The theme of poetry and poet in the lyrics of Nekrasov. The peculiarity of Nekrasov's lyrics

More than once many great artists of the word addressed the theme of poetry and poet, but in their works they disclose it in different ways.

Two Directions in Art

Two main trends in the question of how to understand the challenges facing art, were defined in the middle of the 19th century. Supporters of "pure art" believed that poetry is not in the image of reality. It consists in the elegance of the object and the form of the poem. Representatives of this direction consciously left the problems of reality and addressed in their work to "eternal" themes.

Representatives of the so-called "democratic" direction took the opposite position. They relied on the experience of poets, the Decembrists, Lermontov and Pushkin. Of course, Nekrasov also belonged to them. Creativity NA Nekrasov is a vivid example of service to the Motherland. Continuing the traditions of Lermontov and Pushkin, this poet constantly turned on his way to the theme of poetry and poetry. Many of Nekrasov's poems are dedicated to her. We will note in this article only the most famous and important ones.

The theme of poetry and poet in the lyrics of Nekrasov early years

Concerning this topic, Nekrasov was already inclined to compare his Muse ("Yesterday, hour in the sixth ...") in the 1940s with a simple woman who had left the people. Nikolai Alekseevich emphasized this by the very people of all his creativity, which he realized at an early age. At the same time, he showed the difficulties that the poet had to face at the beginning of the journey. It's about Nekrasov's struggle with journalistic harassment and censorship. Like a young peasant woman, his muse "was whipped" and "whipped".

The poem "Muse"

In the poem "Muse", written in 4 years, the poet develops these assessments and comparisons. His teacher, alas, does not sing sweet songs. She does not teach harmony, does not use the pipe. His muse has a different look. Again, the poet compares it with the peasant woman, but now more fully. She sings before the "smoky beam" in the "shabby hut". This peasant woman was "killed by the steep slope," "bent over by labor." However, Muza Nekrasov not only becomes like a village toiler. She is also called the "companion of the sad poor". For this poem Nekrasov is characterized by the fact that the disposition to revenge is a feature of the character of the muse. In this way, the poet prepares a complex synthesis, a definition formulated somewhat later, in the description of the wonderful "virgin", in 1855, when he called it "the muse of revenge and sorrow".

Two types of poets in the poem Nekrasov

Also Nekrasov reflects on the creator, in particular, in the work "Blessed is the gentle man ...". This creation, created during the "gloomy seven years", is dedicated to the memory of Nikolai Gogol (pictured below), just deceased. In it, despite the censorship, there is a struggle for triumph in the literature of the "Gogol" trend. In this poem, the theme of poetry and poet in Nekrasov's lyrics is revealed in a new way. Nikolai Alekseevich sharply contrasts the two types of poets: "the exposer of the crowd" and is an "unshakable" artist of the word.

Some researchers of the creativity of the author of interest to us are convinced of what he meant by Zhukovsky's "unshakable poet", who deserves this epithet. Under the "exposer of the crowd," satirist Nekrasov means Gogol. The way in the literature of this writer was "thorny". Gogol did not have "mercy" and rest from the opponents. "Cries of anger" and "blasphemy" constantly pursued him. And most importantly - it was Nikolai Vasilyevich, "armed with a satire" mouth, denounced the "punishing lyre" with public vices. Extremely close was Nekrasov's preaching of love "hatred" to evil, "the hostile word otritsanya." Like Nikolai Vasilyevich (his portrait is presented below), Nikolai Alexeyevich "loved hating." Nekrasov proclaimed his cherished idea that his fatherland is not loved by one who lives without anger and sorrow.

"Poet and Citizen"

The main themes and ideas of Nekrasov's lyrics were connected with one very important concept for Nikolai Alekseevich - "citizen". The poet, reflecting on the artist-creator, creates a poem called "Poet and Citizen." The image of the poet in it, he gave some of his own features, hesitations, doubts, although he sought, above all, to the typification of this image. The figure of the Citizen also differs in generality. He requires the Poet to respond to various life conflicts, serve the people actively, protect the disadvantaged. The Decembrist poetry goes back to the lines of Nikolai Alekseevich that one can not be a Poet, but a citizen - necessarily. Let us recall, for example, the formula of KF Ryleev (his portrait is presented below), who said that he was not a poet, but a citizen.

Nikolai Alekseevich develops this idea. "Conversation" and the drama of the work "Poet and Citizen" (Nekrasov) strengthened his dialogical form. However, she did not save from didacticism and some declarativeness, which manifested itself in rhetorical questions, instructions, appeals, motives, and also in the political vocabulary inherent in the era of Nekrasov.

"Poet"

The theme of poetry and poet in Nekrasov's lyrics goes through all his work. Nikolay Alekseevich, responding to the controversy about the role that the poet should play in society, which was conducted in journalism in the 1870s, creates a poem "In Memory of Schiller" ("Poet"). The problems and color of this work differ in many respects from the previous poems about poetry, as analysis of Nekrasov's lyrics shows. Nikolai Alekseevich no longer touches the theme of suffering and suffering, does not associate the words with the fate of the peasantry of the artist. Nekrasov, whose verses are often devoted to the sufferings of ordinary people, is limited to creating an ideal image of the Poet in this poem.

Who is the ideal image of the poet for Nekrasov?

For him, he is Schiller (his portrait is presented below).

The creativity, thought, life of this great German poet for Nekrasov are beautiful mainly because he sees in them the expression of the artist-judge, guided by the highest principles of beauty and morality. The author emphasizes in the heroic deed of his hero the sublime and beautiful. He is equal in his faithful service to the freedom of God. The poet is armed with "heavenly thunders". He stands above bankers and kings, and the "magic torch" raised by him as a "lamp of reason", already familiar to us, illuminates the way for people, brings them to the light.

His age and people need a poet. He serves them, not trying to close in the art, torn from life. The singer calls his muse only when the "types of good and love" are clear in his soul. According to the author, such a creator can and should remind people of the "high calling", and also, what is especially important now for Nekrasov, to bring "harmony" in their feelings and deeds, guided by the high ideal of beauty.

The poem "Elegy"

The theme of poetry and poet in Nekrasov's lyrics is also revealed in the poem "Elegy". This is perhaps the most dramatically expressive and profound poem on this subject in the work of the author of interest to us. Nikolay Alekseevich, understanding the post-reform years, makes a disappointing conclusion that the topic of "suffering of the people" has not lost its topicality. The lot of the peasants, the share of the people, are still unbearable and painful. As before, the "melodies of rural maidens" are filled with sorrow and sadness. The peculiarity of Nekrasov's lyrics throughout his work is the depiction of the suffering of the people. However, Nikolai Alekseevich in "Elegy" greatly expands the picture of the hardships of the peasants. He says, using the plural, about the calamities of various "peoples", implying a triumph of reaction in the states neighboring with Russia. Here people are experiencing at this time "a night without dawn" (the definition given in the poem "Smolkli honest ...", written in the same year).

Nekrasov's poems are known and loved by many today. The largest and most famous of them is "Who in Russia should live well?". Having read even one of this work from the entire work of the poet, one can understand how much Nikolai Alexeyevich loved the Russian people. However, not only Nekrasov's poems reflect the concern for him. The destinies of the people worry the author in many other works. Nikolay Alekseevich sees the ultimate purpose of the poet in being selflessly serving him. In "Elegy," Nekrasov, as if summarizing his work, saying: "I dedicated the lyre to my people." This can not be disagreed.