Sergey Khudyakov. Biography Khudyakov Sergey Alexandrovich - Marshal of Aviation. A photo

The history of our country has long been full of contradictory and terrible events, in the millstones of which the fates of even outstanding people were often milled. A vivid example is Sergei Khudyakov, about the mystery of personality and tragic life which we will tell you on the pages of this article. Just note that his biography as such is simply missing, since we know little about those events that occurred from 1918 to 1946. There is no real life story of this outstanding person, and it is unlikely that it will ever appear. Why? We advise you to read our article.

The history of one Armenian family

Once upon a time there lived a large and friendly family of Artem Khanferyants in Armenia. They lived in the village of Big Taglar (Metz Taglar), which is in Nagorno-Karabakh. Artem had three sons: Armenak, Avak and Andranik (the names of the latter are translated into Russian as Andrei and Arkady). The elder, Armenak, showed remarkable ability to study, and therefore in 1915 he was sent to Baku. There lived their uncle, who by that time worked in the new oil field as an accountant. Alas, but he did not have enough money, so they had to forget about his studies.

I had to work for him. Whoever Armenak was not: he had to be a fisherman, and even an attendant. In 1918 a revolutionary movement began in Baku. At this time, Armenak was visited by his mother. Anarchy began: the interventionist troops overthrew the commune ... The son was planted by his mother on the last steamer. She still remembered her Armenak: tall, handsome, he saw her off, standing on the pier with a rifle behind her. Since then, the mother and father have considered their son dead, because until the end of his life's journey about his fate, they knew nothing at all. Wait, but how is Sergey Khudyakov connected with the history of this Armenian family? All the answers are in the text below.

Uncertainty and tragedy

Andranik also did not learn anything about his older brother. He graduated from the institute in 1941, was called to the post of political instructor and disappeared in the first bouts without a trace. Only Avak learned that their elder brother did not die in the embroiled flame of the civil war of Baku. Alas, it happened in very sad circumstances.

He and all the capable relatives in 1946 were summoned for interrogation. Investigators were interested in everything they could know about Armenak Khanferyanets. But what could they say? Almost all the elders had died by that time, and Andranik himself was an unintentional boy in 1918, and so he practically did not remember anything. The questioning only stirred up hope: "Perhaps the elder brother is alive? What about him"? All questions remained unanswered. They got all the information they were interested in after ten years.

The tragedy of the Khudyakov family

Marshal of aviation Khudyakov Sergey Alexandrovich and his family at that time also experienced far from the best of times. Varvara Petrovna, his wife, after long wanderings through the offices of investigators, could only learn about the arrest of her husband. At the same time, she was not informed of any details. Only in 1949 she learned that the investigation was over. At the same time, Varvara was reassured: they say, the most terrible thing is the resignation of her husband from the army.

But Sergei Khudyakov in the family did not return. In mid-January 1951, his wife with a young child was deported to the Krasnoyarsk Territory. The elder, adopted by Khudyakov's son Vladimir, also went there. He, who had the Order of the Red Star, was almost frowned out of the ranks of the army in a lieutenant's rank ... by age. It turned out that all members of the family have a father - a "traitor to the Motherland".

And this is not all the trials that have fallen to the lot of a long-suffering family! The fact is that after the Battle of Kursk Khudyakov Sergey Alexandrovich took his first-born, Victor, to the front. But near Kharkov he and Vitya fell under the raid of enemy aircraft, as a result of which the boy was killed. So, at the time of her husband's arrest, Varvara Petrovna had already had a bad time. Return to Moscow Khudyakovym allowed only in 1953.

Varvara and little Sergei soon left for Izyaslav, since they simply had nowhere to live, and Vladimir remained in the capital. He, who loved his stepfather fervently, decided to get the truth about the fate of the latter, but by that time no information had been obtained. Only thanks to the work of the prosecutor's office was it possible to achieve the truth.

What's in a name?

At the end of August 1954, case No. 100384 was considered. According to the materials of the latter, Sergei Khudyakov was recognized in 1950 as a "traitor to the Motherland" and shot at the Don Cemetery on the day of the verdict. In those days, this happened quite often, and often the sanction of the prosecutor was issued backdating, after the execution was carried out.

The prosecutor carefully examined the essence of the documents and made a decision: reopen the case in connection with the discovered circumstances. And in that document, which contained the signature and seal of the prosecutor, for the first time stood the true name, patronymic and surname of the executed marshal of aviation. It was Khanferyants Armenak Artemovich. In the same year of 1954 the case "in connection with new circumstances" was closed, the verdict was canceled, and Sergei-Armenak was posthumously acquitted and rehabilitated.

What happened to the marshal's relatives?

Relatives from the Big Taglar until the end of 1956 did not identify their missing elder brother with air marshal Sergei Khudyakov. At that time, there was simply no open document that could bring together these names.

