Seeder and tilled seeder

To date, all seeders used in agriculture can be divided by the type of coulter used for anchor and disc seeders. The disc coulter is currently the most widespread, as it most fully meets the needs of agricultural enterprises in high-quality sowing with high productivity. Seeders with a disc coulter, both cereals and rowers, have a number of advantages compared to anchor seeders:

- better retain moisture, as they do not loosen the soil layer like an anchor, but only cut it;

- require less energy, and therefore fuel, as they have less resistance;

- allow more accurately to copy the relief of the soil, and hence ensure a uniform depth of seeding, when using independent sections with parallelogram suspension.

- do not require perfect soil preparation, and are often applied on minimally processed and untreated fields using no-till technology, which means that they can again save on soil preparation;

- allow you to sow at a higher speed, and therefore more productive.

Among the stubble drills, more than 90% are just discs. They work on unprepared agrophones and 100% benefit from the disc coulter.

Anchor drills. Their main advantage is cheapness. If the farm has 400-600 hectares of land, one row seeder will suffice for row crops. Honestly, the difference in the price of 10 thousand euros may not pay off due to the advantages that the disc coulter gives even within 2-3 years.

Also, all modern seeders are divided into 2 groups according to the type of sowing crops into row crops and grains, and each group is divided according to the type of the system used to pneumatic and mechanical ones. For rowing machines, the term "precision seeder" is also often used.

In grain seeders, the traditional sowing machines are the most common - coils, where the main thing is to provide the necessary rate for Ha. The main advantage of a mechanical seeder is cheapness, simplicity of construction, absence of traumatization of seeds.

Recently, in connection with the need to produce wide-cutting seeding complexes, the pneumatic system is actively used in their design. It has a slightly less stable seeding, slightly more traumatizing the seeds, but is easier to set up and allows increasing the productivity of the seeding plant several times both in the width of the seizure and in the number of seed bunker loads.

In seed drills for row crops, the accuracy of sowing and the absence of twins are important, both factors directly affect crop yields. For pneumatic seeders, pneumatic sowing machines are most widely used, in which a vacuum is created by means of a central exhauster. Advantages of these sowing machines include high quality of sowing, independence from seed size and configuration. The disadvantage is that an air seed drill is more expensive than a mechanical seed drill.

A mechanical seeder for precision seeders is most commonly used for beets, corn and soy. Its peculiarity for tilled drills is that it has sowing discs that repeat the size and configuration of the seeds. In this regard, for farms that have sunflower in the rotation, and especially various sunflower hybrids, the use of precision seeders with a mechanical seeder is not recommended. Although there are also reverse examples, when the experts are absolutely satisfied with the quality of the work of "mechanics" for sunflower.