The instruction of teachers of elementary and senior classes

Teacher of the school, signing a labor contract, drawn up in accordance with the LC RF, in most cases is obliged to get acquainted with the provisions of his job description. Its structure is also formed on the basis of various legal acts. What is the specificity of the job descriptions of teachers of modern Russian schools?

Specificity of the post of teacher

The work of the teacher, as a rule, is related to the age specialization. That is, a school employee can have the highest level of vocational training for teaching children of lower grades or, conversely, graduation. At the same time, the teacher's job description, as a rule, does not depend too much on the age of the pupils. Competences of the school employee remain generally the same regardless of the subjects. The teacher's task is to give knowledge.

Certainly, in some aspects, job descriptions may differ depending on the specialization of the school. There are private educational institutions, and there are state and municipal ones. The job description of a teacher in a commercial school may include provisions that are not envisaged by the government or even not recommended by the government, and therefore absent from the relevant government documents.

Uniformity of instructions

So, the job description of a school employee is a document that generally preserves uniformity regardless of the age specialization of the teacher or the subject that he teaches. This can be seen by examining several sample samples of the relevant documents.

This situation is quite logical. As we noted above, the teacher's task is to give knowledge, and this can not be done in any special way for the Russian language or mathematics, except by means of conducting classes. The unification of job descriptions is also due to the generality of the legal framework on which they are based.

In this sense, not only the documents published by educational institutions of the same status may be similar, in particular, secondary schools. The official instruction of the speech therapist, the DOW, in connection with the generality of the legal framework of the relevant institutions and schools, can by its structure generally correspond to a similar document regulating the professional activity of workers in general education organizations.

Legislative aspect

What regulations should the official instruction of the teacher correspond to? First of all, this is the Order of the Ministry of Healthcare and Social Development No. 761n, which approved the provisions of the Unified Qualification Handbook of posts, specifically in terms of the specifics of the work functions of teachers. Other important legal acts are the Law "On Education", the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, and the Federal Law "On the Fundamentals of Labor Protection". Also important are local regulatory sources - the Charter of the educational institution, the Collective Agreement or, for example, the Internal Regulations.

It can be noted that preambles, which contain any job description of teachers, usually indicate the noted legal acts as fundamental from the point of view of document development. Following the preamble are other structural parts of the job description. Let's consider their essence.

Structure of job description: appointment and dismissal

The teacher's job description includes provisions on the procedures for accepting a teacher for work and releasing him from his duties. The wording here is usually unambiguous and reflects the fact that the employee is approved in his position or removed from it by the headmaster. In accordance with the order of the head of the educational institution, the functions of the dismissed teacher can be temporarily assigned to other employees.

Requirements for the level of education

The teacher's job description in the school, as a rule, includes provisions reflecting the requirements for the level of education of a specialist. At the same time in many institutions it is accepted that the length of the work of a teacher is more important than the fact of having a diploma. However, there are schools in which the presence of a teacher of higher education may exclude him from the requirements for work experience. And this is prescribed in the job description.

Requirements for knowledge

The next section of the document of this type reflects the requirements for the knowledge of the teacher. New job descriptions of teachers, as a rule, include the following list.

First, the relevant documents reflect the requirements for knowledge of various legal acts. Namely: the Convention on the Rights of the Child, the Federal Law "On Education", possibly, municipal laws. Among them it is necessary to note labor legislation, various codes related to work, - Civil, Family. This, of course, is the Constitution of the Russian Federation.

Secondly, these are requirements for knowledge reflecting competencies in certain disciplines. Here the job description of a mathematics teacher may differ slightly in some formulations from a document for a specialist in teaching children Russian. However, for teachers of both profiles in the relevant part of the instruction may contain the same requirements for knowledge in the field of pedagogy, child psychology, hygiene, sociology. The job description of the teacher of the Russian language, mathematics, physics, geography will in any case contain the requirements concerning the possession of the methods of teaching the subject, the means of instruction.

Thirdly, the criteria characterizing the teacher's tools are indicated. These may be requirements for the knowledge of modern teaching technologies, approaches to developing learning, methods of persuasion, establishing trustworthy contacts with students and their parents.

Guidelines

The job description may contain provisions of a governing nature. Some of them may be close to the requirements that we discussed above. That is, for example, in some educational institutions in the instructions it is prescribed that the teacher should be guided by such and such laws, regulations, norms. In fact, such wording coincides with those stated in the section on qualification requirements. But in addition to them, the job description may contain guidance provisions concerning, for example, impartiality in communicating with students, observance of their rights, or their official or civil duties.