Varvara Khudyakova and Sergei in 1954 again allowed to return to Moscow. On Tishinskaya Square, the widow was given a separate apartment. In the same year, Vladimir was reinstated in active military service, where he spent until August 1988. Vladimir Sergeevich rose to the rank of colonel, today he is no longer alive. His ashes rest in Butovo Cemetery. In 1956, Sergei Khudyakov himself, whose photo is in the article, was restored in the rank of marshal, he was posthumously returned all the awards. Two weeks after the decision of the Presidium, the marshal's name was again added to the lists of party members.

Until now, only Sergei survived ... He brilliantly studied at school, between 1963-1965, he was in active military service in Star City. He graduated from MGIMO, headed a whole department, received a doctorate. Today Sergey Sergeyevich works at the State University of Management. He is loved and respected by teachers and students, some of whom do not know about the difficult fate of this man's family.

The secret of Khudyakov. How did Armenak become Sergey?

So, what happened after all, why was the marshal executed? And how did Armenak suddenly become Sergei? Why did it happen that Sergei Khudyakov (photo you can see in this material) did not tell anyone about his origin?

In December 1945, the marshal was summoned from Mukden to Moscow. The transplant was planned in Chita, where friends and colleagues already waited for him. But already with the airport Sergey took the car with the employees of SMERSH. Since then, no one knew where Sergei Khudyakov disappeared. The biography of the deserved officer came to an end ...

Because of what the arrest was made?

Almost in all Soviet publications, the incident is attributed to one incident that happened at that time. The fact is that at that time from Mukden was sent an airplane, on board which was the "emperor" of Manchuk. He flew to Moscow without problems. That's only the second transport, on board which were all the jewels of the puppet pro-Japanese government, simply disappeared.

Of course, SMERSH might have some questions about this, but the verdict on the aircraft was not said. Suspicions from the marshal were withdrawn in 1952: hunters found in the taiga fragments of the ill-fated carrier and the remains of the crew. Probably, he fell because of the failed engine. So what is the fault of Sergei Khudyakov? His biography does not give an exact answer.

Most likely, his arrest had nothing to do with the plane at all. Probably, SMERSH by that time had already established that the celebrated marshal was not the one for whom he had betrayed himself. In his personal file, there was no information about the change of name and surname. On the contrary, the marshal himself always said that he is a Russian, comes from a simple Vologda family. When he met in Varya, he never invited his future wife to relatives: they say, they are no longer alive, all died of typhus in the 1920s. For the sake of justice, it should be noted that such disagreements would interest any normal security service, and therefore there were grounds for arrest.

Varvara, Vladimir and Sergei learned about the Armenian roots of their relative only after his death. The wife of the marshal visited the native village of Sergei-Armenak, where she was met as her own. The family united the pain of loss. At that moment, all his relatives, among whom there were many Party and military figures, began to search for the answer to the question that interests everyone: why and when did Armenak start all this adventure, which led to his death?

There is no answer to this day, and there is no information in archival documents that could shed light on this riddle. Apparently, we still do not know who Marshal Khudyakov was. The biography of this amazing man is one big mystery.

The mystery, the solution of which is not

A cavalryman and a young aviator, future marshal of aviation Khudyakov SA Known in the Red and Soviet armies only so. Under your own fictitious names. He served in Tiflis, until 1931 he served in Ukraine, under the same name began to learn from the aviator. Sergei, he was, when he commanded the Western Military District, under the same name rose to the rank of colonel. Then Marshal of Aircraft Khudyakov appeared, whose biography is still obscured by darkness.

He received many military decorations and awards. He is also known as a participant in one significant event in the history of the whole world. The point is that there was Marshal Khudyakov at the Yalta Conference, at which Stalin, Roosevelt and Churchill were present. Recall that the colleagues of Sergei-Armenak then were Antonov and Kuznetsov, outstanding officers of the Soviet Army. It was the best specialists capable of conducting complex negotiations.

The riddle of Sergei-Armenak

About how Armenak became Sergei, still there are legends. The first is the most romantic. If you believe her, he had a colleague, who was called Sergei Khudyakov. Allegedly the barge on which they crossed from Baku was sunk, and Sergey rescued Armenak, who does not know how to swim. Legend has it that two officers after that became friends, and that the dying, mortally wounded Sergei once bequeathed his blade and his name to his best friend. This story looks beautiful and epoch-making, but how much is the truth in it? Did Marshal Khudyakov really appear like this? His autobiography does not say anything about it, since it does not exist.

To journalists this legend (allegedly) was told by the marshal's colleagues and his deputy. But nobody in his right mind can believe that Khudyakov could tell someone such a sensitive secret. He could not help but understand that this would expose all of his superiors and colleagues to the execution article. The fact is that the commanders would have to immediately investigate and report to SMERSH, if it suddenly became clear that in the personal file of any of their subordinates the fact of the slightest change in the autobiographical information was not reflected.

The second legend speaks of an "ominous commissar". Marshal Khudyakov and Beria are connected in it. Allegedly, Armenak, working as an operator, noticed suspicious negotiations between the future People's Commissar and the British Consul. Having shown vigilance, he sent a message to the local branch of the Cheka, signing his real name and surname. Since the Cheka did not do anything, Armenak had to change his autobiography, fearing revenge. But there are no notes or any such information in the archives.

