The volcano of Kamchatka is an interesting natural phenomenon

The peninsula of Kamchatka is one of the most volcano-rich places on earth, which, perhaps, is second only to Iceland and Hawaii. In this region of the Pacific, the so-called "fiery ring", there are more than a hundred active volcanoes and about 30 of them have awoken only recently.

Volcanoes of Kamchatka, currently recognized as active, form a 700-kilometer volcanic belt from the volcano Shiveluch, which is located in the north of the peninsula, to the Cumulus volcano in the south. Energetic volcanism in Kamchatka, as well as in the neighboring Aleutian and Kurile island arcs, is caused by the subduction of the Pacific plate to the Eurasian tectonic plate.

Over the past few thousand years, there have been about 30 very large (Plinian) eruptions, as a result of which about 1 km ³ magma was emitted. According to these data, to date Kamchatka is a place on earth with the greatest frequency of large explosive eruptions.

The most active volcanoes on Kamchatka are Klyuchevskoy, Karymsky, Shiveluch and Nameless.

Kamchatka Volcano Klyuchevskoy - the largest active volcano of Eurasia - rises at 4750 m above sea level. He has a perfect, unusually beautiful cone. The age of this volcano is about eight thousand years. The first eruption was noted in 1697. Klyuchevskoy volcano in Kamchatka today attracts many tourists who want to see one of the most beautiful volcanoes in the world. On average, the eruptions occurred every 5 years, sometimes yearly, and it happened that they continued continuously for several years. The most powerful of them occurred in 1944-1945. Klyuchevsky's activity is also characterized by "parasitic" craters located 8-25 km from the main one.

Shiveluch volcano in Kamchatka - one of the most active and large in size volcanoes - is characterized by the strongest eruptions. It is located 80 km from Kluchevskoy. Over the last several thousand years, about 60 major eruptions occurred in Shiweluch, the most disastrous of which date back to 1854 and 1956, when most of the lava dome collapsed, resulting in destructive avalanches of debris. This volcano of Kamchatka belongs to the Klyuchevskaya group of volcanoes and is about 65 thousand years old.

The Karymsky volcano is relatively low (1486 m) and young (6100 years) - the most active. Only in this century there were more than 20 eruptions, and the last of them began in 1996 and lasted 2 years. The eruptions of Karymsky are accompanied by bursts and ash outflow from the central crater with outflowing lava. Lava, which erupted Kamchatka volcano Karymsky, so sticky that, as a rule, glowing streams do not always reach the foot. The last eruption coincided with the underwater eruption of the Karymsky Lake, located 8 km. It lasted for only 20 hours, but during this short time there were about 100 submarine outbursts, each of which was accompanied by tsunami waves reaching 15 m in height. Due to the eruption of the volcano Karymskoe Lake, the water in which was very fresh and clean, has turned into the largest natural reservoir with the most acidic water in the world.

The volcano of Kamchatka, Nameless is located on the southeastern slope of the extinct volcano Kamen. Traces of lava flows can be found on the top of its slopes. It is a small and young volcano (4,700 years old), which was formed on top of a larger ancient volcano. In the mid-fifties, an eruption occurred, after which a large horseshoe crater formed. Since then, Nameless has been recognized as one of the most active volcanoes in Kamchatka. A new lava dome grows inside the crater, which often leads to explosive activity and pyroclastic flows. Since 2011, the volcanic dome has almost filled the crater.