Uzhhorod: sightseeing. History of Uzhhorod

Transcarpathia (Uzhgorod is considered its capital) is an unforgettable land with picturesque landscapes that attract tourists not only from all over Ukraine, but from all over the world. It is a region with world-famous mineral springs, a horticulture and viticulture center. This part of Ukraine is called "green gold". There are only so many forests, gardens and vineyards here. Only in Transcarpathia are the mountains and mountain valleys, rich in curative springs of mineral origin, are of unparalleled beauty. And among all this splendor is located the great and ancient Uzhgorod - a city that is interesting with history, its formation and sights.

A city with a history of more than a thousand years

The manuscript of the Hungarian chronicler Shimon Kezai indicates that Uzhgorod was founded in 872. The current name of the city says that this is a settlement that is located above the river Uzh. The history of Uzhhorod is big, like the city itself. It is one of the oldest settlements of Transcarpathian region of Ukraine. It is its historical and regional center. Urban history has more than 1100 years. In place of modern Uzhgorod, in ancient times, there were the first settlements. The most famous among them were those who belonged to the Slavs.

History in Detail

Historically for many centuries there were three city centers - Castle Mountain, Radwanka and Gorjany. The ancient map of Uzhhorod is an excellent testimony to this fact. A little bit later the advantage gradually passed to a more fortified area on Castle Hill. In the ninth century, the fortified city-castle became an early feudal town-settlement, which was headed by Prince Laborets. In 903, the Hungarian tribes, under the leadership of the leaders of Almos and Arpad, stormed the Gungwar fortress for four days. In it, along with his soldiers, the defense was held by the legendary Prince Laborets. Since the forces were unequal, the prince was defeated, and the settlement itself was burnt. But after a while, the new owners reconstructed the town. But in 1806 Uzhgorod again succumbed to the attack of Kutesk Khan. He was not destined to take the city.

In the early 40s of the 12th century, Uzhgorod was again burned. In 1248 a new city is being built in a new place (the modern district of Goryany). In 1290, Uzhgorod passed into power to the Ugric Chancellor Obo Omodya. At the beginning of the 14th century, the city was again heavily damaged. And in 1312 he passed into the hands of Petro Pete. In the 80s of the same century the first school was opened in Uzhhorod.

The influence of the XIX-XX centuries on the formation of Uzhgorod

Until the beginning of the XIX century, the city was influenced by different dynasties and rulers. During this time, he was several times destroyed and reborn. He survived the times of fall and flowering. Here grew a real big city, which slowly but surely developed. The 19th and 20th centuries had a great influence on its formation. Uzhgorod, whose attractions can tell a lot about this time, in the XIX century succumbed to an extraordinary economic scope. Capitalism began to develop throughout the Transcarpathian territory, although the first factories appeared in the framework of feudalism, so the area of the city increased several times. As early as 1837 there were 36 streets in Uzhgorod.

Ugric revolution, which occurred in the middle of the XIX century, had the greatest influence on Uzhgorod among all political incidents. In the sixties the first printing house with the Ukrainian font was opened here. A few years later, immediately there was established a sawmill, a railway station, a furniture factory.

The First World War slightly reduced the pace of development of the city. In 1919, the settlement became part of the Czechoslovak Republic. It was during this period that the city acquired modern architectural perfection. In 1938 Uzhgorod was transferred to Hungary, and during the time of fascism it turned into a military camp of the Hungarian army. The Second World War did not cause significant damage to the city, but its population greatly changed. After the end of hostilities Uzhgorod begins to acquire its modern features.

The city's attractions

A city like Uzhhorod is teeming with various historical objects, architectural masterpieces, unique streets and all kinds of museums. Uzhgorod, whose sights can not leave anyone indifferent, boasts the Roman Catholic Church of St. George (George). This monument of architecture was erected in the XVII century. It was built by Yu. Druget at the site of the Lutheran church, which he himself destroyed. M. Bercheni - the successor of Druget - was engaged in the continuation of construction work. On the bell tower of the building there are clocks continuously working for more than a century and a half.

Another attraction, which is known to every art connoisseur, is the art museum (Zhupanat House). This building belongs to the beginning of the XIX century. It is made in the style of classicism and was originally intended for the placement of zhupanat (city authorities). Since the late 70-ies of the last century there is a museum named after J.Bokshay.

The greatest of sights

Ukraine, Uzhgorod in particular, is famous for its castles. Every city in this country has its own royal palace, which every citizen of the state can be proud of. In Uzhgorod, this landmark is special, because it survived not one century and had time to see a lot of interesting and extraordinary. The first memories of the castle date back to the ninth century. During this period, it looked like a fortification of wood. At the end of the tenth and early eleventh centuries a stone castle was built in the city. It was this structure that did not succumb to the attack of Kutesk Khan. The castle (Uzhgorod), like the city itself, passed from hand to hand. It was destroyed several times, but each new ruler reconstructed it and made its changes to it. He was under the control of both the Hungarians, Italians, and fascists. He endured many things, but managed to survive and now rises above Uzhgorod as a symbol of power, power and invincibility.

Legends of the castle

Uzhhorod, whose sights are shrouded in legends, myths whisper quietly to its tourists, and maybe real stories connected with this or that building. But the "leader" in terms of the number of rumors that have become rumored is a local castle. One of them says that in the eastern part of the castle there used to be a cemetery where the Druget, Bercheny and others are buried. And in the southern part of the building in due time the Drugets built a monastery for the monks of the Order of St. Paul. But this monastery was destroyed a long time ago. In place of the monastery, and the cemetery today is the Transcarpathian Museum-Skansen. And if there is a ghost, then, most likely, it appears first of all here, and then it begins to wander throughout the rest of the territory.

Castle Sculpture

The yard of the castle is decorated with a sculpture of a wild bird - turul. Uzhgorod, whose sights have their own special raisins, is proud of this masterpiece. After all, for the Hungarians, this bird was a kind of heroic symbol. At the beginning of the last century, an obelisk was erected on the site of this monument, whose height reaches 18 meters. It is decorated with a turul, poured from bronze. After the Second World War, the monument was dismantled, but in the late 80's it was rebuilt again. The very same sculpture was passed to the Transcarpathian Museum of Local Lore.

Do not forget us

Uzhgorod is one of the oldest cities in Ukraine, but it is always young. He is friendly to all his guests and loves to receive them on his territory. This is a kind of "window to Europe." He withstood much, managed to recover after seemingly incompatible wounds, and today gives his guests warmth, beauty, peace and good humor.