Triumfalnaya Square in Moscow. How to get what to see

Triumfalnaya Square can rightly be called one of the sights of Moscow. This place has a long and interesting history. The area has repeatedly changed its name, and on the old maps of the city of Soviet times it is listed as Mayakovsky. Triumphal Square has always played a prominent role in the social life of the capital. At first it was the market, then - the focus of a large number of theaters. With the opening of the monument to Vladimir Mayakovsky at the foot of the monument, poetry lovers often gather and read poems. Traditions of the literary fronts of the times of the Soviet Union (after all, the works were not censored) were reflected in the contemporary political life of Russia. Regularly every 31th of the month on Triumfalnaya Square rallies are held in support of Article 31 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. About what you should see here for the tourist, read on.

History

Triumphal Square (Moscow) was simply doomed to bear this name. It was first mentioned in 1709. Then this place was the outskirts of Moscow. Here, on the Tverskoy tract, stood an earthen rampart, signifying the boundary of the city. On the occasion of Russia's victory in the Battle of Poltava, the first triumphal arch was erected on this site . When Peter the First moved the capital to St. Petersburg, the place was not forgotten. After all, all the coronations took place in Moscow. And to meet the future ruler left the residents of Belokamennaya to the triumphal gates, which each time to this occasion were refreshed. In 1722 the arch was already stone. And the square on which she stood, was named Triumphal. After the victory over the troops of Napoleon Bonaparte and the rebuilding of the burnt Moscow, a new gate was built at the then border of the city - on the Tverskaya Zastava (now there is the Belorussian station). And the old "triumphal" square turned into a market square. Here traded wood, coal, building stone.

Theatre Square

By the end of the nineteenth century, the center of Moscow began to approach this former suburb. The market was moved to another place, the center of the square was decorated with a flower garden. In 1902, an entrepreneur, Charles Omon bought the building at the corner of Sadovaya and Tverskaya and, after reconstruction, opened the "Buff" theater in it. This structure, in the walls of which the vaudevilles were put, was destined for a great future. In 1918 it housed the State Theater. Meyerhold. In GosTIM, Mayakovsky's play "The Bedbug" was shown. But this is not the only theater. Triumphal Square in the early twentieth century was decorated with another building, which was built for the circus. Until 1926, it was used for its intended purpose. In the years of the NEP, it housed the Moscow Music Hall. And since 1965 the Theater of Satire begins to work here. On the other side of the square, near the Pekin Hotel, until 1974, there was a building where the Sovremennik studio was located. Later the troupe moved, and the dilapidated house was dismantled. And on top of that, we should mention another theater. True, instead of the scene there was a large screen. This is the oldest Moscow cinema.

Mayakovsky Square

In 1958, on July 19, a monument to the Soviet poet was solemnly opened here. When the officialdom ended, the public did not intend to disperse. At the pedestal began to read poems by Vladimir Mayakovsky. This literary tradition has taken root. Until 1961, on the anniversary of the opening of the monument, Triumphal Square was filled with lovers of Mayakovsky's creativity, who came to listen and read his poems. Since 1960, on weekends, completely unknown authors have performed with their works at the pedestal of the monument. Some poets such as Andrei Voznesensky, Yevgeny Yevtushenko, Robert Rozhdestvensky, for the first time presented their poems to the public just under "Mayakovsky".

Triumphal Square as a place of the Fronde

Spontaneously arising meetings, even if they were held in the format of poetic evenings, were not welcomed by the Soviet leadership. Therefore unauthorized gatherings were dispersed. Three students (E. Kuznetsov, V. Osipov and I. Bokshtein) even received long prison terms. Because of this, Triumfalnaya Square became known as a place of gathering dissatisfied with the regime. Here came in 1965 members of the initiative group "SMOG" with the requirements of creative freedom. In 1969, two students went to the Triumphalnaya Square with a poster in support of Czechoslovakia ... There were rallies there, but any measures of this kind were suppressed in every possible way. During perestroika literary reading resumed. But already in 1990, when three thousand people gathered at the Mayakovsky monument, an unauthorized rally dedicated to the anniversary of the February Revolution of 1917 dispersed the riot police.

Infrastructure

For a long time the Triumphal Square was under reconstruction. Once again it opened for Muscovites and tourists in early September, on the eve of the City Day. Now the Triumphal Square has changed even more. It became lighter and wider. The lawn in the middle received a spectacular backlight, along the perimeter the retro-style lights began to shine. Now it's a pedestrian zone. Remained unhappy with some motorists. After the reconstruction, parking on Triumfalnaya Square is prohibited. The authorities of the city have big plans for the further improvement of this place. It was decided to even break a lilac square here. Under the square works are underway to build a multi-level underground parking. In the meantime, the "iron horse" can be left nearby. It is best to visit the monument to V. Mayakovsky on public transport. It is very convenient to use the metro. The Triumphal Square is easily accessible from the Mayakovskaya station, one of the tunnels of which goes straight to this corner of Moscow.

Is it possible to look at the rally on Triumph Square and is it dangerous?

Since 2015, the city authorities have begun to give "good" to the conduct of shares under the "Strategy-31". Recently, Triumfalnaya Square no longer read poetry, but speak mainly about the political situation in eastern Ukraine. Here they raise funds for the residents of Donbass.