The medicine "Paracetamol". Application in medicine

Paracetamol, the use of which in medicine is due to its remarkable antipyretic, analgesic properties, is part of the most expensive cold remedies. Often people buy foreign medicines, even without thinking that ordinary paracetamol is the main active substance of these drugs.

The drug "Paracetamol", the use of which removes the first symptoms of colds, is referred to non-narcotic analgesics. The active substance is paracetamol, having the appearance of a white-cream crystalline powder. It is easily soluble in alcohol, but slightly soluble in water. The main advantage of this substance is that it is unlikely to produce methaemoglobin when it is used. That is why paracetamol is used both as an independent drug, and in combination with various substances such as caffeine, amidopyrine, phenobarbital, etc. With prolonged use in elevated doses, it can have a hepatoxic effect.

The drug "Paracetamol", the method of application of which depends on the form of release and the nature of the disease, is manufactured in such dosage forms: powder, tablets, syrup, rectal suppositories, suspension.

Indications:

• Febrile syndrome;
• Pain syndrome (arthralgia, myalgia, neuralgia, headaches and toothaches);
• Algodismenorea.

Paracetamol is an antipyretic agent, so it is often prescribed to rapidly reduce high fever with various colds.

Tablets are prescribed for 2-3 r. In such doses (after meals, with 200 ml of liquid):

- Children 0.5-1 g. - 0.025-0.05 g, 2-5 l. - 0,01-0,15 g, 6-12 liters. - 0.15-0.25 g.

- adults - 0,2-0,4 g.

The maximum duration of therapy is 3 days (as an antipyretic), 5 days (as analgesic).

Suppositories enter rectally 1-4 p. in a day:

- for adults - 500 mg;

- Children: 12-15 liters. - 250-300 mg; 8-12 liters. - 250-300 mg; 6-8 liters. - 250-300 mg; 4-6 liters. - 150 mg; 2-4 liters. - 150 mg; 1-2 g. - 80 mg; 0,5-1 g. - 80 mg.

When using this drug should closely monitor the functioning of the liver and the state of the hematopoiesis system.

The drug sometimes causes allergic reactions on the skin and mucous membranes (rash, itching, erythematous urticaria). Perhaps the emergence of angioedema, exudative erythema, toxic epidermal necrolysis. When taking elevated doses, there may be dizziness, psychomotor agitation, nausea, epigastric pain, hepatonecrosis, disorientation, hypoglycemia, anemia, methemoglobinemia (dyspnea, cyanosis, heart pain), sulphoglobinemia. With prolonged admission in elevated doses, the occurrence of agranulocytosis, pancytopenia, aplastic anemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, renal colic, interstitial nephritis.

The drug "Paracetamol", the use of which can cause symptoms of an overdose (nausea, diarrhea, increased sweating, decreased appetite, vomiting) should not be used uncontrollably. Acute overdose manifests itself after 6-14 hours. Chronic overdose occurs after 2-4 days. Symptoms: pain, increased sweating, adynamia.

Contraindications:

• Early age (up to 0.5 years),
• Hypersensitivity.

With caution, you need to take this drug with benign hyperbilirubinemia, old age, liver or kidney failure, alcohol damage to the liver, pregnancy and lactation, viral hepatitis, diabetes (as a syrup).

Special instructions: prolonged febrile syndrome with the use of this drug for more than 3 days, as well as pain syndrome, which lasts more than 5 days, needs consultation of the attending physician.

The drug "Paracetamol", the use of which with barbiturates reduces its effectiveness, should be taken only with medications prescribed by the doctor. Simultaneous reception with this medication ethanol can lead to acute pancreatitis. Simultaneous use of drugs "Diflunisal" and "Paracetamol" increases the risk of manifestation of hepatotoxicity of the latter.