The meaning of the word "Moveton" and other unpopular borrowings

Today, a lot of borrowing comes in modern language. And this is normal. The dictionary of new words of the Russian language is constantly updated with foreign expressions of varying degrees of processing and mastery. But at the same time, sometimes the values of older, seemingly already settled expressions are forgotten. Now, I'm sure, not everyone can really explain the meaning of the word "Moveton" or "ordination", and once these words were quite popular.

The Way of Borrowing: From Germanisms through Gallinism to Anglicisms

It all started with Peter. Since the beginning of the XVIII century, Russian noble society is keenly interested in European life, culture, fashion. Peter I, having built St. Petersburg, having cut through the window to Europe, strongly promoted the Russian Empire on the path of Europeanization. He borrowed a lot from Holland and something from Germany, along with technological innovations foreign names appeared for them. Since that time, a lot of Germanisms have remained, that is, words that came from Germanic languages, especially in the military and shipbuilding spheres. And the infatuation with other European countries - France, England - began later. And borrowing from the languages of these countries also appeared in Russian later. At the beginning of the XVIII century, Russia did not yet know what the meaning of the word "Moveton" was.

Too hot passion for France

But after the death of Peter Alekseevich, the interests of noblemen and noblewomen began to revolve around a completely different culture. Under the close attention of women of fashion, artists, patrons, philosophers and many other not indifferent Russians, France was located. The meaning of the word "Moveton" in those years could be explained in detail by any child. Fonvizin, a writer of the eighteenth century, even has a comedy "Brigadier" in which a nobleman is mocked, who exaggerates everything French and blindly imitates any manifestation of French culture and culture. In the author's opinion, the behavior of the "Brigadier" characters is mauvais. Russian noblemen spoke and wrote in French, wore dresses of foreign fashion, invited governesses from their homeland Voltaire to their children, so that they educated them and instilled in them the perfect Parisian pronunciation. Naturally, the words borrowed from the French language began to appear. Novelties especially bred in the sphere of fashion, decency and manners, military and everyday life. The word "Moveton", for example, was adopted at that time. The same applies to all the now familiar words: "battalion", "komilfo", "first floor", "voyage", "parachute", "broth" and others. Those who came from the French word are called Gallicisms, because the administrative ancestors of the French were precisely Gauls.

So what is a moveton?

The meaning of the word "Moveton" is a bad deed, a gesture, a word that does not correspond to decency. In other words, Moveton is a bad taste, impoliteness. The antonym is a comme il faut (yes, the very comme il faut, about which Leo Tolstoy wrote in his youth). This is not even so much behavior that meets the generally accepted rules of decency, and appropriate for a man by his own honor acts. In general, in the XVIII-XIX centuries the notions of decency, norms of behavior, etiquette meant much more than now. Comillo and mauve were in many respects the defining concepts on which people were judged in society.

New Century - New Borrowings

But here came the terrible 20th century, the October Revolution happened , the iron curtain fell. It is clear that there was no question of a general interest in foreign culture. On the contrary, during the existence of the USSR in other languages, borrowings from Russian appeared. But along with the culture of rock, with "Beatles", "Rolling Stones", along with jeans and foreign glossy magazines, along with everything banned, and therefore a hundred times more attractive and memorable in the USSR began to penetrate Americanisms - borrowing from the American version of the English language.

XXI Century

Nowadays, many words from English come to the Russian language, some new expressions from the Japanese (in the technical sphere and anime) and from the languages of the Caucasus. And to know the meaning of the word "Moveton" and to use it and the like remained a privilege of educated intelligent people.