The capital of Dagestan: sights, mosques, theaters of Makhachkala. Where is the city of Makhachkala on the map of Russia?

Dagestan, in translation from Turkic - "country of mountains", is an autonomous republic of Russia. Its capital, the city of Makhachkala, is considered not only one of the largest cities of the North Caucasus, but also the most beautiful. Parks, theaters, numerous shady squares, carefully guarded architectural monuments - all this gives the city a special flavor. And the hospitality and hospitality of the townspeople create a desire among tourists to visit again, once and for all, this wonderful corner of the Earth.

City `s history

At the place where the current capital of Dagestan is located Makhachkala, in ancient times a trade route from the regions of the Volga region to Persia lay. In the VII century there was a magnificent city of Semender, which was the capital of the Khazars. "Vengeance" was going to them prophetic Oleg, but it was carried out by his distant relative, Prince Svyatoslav. In 966, he completely destroyed the city. In 1722, during his campaign against Persia, about this place, near the town of Tarki, but closer to the sea, Peter I broke his camp. In 1844, a military fortification was erected here. They called him Petrovsky in memory of the great sovereign. A convenient location favored the fact that the fortress quickly developed and became frustrated. Already in 1857, it became known as the city of Petrovsky. His production expanded, the population grew rapidly. In 1870, a port was built here, in 1876 - a brewery, in 1878 - a printing house, and in 1894 began laying railway branches to Vladikavkaz and Baku. In 1918, Petrovsk was renamed Shamil-Kala, wishing to perpetuate the memory of the national hero Imam Shamil. Since 1921, the city bears the name of the Bolshevik Magomed-Ali Dakhadayev, who was popularly called Makhach.

Where is Makhachkala on the map of Russia

Makhachkala is located on the territory called Anji-Kala, which is translated from Kumyk as "diamond hail". It is a small strip of lowland between the Caspian Sea and the Tarki-Tau mountain. Five kilometers away is the Tarki town park, which also has its remarkable history and its attractions. Tarki is mentioned in the chronicles of the 7th century. Then it was a small village. By the beginning of the 17th century it became the capital of Tarkovsky's shamkhal. During the Persian campaign of Peter the Great Tarki was considered the largest city of Dagestan. The geographical location of Makhachkala is amazing. It stands directly on the shore of the ice-free winter of the Caspian Sea, near the mountains of the Greater Caucasus. A little further along the coast is the city of Kaspiysk, and inland from the sea - Leninkent.

Administrative division of Makhachkala

The capital of Dagestan is divided into three districts: Leninsky, Kirovsky and Sovetsky. Leninsky occupies the southeastern part of the city.
There are several central avenues here - the names of Imam Shamil, A. Sultan, Peter the Great, Hamidov. Also here is the area named after Peter the Great with a park of children's and adult attractions "Dragon". Leninsky district is decorated with a wonderful lake and two modern hotels "Ak-Gol" and "Petrovsk". There are many shops and transport routes. Makhachkala Airport also belongs to the Leninsky district.

The Soviet area belongs to the city center. On its territory are Mount Tarki-Tau, the historical part of Makhachkala and the famous Juma Mosque. Here is the central railway station. Station and Makhachkala lighthouse.

Kirov region is territorially the largest. In his department is the north of Makhachkala and many suburbs, right up to the famous island of Chechnya.

Water pool of the city

The capital of Dagestan is famous for its rich natural resources. On the territory of the city there are three unusually beautiful lakes. In the Kirov region, the slightly tapered Lake Vuzovskoe splashes. On its banks is built the homonymous microdistrict with a modern infrastructure. In the Leninsky district, not far from the sea, there is a fairly large lake Ak-Gol. It is known for its rounded outlines and an amusement park, located directly on the beach. A bit to the north there is a small mud mud with mud. In 20 minutes drive from Makhachkala lies the seaside town of Kaspiysk, on the border of which there are two more wonderful lakes - Big and Small Turali. The territory of Makhachkala is crossed by two rivers - Tarnair and Talginka (the second name is Cherkes-Ozen). On their shores beautiful embankments are built. Also in the city there is a man-made river - the channel named after the October Revolution.

