The amazing human eye: the structure and functions

The eye of a man whose structure we will consider in the framework of this article is not in vain compared with the mirror of the soul! About their beauty, long ago, millions of odes, poems and legends were built. From century to century, the eyes are considered inextricably linked with the soul of man. Even the most authoritative scientists who know firsthand about what our vision is, do not cease to marvel at him to this day, calling this mechanism a true miracle of nature!

The eye of a person. Structure

Our eyes are often compared with the camera. And indeed: there is a casing (the cornea of the eye), and the lens (its lens), and the diaphragm (iris), and even a photosensitive film (the retina of the eye). The structure of the human eye , the figure of which is attached, tells us about the following.

Outwardly our eyeball has the irregular shape of the ball. It is safely hidden in the corresponding eye sockets of the skull. The organ itself consists of auxiliary components (tear organs, eyelids, conjunctiva, oculomotor muscles) and the so-called optical apparatus (watery moisture, cornea, vitreous, lens, posterior and anterior chambers).

The eye of a man whose structure is of the most severe nature is covered by the lower and upper eyelids. Outside, they are covered with skin, and inside - conjunctiva (the thinnest wet coat). It should be noted that it is the eyelids that contain special lacrimal glands for moistening the mucous eye.

Outer shell of the eye

It is the so-called sclera (eye protein), the front part of which is visible through a transparent conjunctiva. The sclera passes into the cornea, without which no human eye can exist.

Structure of the cornea

This is the most convex part of our visual organ. Figuratively speaking, this is our "lens", our window into the world of visual senses!

Iris

This is a kind of diaphragm, located behind the transparent cornea. Outwardly it is a tiny little film, which has a certain color (brown, gray, blue, green, etc.).

Pupil

In its center is a round black hole. This is the pupil. It is through it that all rays pass that reach the retina. In the pupil area is the lens. This is a kind of biconvex lens that takes an active part in the accommodation of the eye.

Structure of the human retina

In its essence, it very much resembles our brain. Speaking figuratively, this is a kind of window in the brain. Outwardly it resembles a plate consisting of 10 layers of cells. The retina of the eye is transparent. Of course, its most important layer is the photoreceptors, which include so-called cones and rods.

The cones are responsible for the acuity of our vision in the distance, and the sticks provide the periphery. It is worth noting that both cones and rods are on the back of the retina. Therefore, the light that comes from outside, must necessarily pass through other layers that stimulate them.

And finally

The structure of our eye is so difficult, and the organ is so fragile and tender that the visual process itself is nothing more than a real miracle!