Judge for yourselves: Armenaku at that time was 16 years old, Laurentius - 19 years old. They were peers, and Beria did not have any power to hurt the informer somehow. Why Armenaku afraid of Lawrence, who simply did not physically present any threat to him? It is hard to believe that the future People's Commissar decided to confront him in a dark alley ...

Mistakes of youth

Most likely, Marshal of Aviation Sergey Aleksandrovich Khudyakov once made a mistake peculiar to his youth: he enlisted in the service in the Red Army, using his invented Russian name. Perhaps, he assumed that it would be easier for a Russian to get through the career ladder. Identity cards in those years were practically non-existent, and a record in the Red Army, which was in dire need of fighters, was conducted "by a conveyor method."

Most likely, the real Khudyakov and in nature did not exist. But another question raises the question: neither in the Russian Empire, nor in the USSR, did any oppression of Armenians and other nations exist. It is worth remembering Bagration alone! So why did Armenak need to impersonate another? No answer.

By the way, there is not a word in the documents of the Baku Commune about Khudyakov. Even the regiment, in which Armenak and Sergey supposedly served, was simply not there. And in the city of Volsk, in which the "same" Khudyakov appeared, there were never any people with that name. And more: the date of birth, which Armenak indicated when writing to the Red Army - this. It is difficult to assume that he used some documents of a non-existent person, and even with a completely similar date of birth.

False charges

It is very possible that the marshal himself tried to tell his story to the investigators. But who will believe that a person who is at such a high post, something "mutil" with his biography without malicious intent? So suspicions were born clearly not from scratch. In addition, the investigators simply had nothing to check: in the documents of the Baku commune there were no Armenak or Khudyakov at all. It's just right to suspect a person of espionage!

Most likely, a confession from a former officer was beaten down under torture. Marshal Sergei Khudyakov "confessed" that in 1918 he was recruited by the Englishman Wilson in order to carry out espionage. SMERSH believed that Khudyakov-Khanferyants carried out detentions and escorted the political opponents of the interventionists. In the "confession" it was alleged that Khudyakov once participated in the execution of the ill-fated 26 Baku commissars.

For sure, the investigators simply had no idea what to impose on the defendant, and therefore linked him to real British spies who at that time were operating in Baku and were captured. Finally, Khudyakov was forced to confess to his "evil deeds" on February 19, 1946: on that day he signed the record of his interrogation for the first time. And even then the investigation was slipping, as there were no real evidence against the marshal. Only in March of the same year was issued an official resolution on his arrest! In fact, for a year Khuyakov was illegally imprisoned. And it was only in the middle (!) Of 1947 that the first conviction was read out.

Opinions of contemporaries

If you read his text, everything becomes even more confusing: why would the alleged recruiters demand a change of name and surname from their protege? It is much more profitable if it can provide real data so as not to cause suspicion! The same conclusion was reached by the members of the Military Collegium, who reconsidered Khudyakov's case. Moreover, it turned out that there was another unpleasant fact: it turns out that the people with whom the Marshal was connected by NKVD officers were not at all accused of having links with the British! The maximum, in what they were suspected - in anti-Soviet agitation!

It turns out that the case against the marshal of aviation Sergei Khudyakov simply stupidly fabricated. This is also true of other facts. AI Mikoyan, who knew all the circumstances of the death of the commissioners, repeatedly told the investigators about this in detail, when he was also suspected of being disloyal in his time. Here is just no plausible detail, which at least somehow pointed to the involvement of the marshal, he could not be knocked out of: he really knew nothing about it.

Subsequently, one of the ideologists of the case, MD Ryumin, talked about how and what missing information fit into the interrogation records. The defendant MT Likhachev told the investigators of the Military Collegium how and by what brutal methods they beat out Khudyakov "testimony."

What happened to the Baku commissars?

In general, any modern historian can only laugh at how unsuccessfully they tried to "sew" Khudyakov to the case of the commissars. Pay attention: he was accused of "convoying convicts." But there was simply no mythical convoy: there was such a mess in Baku that the commissars managed to leave the prison without any special complications and board the steamer. On its board a rebellion broke out, as a result of which the captain was simply forced to follow the course to Krasnovodsk. According to the documents of that flight, neither Khudyakov nor Khanferyants were on board ...

Finally…

Many years passed. The twentieth century has ended, bringing to our country an incredible number of upheavals. Marshal Khudyakov Sergey Aleksandrovich (Armenak Artemovich Khanferyants) again appears in all encyclopedias. His name is revered in Russia and Armenia. Not so long ago a monograph dedicated to the great man who was born here was published in Yerevan. In the Big Taglar, the Khudyakov-Khanferyants museum has been operating for 25 years. One of the streets of the city of Alaverdi bears the name of SA Khudyakov - AA Khanferyants.

This outstanding man forever took to the grave a mystery of the circumstances that forced him to change his identity. Unfortunately, we are unlikely to ever know about the true cause of what happened.