Support-columnar foundation: features, advantages

If you at least once were engaged in the construction of a private house or any other structure, then surely, like many future homeowners, tried to save money at the planning stage of the budget and construction. When people pursue such a goal, they try to reduce costs for the most costly stages of construction. Perhaps you are among them, then for you the information below will be useful.

An effective and reasonable solution in this matter is the use of the most accessible and simple pillar-pillar foundation, which is replaced by an expensive point-screw or shallow base. A positive result will be achieved if construction technologies and norms are observed.

Key Features

The columnar foundation may seem weak at first glance, but in fact it shows reliability. If you comply with the rules of construction, the design will be ready to last even longer than the building itself. In addition to durability, there are several distinctive features, among which:

• Impressive construction speed;
• low cost;
• Minimal waterproofing of supports;
• The possibility of using supports on any type of soil;
• The ideality of such a foundation for wooden buildings.

Why choose a columnar foundation

The columnar foundation supports the installation of supports in a short time, which is especially important when compared with monolithic bases. In the first case, the construction time is reduced by several times. Comparing such foundations with tape, you can understand that the first win when it comes to price. After all, the construction of supports is 2 times cheaper.

You can build such a foundation on all types of soil, as an exception, the swampy areas and rocks occur. Such soils do not allow digging pits to install supports. When it comes to the construction of a wooden house, the columnar foundation is the best solution, because it provides ventilation of the building and eliminates the dampening of the wooden floor.

Main advantages

The columnar foundation is so popular for the reason that it has many advantages. Among other things, one should emphasize the possibility of using this type of foundation for small frame houses and baths. The use of a columnar foundation at the construction of a house can reduce the possibility of soil swelling to an acceptable minimum, which does not affect the resource of the structure.

To do this, along the perimeter of the foundation, it will be necessary to place drains at the level of the sole. Grillage in this case falls below the ground by 30 cm, and the blind is insulated for 30 cm in depth. This condition can be used for foundations with any construction, but piles are installed with a smaller construction budget and little labor.

Additional benefits

The columnar foundation, the pros and cons of which should be considered before the beginning of the work, can be erected not only on the pitted soil, but also on the loose soil, the latter at the same time will be deposited minimally during the operation of the building, which is explained by the insignificant mass of the poles in comparison with the ribbon of shallow Foundation. For a brick cottage, the described construction technology will be ideal, which is especially true when the base should be deepened below the freezing line of the soil. This saves up to 50% of the budget.

The main disadvantages

Before you begin the construction of a pillar-pillar foundation, you should also consider the disadvantages, among them it should be noted:

• Unsuitable for complex terrain;
• Impossibility of erection on weak grounds.

As for the first factor, at a height difference of 1.5 m, impressive horizontal loads will be observed from the effect of punching, which will cause the columns to tip over. Do not use the described construction and in the case where weak soils prevail on the territory, this is true for muddy and peaty soils, as well as for water-saturated clay, which has an insignificant design resistance. Using a sufficiently powerful grillage, you can compensate for horizontal movements of the soil. But in this case, the economic effect will decrease, so it will be easier to choose a floating monolithic slab, for the arrangement of which is not needed there will be impressive amounts of excavation.

Reviews about the features of technology

Supported-columnar foundation, the reviews are very positive, is built on a special technology. To do this, columnar supports are prepared, which are located on a gravel cushion. Further, formwork is made, where concrete is poured. According to the owners of private houses, the laying of supports can be made of quarry stone or brick. The column supports are made of concrete blocks. The platforms are cast in the form of pyramids, each element is attached to the ground.

The columnar foundation of concrete blocks, according to developers, has a stability, half of which depends on the condition of the pillow. If we compare the finely-grooved columnar supports with other bases, then the first allow a qualitative and thorough waterproofing, warming and drainage of the bottom.

