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The history of Venice. Sights of Venice

Venice is a city on the water. The history of this corner is amazing. But before you go on holiday, it must be carefully planned. In advance, study the historical sights of the place where you are going to rest. This article is intended for those who decided to go on a trip to the most romantic corner of Europe.

Historical reference

The history of Venice is more than one hundred years old. This Italian city is located on the Adriatic coast. So historically, most of the city "stands on the water." Venice is beautiful. The history of the city is interesting and full of amazing events.

Its name was given to the city in honor of the Venetian tribe who inhabited this territory. After many centuries, the Venetians assimilated, but even today one can meet their descendants in a place like Venice. The history of the city's appearance goes back centuries. And the best time to visit the city on the water is May and June!

The history of Venice. Basilica of Santa Maria della Salute

It so happened that Venice is a city of romance and love. Also there are delightful cathedrals and churches, including the Basilica of Santa Maria della Salute. The history of Venice tells curious tourists that this basilica is the largest domed temple. It is located opposite the Doge's Palace, which will be discussed later.

The construction of the basilica in honor of the Virgin Mary was completed in 1682. The church is the pearl of a city like Venice. The history of the basilica is amazing. In 1630 the plague raged in Europe. The townspeople offered prayers to the Holy Virgin. Unable to fight the bubonic plague, people died on the streets of the city. The city authorities appealed to the Most Pure. If she stops the epidemic, then in her honor in Venice will erect a unique cathedral. The Holy Virgin mourned, the plague retreated from the city, and the authorities immediately embarked on the promised construction.

The architect of the basilica was the young and talented Balthazar Longen. The history of the creation of Venice confirms that the cathedral was built almost 50 years. Unfortunately, the architect did not live to see the completion of the basilica. Every year on November 21, the Venetians celebrate the victory over the plague and praise the Virgin Mary in the festive mass. Externally, the basilica looks grand. It is decorated with pilasters, tympani and sculptures. The interior of the church is not inferior to the exterior. When visiting places of worship, clothing should be appropriate. Nothing bright and open on you should not be.

St. Mark's Square

The history of Venice is closely connected with this square. The first information in historical chronicles about this area dates back to the 9th century. Three centuries later, it was expanded. They named it in honor of the cathedral opposite to which it is located. For many years, the main attraction of Piazza San Marco was the feeding of tame pigeons. Is famous for San Marco and the fact that it was shot a huge number of films!

The square itself consists of two so-called parts:

  • Piazzetta - distance from the Grand Canal to Campanile.
  • Piazza - the square in front of the entrance to the Cathedral of San Marco.

Stepping into the piazzetta, you will immediately see two white grandiose columns. There used to be three of them. Columns of Saints Theodore and Mark were donated to the Venetians as a trophy in honor of the victory over the King Constantinople of Tire. To extract such a unique and huge exhibit from the ship is a serious matter. Unfortunately, the third column broke and fell to the bottom of the lagoon. It was not possible to get it. A few centuries later the column was covered with a dense layer of silt of the lagoon.

Basilica of San Marco

Walking around St. Mark's Square, be sure to visit the cathedral of the same name. This is a Catholic temple, which differs from all other religious buildings with unique elements of Byzantine architecture. Built basilica was back in the year 832! But in 976 there was a fire. The basilica was rebuilt again. Byzantine style remained dominant, but elements of Gothic, Roman and Oriental styles were added. The walls inside the cathedral are decorated with unique antique mosaic canvases. Also in the cathedral there is cancer with the relics of St. Mark. To visit the cathedral tickets are not needed, admission is free. You should not wear open clothes in such places, and also shoot.

The most grandiose channel

The Grand Canal has an S-shaped form, pervades the entire main Venetian city. The great canal takes its start from the Saint Mark's Basin. Its 4-kilometer path extends to Santa Lucia Railway Station. The width of the channel varies from 30 to 90 meters. Its depth is about five meters.

Going to sail on the gondola, you will see 4 beautiful famous bridges:

  • A new bridge to the Constitution;
  • Rialto Bridge;
  • The Scalzi Bridge;
  • Bridge Academy.

In the 10th century the area with the Grand Canal was the center of Venice. There was a huge number of markets and points of trade. This is easily explained by the fact that sea traders swam along the canal on ships and made large trade deals.

Five centuries later, the Venetians built the Grand Canal with Gothic-style buildings. And in the following centuries it was "marked" by the styles of baroque and classicism.

The grandiose construction was completed by the 18th century. And even now no one builds buildings there anymore.

The Doge's Palace

This palace is a must for tourists. His story is long. The very first building was erected in the XIV century, when the Venetian state was powerful and rich. At that time, the Turkish threat did not exist yet, since the Turks did not have a serious fleet. The Ducal Palace was intended for the first persons of the state. It was the seat of the Grand Council and the Council of Ten. The Ducal Palace was rebuilt many times. It burned several times, during the period of the republic's power it did not correspond to its greatness, which caused another perestroika, etc. That is why the palace does not have a single style. Its facade is similar to an inverted ship, it marks the elements of architecture inherent in Gothic and Byzantine.

The courtyard is decorated with a large number of statues. Through it you could get to the second level, where the ceremony of coronation of the Doges took place. On this same floor are the private apartments of statesmen of the past centuries.

The Doge's Palace has many rooms and halls. The first hall in which you will fall into the quality of tourists is Purple. In him came the doge of the prosecutor's office, wearing a purple robe. The ceiling of the hall is decorated with shades, separates their stucco molding in gold. With the rest of the halls you will get acquainted with the excursion.

Rialto Bridge

Continue the tour and return to the Grand Canal, to the Rialto Bridge. Let's talk about him. This is the very first bridge over the Grand Canal. It is the symbol of Venice. Rialto Bridge opens the top ten most popular places in Venice. There are 24 trading tents selling souvenirs. William Shakespeare wrote about this ferry in the play "The Merchant of Venice." The history of this bridge is impressive. It burned several times, because it was erected from a tree. It happened that the ferry did not withstand the load and collapsed. But in 1551 the authorities held a competition for the best stone crossing. Among the works of the participants was the project of Michelangelo himself. But the winner was the unknown architect Antonio de Ponte. Envious people whispered that the bridge would not survive and collapse. However, they were wrong. The bridge is the seventh hundred years old, and it's standing. True, the authorities of Venice are carrying out a large-scale reconstruction until December 2016.

The Rialto Bridge is small in size:

  • The maximum height in the center is 7.5 meters;
  • The length of the bridge is 48 meters.

The bridge supports the tourists. Each of them has 6 thousand piles, hammered into the bottom of the Grand Canal.

School of the Grande di San Rocco

The school, erected more than 6 centuries ago by the means of citizens, stands and admires tourists even today. Today, the charitable organization is located in the building. And the school began its educational activity in 1515. They named it in honor of Saint Rocco. Venetians believed that it was this saint who guarded the city from the raging plague. Today, for tourists in this building are exhibited paintings, which are already five hundred years! All of them are perfectly preserved. The main virtues of the San Rocco school are the paintings "The Adoration of the Shepherds", as well as the "Temptation of Christ".

At last about the fairy Italian city ...

The history of the construction of Venice is closely connected with the flowering of the Venetian Republic. Fabulous Italy is waiting for tourists. It is worth remembering that life in Venice revolves around channels, including the Grand Canal. For them, transport moves. Be sure to buy a carnival mask for your memory, it's a symbol of Venice.

In 2017, the Venice Carnival will be held from 11 to 28 February. Two fabulous weeks await you. But always remember that visiting is good, but at home it's better!

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