Solid fuel boilers of long burning by their own hands: device, drawings

Solid fuel boilers of long burning with their own hands made of bricks with the presence of a water circuit are allowed to be made with different designs of the heat exchanger from strips of sheet iron or pieces of pipes. You can consider some of the options for understanding what is at stake.

Brick solid fuel boilers of long burning own hands

This option is able to build even a beginner. This requires the Bulgarian and the ability to work with it, as well as skills in conducting furnace and welding operations. Although you can do otherwise: prepare all the elements, fit them in size, and the job itself is entrusted to a professional welder. Since water will circulate inside the boiler, the quality of the welded joints must be impeccable.

At the moment, there are quite a lot of options for the designs of the boilers themselves and heat exchangers to them. Each of them has both advantages and disadvantages.

Horizontal solid fuel boiler

As the basis of the design of this option is a rectangular heat exchanger made of pipes of rectangular profile 40 x 60 millimeters or round, the diameter of which is 40 or 50 millimeters with a wall thickness of at least 3-5 mm. The finished heat exchanger must be mounted in a housing made of refractory or refractory bricks. Solid-fuel long-burning boilers with their own hands usually begin to be created from the pre-cut lengths of pipes of the required length.

Heat exchanger base

In the segments intended to serve as vertical stands, it is necessary to cut round holes for the pipes. The front posts are equipped with a cutter with four holes for pipes with a diameter of 50 millimeters, and the rear posts are equipped with four holes for pipes of 50 millimeters and four for pipes of 40 millimeters. In addition, it is necessary to prepare a hole of 50 millimeters under the pipes for supplying cold water in the front lower part of the boiler, as well as for removing hot in the upper part. This should all be done as carefully as possible to get even holes. By means of the Bulgarian it will be necessary to get rid of all the incrustations formed during cutting.

When the preparation of the holes is completed, it is possible to connect the solid-fuel boiler of prolonged combustion by welding the front and rear parts. Pipe strips for this need to be set on a flat surface perpendicular. After the completion of this work, you can weld the side pipes, supporting the perpendicularity of the faces. When there are also on-site, it is necessary to weld sections intended for supply and discharge of water, and then weld the ends with rectangular profiles. When the welding work is completed, it is necessary to test it for leaks before starting to install a solid fueled combustion boiler. You must close the bottom hole, and through the top, pour in water. If leakage does not appear, then you can proceed to the installation.

Boiler made from sheet steel

If you have sheet metal, the thickness of which is 3-5 millimeters, then you can make a heat exchanger of a fairly simple design. Weld the sheets of rectangular containers, through which water will circulate, that is, replace the complex structure of the pipes with a simpler one, consisting of two parallel containers. The finished heat exchanger can be mounted in a brick building, the masonry of which can be produced according to the same principles as the masonry of kitchen or heating stoves. The gap between the heat exchanger and the brick must be at least a centimeter.

Boiler masonry

The dimensions of the heat exchanger and the boiler as a whole can vary depending on the area of the house that needs heating. In this case it is a question of using a two-pipe heating system, where natural circulation is applied. To lay out a homemade solid fuel boiler of prolonged combustion, it is first necessary to pour a concrete foundation, the dimensions of which correspond to the dimensions of the future construction. When laying, the heat exchanger itself should be set so that it is not installed horizontally, but with a rise to the point of entry of hot water. By means of the level the boiler is set so that all points of the upper part of the heat exchanger are below the water entry point. In this case, the level difference should be at least a centimeter. This way, the creation of an air plug in the boiler during the filling of the system with water will be ruled out, and also will improve the circulation.

The device of solid fuel boilers of long-term combustion assumes the implementation of brick laying in accordance with all the rules, with observance of the dressing of the seams. For such a structure, the brick wall must be 2-3 cm above the heat exchanger tubes. Above the boiler is covered with a standard cast-iron plate, which is installed so that if necessary it can be easily dismantled to clean the furnace from soot, which prevents a reduction in its efficiency. The chimney can be laid out of the same brick or installed metal.

Vertical boiler

This option is more focused on placing the heat exchanger in a vertical plane. Such solid fuel boilers of long burning by their own hands are advisable to construct in the case when they are intended to be used exclusively for heating. For such an option, the heat exchanger can be made of sheet steel of sufficient thickness. To improve the circulation of the coolant, as well as to increase the efficiency of its heating, it is possible to make a return input in such a boiler in the front. To increase heat transfer, the side shelves may be made of pipes. At the bottom and above, it is necessary to weld pieces of pipes to the rear shelf, between which pipes with a diameter of 32-40 mm are installed. This design is more complicated, but the efficiency of the device is noticeably increasing.

Mounting the heat exchanger

Drawings of solid fuel boilers of long burning allow us to imagine what the whole structure should look like. The heat exchanger of such a device is mounted on a solid foundation of concrete, on which the blowing chamber is pre-laid in the size of the furnace chamber from clay or refractory bricks, and above it a grate must be installed. Solid fuel boilers of long burning are laid out after the heat exchangers are installed. The walls of the firebox are laid out of refractory bricks. In the process, it is necessary to mount two doors: the lower one is at the level of the grate, and is designed to clean the firebox of waste and ash, as well as to ignite the fuel from below, and the upper one is intended for cleaning the top of the firebox and loading firewood.

Chimney

Boilers solid fuel heating long-term burning necessarily equipped with a chimney, the height of which should be at least five meters. The pipe can be installed or erected directly on the boiler, made an attachable or packed or built on the foundation next to the boiler. Pipe laying should be carried out simultaneously with the laying of the walls of the boiler or a ceramic, metal or asbestos-cement pipe must be installed.