its tasks. This leads to excessive tension of the ligaments, a gradual divergence of the metatarsal bones. As a result, the spreading of the foot of a transverse character begins to develop. Due to the displacement of the 1st metatarsal bone , the direction of thrust in the tendons of the first finger changes - it becomes eccentric. The appearance of the first signs of deviation of the first finger outwards indicates the onset of the disease. It should be said that the development of pathology is a process that is irreversible. Further pathology only progresses. Terms of deterioration are strictly individual.

Due to the constant tension of the extensor and flexor tendons, the increase in the metatarsophalangeal angle, the compaction and shortening of the outer part of the capsule of the joint on the finger, forces are activated that promote its deviation outside. As a result, it is impossible to return to the original (normal) position.

The subsequent deviation contributes to an even more intense irritation of the formed "bumps" when walking in shoes. As a result, valgus deformation provokes the growth of exostosis, the formation of chronic inflammation in soft tissues. Thus, bursitis of the first metatarsophalangeal joint is diagnosed. In the end, all this provokes pain in the field of "bumps". Over time, they take a permanent character. Valgus deformity can be accompanied by pains not only in the field of "bumps". Unpleasant soreness can also occur under the heads 2 and 3 of metatarsal bone. This is due to overloading while walking these departments.

Due to the fact that the pathology in question is only a manifestation of transverse flatfoot, one removal of the cone is usually not enough. Surgical measures should mainly be aimed at reducing the width of the foot, correcting the position of the first finger, changing the axis of the 1st metatarsal bone, and restoring the capsular ligament apparatus.

Surgical treatment includes the necessary removal of the outgrowth. The subsequent volume of the operation will depend on the degree of flatfoot. Carry out operations on the bones and soft tissues (osteotomy).

To achieve a stable positive result, osteotomy of the 1st metatarsal bone is performed. Depending on the condition, an operation can also be performed on one of the phalanges of the 1st finger and 2-5 bones.