Truck crane. Mobile crane "Ivanovets". Technical characteristics, repair, maintenance

Self-propelled gantry cranes are included in the mandatory list of equipment used in the construction of high-rise facilities, the implementation of loading and unloading and auxiliary operations. Thanks to the special design of the tower machine, the machines are capable of handling loads weighing up to 80 tons. The most common type of self-propelled models of this group is the truck's crane, which has no competitors by the criteria of autonomy of movement and maneuverability. This advantage also determined the scope of application of truck cranes - at remote sites where relatively small amounts of work are required.

Construction of boom truck crane

As a basis of truck cranes, the chassis of standard trucks is usually used - thanks to such a model base and they get a sufficient level of mobility. To effectively perform construction and assembly tasks, the technician is supplied with arrows with jibs that have different characteristics and modifications. In addition, the car crane can be equipped with other tower-boom installations. In this regard, the chassis used are universal. Also, the design of the truck crane provides for four outriggers of a remote type, which are integrated by the hydraulic drive. Work at high altitudes requires increased stability of special equipment, so the rear axles have hydraulic stabilizers.

Drive types

The truck crane drive is of several types and differs in two main parameters: the maintenance principle of each mechanism and the direct device of the power plant. If we talk about the first classification, then there are single-engine cranes and multi-engine. In the first working process of all units is carried out by one engine, and in the second, each mechanism is coupled to its own individual motor. Also, the car crane can be supplied with a mechanical, electric or hydraulic drive. In general, the composition of these mechanisms is the same and provides for the following components:

• Power plant;
• Speed box;
• Power selection unit;
• Power elements of the drive.

The difference lies in the fact that the mechanical drive operates through cable ropes, the electrical installation has a generator and is powered by an electric current, and the hydraulic system operates on the basis of hydraulic pumps and hydraulic motors.

Characteristics of the Ivanovets crane

The multisyllabic design does not allow to bring together even the average design parameters that the car cranes have. The technical characteristics of the Ivanovets model in the series of KS 35715-2, which is one of the most popular in Russia, look like this:

• Dimensions of the transport base: length 100 m, height 38.5 m, width 25 m.
• Aggregate mass with an arrow: 16.4 tons.
• Wheelbase formula: 4 x 2.
• Power of the power unit: 230 liter. from.
• Carrying capacity: 16 tons.
• The length of the boom is up to 14 m.
• Lowering / lifting speed: max. 8.5 m / min.
• Movement speed: 60 km / h.

Modifications of the Ivanovets truck crane

The most demanded is the Ivanovets truck crane, which has a payload capacity of 25 tons. About 80% of all automobile cranes that are produced in Russia fall on this version. At the same time, there are modifications that can handle loads of 16, 20 and even 80 tons. Variation in the characteristics of boom equipment is no less diverse, but these parameters are not decisive in terms of design features.

The model range includes truck cranes and with different chassis - as a rule, these are the platforms of the leading domestic enterprises. The crane is produced in four versions: on the chassis URAL, KAMAZ, MAZ and - in special version - on the platform BAZ. From the point of view of the wheel formula, the Ivanovets truck crane can have all-wheel drive chassis 8 x 8 and 6 x 6, as well as incomplete drive configurations - for example, 2x4 or 4x8.

Truck crane operation

Before working operations it is necessary to make sure that all crane mechanisms are in good condition, and oil with fuel of the corresponding brands is filled. To start the operation, the operator moves the control handle to the active position. The inclusion of devices in the cockpit of modern models, as a rule, occurs automatically. Corresponding controls the operator performs the adjustment of outriggers and leveling of equipment.

Crane operations can be carried out directly only with the power-control pedal depressed - its position is determined by the parameters of the operating procedures. It is important to note that the operation of the car crane provides for a strict control of the situation on the construction site. For example, the lifting or lowering of the load is carried out only if there are no obstacles on the way and the area of the future fixation of the cargo is prepared. Manipulations with a handle and, respectively, an arrow and a hook are made in accordance with the working parameters of the engine.

Maintenance

Truck cranes require a special approach to maintenance. Service work includes several stages. The first thing mechanics inspect the structure, check the screw fasteners and welded seams. Identified defects in the seams are cut and brewed repeatedly. Further, the quality of the fixation of the supporting-rotational base, the technical condition of the driver's cab, the boom and the tower platform are checked. In working condition, the car crane has adjusted shafts and axles, serviceable gears and bearings in reducers, etc. At the final stage of maintenance, the availability and functionality of the truck crane at idling is tested.

Recommendations for repair

During repair, special sets of spare parts are used, which do not involve dismantling the most important parts of equipment. When troubleshooting the hydraulic mechanisms, the external components of the housings, as well as the mating parts are cleaned, and the hydraulic systems are unloaded from the pressure. At the same time, the working tool used in unscrewing the plugs, together with the oil tank, is cleaned before use. When repairing the wheels of the chassis, the car crane is mounted on its own supports. If the mechanical rope rope is being replaced, then it is possible to screw the pulley. Depending on the operating requirements, it may be necessary to seal the units and assemblies with the parameters of the repair operations performed.

Nuances of transporting the truck crane

Transportation of any special equipment requires special preparation. The car crane, as noted above, is the most mobile and convenient to use among self-propelled analogs. To move it should be transferred to the transport position, perform a functional inspection of the functional mechanisms and the chassis. An important role in terms of transportation is played by the load capacity of road cranes. This figure must be taken into account, as it directly affects the overall weight of the car.

That is, in the transport position, this mass is identical to the weight of one chassis with the maximum load, but the crane's center of gravity is higher than that of the platform machine. This means that when moving by its own power, the truck crane is not as stable as an ordinary truck built into its platform. Therefore, in the process of moving machinery should adhere to safety measures, avoiding sudden braking with sharp turns. All kinds of road pavements (pits, potholes, etc.) should be toured or overcome at low speed.