Competencies

In a number of schools, the competence of teachers is prescribed in job descriptions. In fact, they represent the same requirements, but adapted to specific areas of the educational process. Let's look at some examples of competencies that can be included in the relevant document. Note that they are typical for teachers of any profile, and therefore they can include both the official instruction of the primary school teacher and the one that is adapted to the activities of school employees specializing in the education of older children.

Professional competence

First of all, professional competence is important for the teacher . She assumes that the teacher has the skills to effectively solve problems in the field of pedagogical education, knows how to use his life experience and learning experience. Professional competence also presupposes the possession of the necessary technologies that are involved in the learning process - computer, psychological, sociological. Also in this area of skills is the interest in specialized literature and the improvement of pedagogical qualifications.

Communicative competence

Communication competence is very important. She suggests that the teacher can easily find a common language with the children. Such provisions often contain the job description of the teacher-speech therapist, since the corresponding skill is necessary for communication with students who may have difficulties with pronunciation.

This type of competence is important for the teacher in terms of the correct delivery of the required information to the child in a form understandable to him. And this applies to both classes conducted in the classroom, and individual lessons, which can also be included in the training programs.

In many modern schools, the teacher's job description includes provisions on information competence. Here we mean the availability of knowledge and skills that help to quickly find the data required for the organization of an effective learning process - on the Internet, in reference and legal systems, in libraries.

Legal competence

The legal competence of the teacher is extremely important. It involves not only knowing, conditionally speaking, the content of laws relating to work, but also a correct interpretation of their essence, possession of general principles reflecting the law enforcement practice of the relevant legal acts. This competence - among those that do not depend on the specialization of the employee in the school, they can include the job description of a teacher of primary school or a teacher teaching older children.

Teacher functions

The most important section of this type of document is the function of the school employee. Among the basic ones that are contained in the job descriptions of many educational institutions, the following can be noted: the education and upbringing of children, taking into account their individual psychological, physiological characteristics and features of the subject, the organization of the educational process in classrooms and classes outside the school schedule, the promotion of socialization and the enhancement of the culture of children , As well as observance of the necessary safety rules in the classroom.

Official duties

Perhaps this is one of the key sections of the job description. In the corresponding type of duty, teachers can include:

• Compliance with the necessary qualification characteristics, passing the timely attestation in order to confirm them;
• Guarantees of following the school statute and internal regulations, observance of the terms of the employment contract, fulfillment of one's own duties, orders of the head, compliance with the criteria of discipline;
• Passing regular medical examination, confirming fitness for the implementation of professional activities for health reasons;
• Respect for the rights and freedoms of students, their parents, their colleagues, respect for their legitimate interests.

In many schools (in state and municipal schools it is almost always necessary), the official instruction of the teacher on GEF (according to the Federal State Educational Standard) is adopted. In this case, the provisions regarding the compliance of the educational process with the GEF standards can be included in the teacher's range of responsibilities.

In the structure of the duties of the teacher there may be points that reflect the need to carry out tests, adjust the curricula based on their results, and approve the corresponding programs aimed at improving the performance of children.

Teacher rights

The teacher's job description, as a rule, fixes the rights of the employee of the educational institution. Which of them can be called the base?

First of all, this is the right to participate in the management of the school through discussions within the Pedagogical Council. This right to protect professional honor, personal dignity. Depending on the specifics of the school, the corresponding list can be very broad. Thus, many educational institutions record in their job descriptions the rights of the teacher :

• On freedom of choice of teaching methods, specific textbooks and other materials that, in the opinion of the school employee, are best suited for the implementation of the program;
• To get acquainted with the experience of other teachers by visiting their lessons - in accordance with the understanding or recommendations of the director;
• To increase professional competence, to voluntary certification, the result of which can be a higher qualification category;
• On social guarantees - such as, for example, extended vacation, pension provision for long service and other benefits provided for by the laws of the Russian Federation.

This is the structure of a typical job description of a teacher at a Russian school. It can be noted that the sphere of education in the Russian Federation remains among the most dynamic, including in the aspect of regulatory legislation. It is possible that over time, the requirements for compiling job descriptions for school employees will be different. But while they are organized quite logically and on the whole reflect the specifics of the modern educational process.