State Civil Service of the Russian Federation. Law on State Civil Service

The word "service" is interpreted in different meanings. This term is understood as a certain social activity of people, the place of work of a person, a special attitude to the case, and so on. V. Dal connected this word with such values as utility, readiness for action, etc. Today, as a rule, the service is understood as a relationship of loyalty, duty, loyalty, ability to protect someone's interests.

Definition

The state civil service of the Russian Federation is a professional activity of a certain category of persons. The places of their work are authorities at different levels. It is not considered civil civil service stay in the ranks of the army and law enforcement. Financing of work of authorized persons of authorities is carried out from means of budgets depending on a level. For the structures functioning in the regions, these are regional receipts, for state institutions - federal.

Normative base

The activity under consideration is regulated by:

1. Law "On the system of civil service." This act was adopted on May 27, 2003. It defines the basic concepts, establishes the principles for the implementation of professional activities of employees. In this normative act, activities are also delimited from other powers.
2. FZ "On State Civil Service". It was adopted on July 27, 2004. This regulatory act details the professional activities of employees. The document formulates restrictions and prohibitions, the order under which employment is carried out. Issues that do not cover the Federal Law "On State Civil Service" are regulated by the provisions of the TC.

In addition, there are other regulatory acts that regulate this area. In particular, they include presidential decrees, government resolutions, orders of regional authorities.

Specificity

The federal (state) civil service reflects the functions, tasks and basic features of the country's organization. It is designed to ensure their practical implementation. The word "state" in the definition, therefore, indicates that the employee in his activity acts on behalf of and on behalf of the authorities. This work assumes constant, competent and continuous maintenance of realization of the powers transferred to employees. The Law "On State Civil Service" establishes certain requirements for persons entering the staff of power structures. Subjects must possess certain knowledge, skills, which are acquired during special training of personnel.

Tasks

The state civil service is necessary for:

1. Ensuring the constitutional order of the country.
2. Formulating strategies for political, social, economic development.
3. The selection of personnel capable of realizing the tasks that society poses to the authorities.
4. Creation of organizational structures.
5. Protection of interests, freedoms and rights of the population, formation of conditions for the development of the individual.

Functions that are implemented by the state civil service are relatively separate and independent main types of professional activity in the exercise of power.

Principles

The Law "On State Civil Service" establishes special provisions on which all activities of authorized entities and individuals are based. All principles have a close relationship with each other. They reflect the content, forms and essence of civil civil service. The consolidation of the basic provisions acts as the most important ideological and theoretical basis. It connects all types of activities under consideration to a complex legally sound system. The principles on which the civil service is based consolidate the requirements put forward by the society and other subjects of government.

The Rule of the Constitution

This is the key principle on the basis of which all the activities of the authorities are built. The state civil service, as was said above, is regulated by various normative acts. However, the main role among them belongs to the Constitution. Only based on its provisions, the subjects of the country should and can have their own legislation on civil civil service. In the event of collisions, the Constitution and other normative acts adopted at the highest level will prevail.

The Principle of Federalism

This provision ensures the unity of the entire system, as well as the observance of the delineation of powers and subjects of authority between the supreme and regional authorities. The federal service belongs to the competence of the Russian Federation, the subject matter - to issues resolved within the framework of joint activities of the Russian Federation and its subjects. Within the framework of differentiation, the scope of authority of the supreme authority should be sufficient to form a single organizational and legal institution. The implementation of the principle of federalism requires a holistic regulatory framework.

Priority of rights

The Constitution of the Russian Federation proclaimed a person the highest value. The state's duty is to protect its civil and personal interests and rights. This, in turn, is the duty of the authorities. Recognition, observance and protection of human and citizen's rights and freedoms are elevated to the rank of the fundamental principles of the state civil service. It is important that authorized persons acting on behalf of power structures, not only in words but also in deeds, ensure the implementation of this task.

Equal access to activities

The principle of equality, as well as the priority of human and civil rights, is also constitutional. It means that persons have equal access to professional activities, regardless of:

• Nationality;
• Sex;
• Race;
• Property status;
• Religion;
• Place of residence and so on.

Positions of the state civil service

Positions that may be occupied by persons involved in the activity under consideration are divided into several categories:

1. Leaders. Appointment to these posts can be carried out for a certain period or termless.
2. Counselors (assistants). Such posts are established to assist substitute individuals, managers and their deputies.
3. Specialists. They ensure that state bodies fulfill their tasks and functions. For such positions, individuals are appointed without a term of office.
4. Providing specialists. These posts are also established without any limitation on terms of office. Such specialists carry out financial, economic, informational, organizational, documentary, economic and other support of professional activity of employees of power structures.

The specified categories are established by the Federal Law "On the Civil Service System in the Russian Federation".