Nuances of works

Home masters assert that the bearing capacity of the soil and its density affect the depth of the excavation, where the pillars that serve as supports are installed. When the construction is carried out on a stone basis or fine sand, then it is possible to lay only the gravel along the ground with a layer of 15 cm. The support will be more stable if the ratio of the height of the support to the section is less. A layer of sand and gravel is covered with gravel screening, which is sometimes replaced by dense geotextiles.

According to experts, this sole perfectly copes with the removal of water and allows to ensure the stability of the supports on the watered soil. The power and depth of the pillow, according to the home masters, are chosen taking into account the magnitude of the transverse load and the rigidity of the lower crown of the building. For thin and elongated pillars of asbestos-cement pipes, the depth is greater. If concrete supports are installed, there will be enough surface sanding.

Strengthening the foundation

If you decided to thoroughly study how to strengthen the pillar-pillar foundation, then you know: for this you can use several techniques. This is especially true when the columnar supports are made of red brick. It will be necessary to prepare a foundation pit, the depth of which is 25 cm. Its bottom is covered with a pillow and concreted to install a brick column.

It is important for this to prepare a support pad with a thickness of 15 cm. Its size should be larger than the cross-section of the support by 40%. To reinforce concrete, the reinforcing cage should be laid, which can consist of three or four bars. To do this, use 8 mm steel. The support frame must be laid out at a design height of brick. For added strength, high-quality or granite concrete should be used, to which basalt or fine granite removal is added. The pillar-pillar foundation of concrete blocks, about which reviews are much better than about brick structures, is collected in a similar way. The only difference is that the solution for laying blocks is prepared using the same technology as for concrete.

Features of the foundation of the blocks

The column-pillar foundation, the price of which will be 200 000 rubles, if the design will provide for the presence of 16 pillars, can deform if the technology is not observed. Arrange the load-bearing elements every three meters, they must be at the corners and in the places where the walls intersect each other.

Do not make the pillars too frequent, because it will increase the costs of building materials and forces. Depending on the unevenness of the section, the recesses for the supports may be equal to a limit of 150 to 300 mm. With a slight slope on the site, one support can consist of 5 blocks, while the other one consists of one or two. If the construction is conducted on a flat site, the poles should not have more than 3 blocks in height, while the recess for them is 200 mm. The column-pillar foundation of the blocks can withstand a greater weight of the building, if it is correct to make support pads for the installation of poles. This will increase the load-bearing capacity of the soil.

Supporting areas can be performed in different ways. Some put under the blocks pavement tiles of a square shape with a side of 400 mm or 500 mm. But this approach can not be called correct, because the tile is not designed for increased load and almost always cracks, losing its purpose.

It is better to fill the area with reinforcement in one row, to strengthen the road net should be used. However, it is better to use reinforcement, the diameter of which will be from 10 to 12 mm. Such monolithic sites in section will have a square with a side of 400 mm or 600 mm. Their thickness will be equal to the number in the range from 50 to 70 mm. This option is considered more time-consuming, but the most reliable.

Recommendations of specialists

Do not neglect the installation phase of the support pads. Some builders immediately begin to install blocks on a sand cushion. If the supports do not have a solid foundation, after a while they will begin to "walk" at the first serious load. If you still decided to resort to this technology, the blocks in the first row should consist of two products, and the installation should be carried out with overlapping. In the cross section, the foundation post should have the following dimensions: 400 x 400 mm. By saving time on the construction of a pivot, you will spend money on purchasing additional blocks.

Conclusion

If the territory for building a fairly flat terrain, the erection of a pillar-pillar foundation will be much less expensive than laying a shallow ribbon or a monolithic slab. As the main minus of this decision is only insignificant resistance to overturning. In this connection, measures are taken to reduce the strength of the whipping. But this disadvantage is compensated by the advantages of a high resource, as well as the possibility of installation on freezing soils. For a columnar foundation, a prefabricated or monolithic grillage is a prerequisite.