Climatic conditions

The capital of Dagestan, the city of Makhachkala, is located in a natural belt with a temperate continental climate. Summer here is hot, with an average air temperature of +24 degrees, and water - +22 degrees. In some years, the air temperature from May to October can be kept within the range of +30 ... + 38 degrees. Also there were especially cold periods in the history of the city, when the summer temperature did not rise above +10 degrees. Winters in Makhachkala are moderately cool, with a minimum air temperature of -2 degrees. Very rarely in the region there are unusually cold winters. Thus, the lowest temperature of the winter months is fixed at -26 degrees Celsius. Precipitation in Makhachkala falls usually evenly throughout the year. Only in July and August their number is slightly less than the rest of the time. The winds in this area are also moderate. Their average speed is only about 4 meters per second. The proximity of the mountains creates in Makhachkala a not entirely favorable seismic situation. The largest earthquake here was in 1970.

Transport

As part of Russia, Dagestan is a republic. The capital of this autonomous territorial unit is Makhachkala - it has air and railway communication with large cities of the Russian Federation. From Makhachkala Airport you can fly to Moscow, St. Petersburg, Krasnoyarsk, Sochi and some other cities. International flights are carried out to Dubai, Istanbul, Baku, Bishkek. Railway transport connects Makhachkala with Moscow, St. Petersburg, Astrakhan. In addition to long-distance trains, there is a suburban connection to Derbent and Khasavyurt. In Makhachkala there is a trading seaport and two bus terminals. The city transport system is represented by trolleybuses and fixed-route taxis.

Museums

The capital of Dagestan, Makhachkala, takes care of its history. In the city there are the Museum of Military Glory of Dagestan, the Museum of the History of the Theaters of the Republic, which is now being replenished with new exhibits, the Historical and Architectural Museum. 150 thousand exhibits are presented in it, among which are ancient, very valuable manuscripts and archeological excavations. It is known that in the territory of Makhachkala the first settlements arose in the second century. To this day, the city has often experienced natural and political cataclysms. Their testimonies can be seen in the museum, which is considered the largest in the North Caucasus.

The Museum "Dagestan aul", located in the center of the city, is of great interest. The objects of everyday life of native Dagestanis, the interior of their dwellings in different epochs, clothing, and weapons are exhibited here. The youngest in Makhachkala Museum of History of the city. It is interesting because it was created by the citizens themselves. They also provided most of the exhibits for free.

Almost in the center of the city there is another museum - Fine Arts. Here is collected a unique collection of decorative and applied art, considered the largest in the world.

sights

In addition to unique museums, Makhachkala has many monuments, wonderful parks, shady avenues and squares. On the station square of all visitors meets a monument to Mahach Dahadayev. Makhachkala residents and the memory of the five-time world champion Ali Aliyev were immortalized. Constant interest in tourists is a monument to the Russian teacher. In Makhachkala there is the grave of Rasul Gamzatov. He is buried next to his wife Patimat.

One of the most famous sights is the Central Juma Mosque. In Makhachkala, this is one of the most visited places. Juma is built according to the type of the Blue Mosque in Istanbul. It increases every year in area, but at the same time its geometric proportions and aesthetic harmony are preserved. Three more mosques are located in Tarki. A little higher is the historical fortress of Burnaya. For Orthodox believers in Makhachkala, the Holy Dormition Cathedral functions.

Theaters

The capital of Dagestan can rightly be called a city with high creative potential.

Theaters in Makhachkala occupy an important place in the life of citizens and always attract tourists. Drama Theater. Gorky was the first in the city. This happened at the dawn of Soviet power - in 1926. For many years, well-known worldwide productions have been successfully performed here, famous artists have worked. Musical Drama Theater. Tsadasy was established in the 30s of the last century in the village of Khunzak. Since 1968, he is in Makhachkala. In addition to Avarsky, the Kumyk Music Drama Theater is working in the city. Salavatova, Laksky Music and Drama Theater. Kapieva, Puppet, Opera and Ballet Theater, "Dzislam" - the Song Theater.

Sanatoriums

Very beautiful and interesting for tourists the city of Makhachkala. Photos of its attractions, streets and squares are clearly demonstrated. It is famous for its health resorts. One of them is the "Talgi" sanatorium. It is located 15 minutes drive from Makhachkala, in the picturesque valley of Talginskaya, near Mount Kukur. The rest are waiting for modern buildings, an excellent medical and diagnostic center, care and hospitality of the staff. Treat the "Talg" musculoskeletal system, nervous, skin and gynecological diseases.

Approximately half an hour's drive from Makhachkala is the sanatorium "Caspian". Its buildings are built right in the forest, on the coast of the Caspian Sea. It perfectly combines therapeutic forest air, health-improving waters of the Caspian Sea and the magical energy of the mountains. Also in Makhachkala there are sanatoriums "Dagestan", "Tarnair" and two children's health-improving centers.