Scaphoid. Foot bones: anatomy

The body has a huge number of bones. Especially a lot of them in such moving parts of the body as the feet and wrists. Dozens of bones, connected by tendons, help to perform work that is inaccessible to animals, except, except for monkeys. Complex system of brushes and feet, although it has a large amount of connective tissue, is subject to various injuries and diseases. The most common is a fracture. The concept is associated with bone fracture and possible bias. In the hands and feet, as already mentioned, a large number of these organs, which do not differ in size, therefore, it takes a long time to treat them. Scaphoid bone is most susceptible to diseases and injuries.

Foot

Bones of the legs are presented to huge quantities. Some of them are united by the common name of the foot. The scaphoid bone belongs to this group. It is located between the ramming, cuboid and intermediate wedge-shaped bones. It is this place of the foot, excluding the toes, which is most often susceptible to fractures.

The bones of the foot, the anatomy of which is represented by three sections, is quite numerous: tarsus, plyus and fingers. The metacarpal bones of the foot also contain a navicular bone in their rows. It is located near the inside of the foot. On its edge there is a tuberosity of the scaphoid bone pointing downwards. In medicine, this feature is used to define a vault that has a stop. X-rays help to understand the composition of this part of the body.

Brush

The scaphoid bone, in addition, is located in the cyst. It refers to the small bones of the wrist. It is she who is predisposed most of all to a fracture, since she is on the edge of the palm. It is interesting that the person who broke this bone does not feel any pain and can feel only a bruise, even if strong. Therefore, this is quite dangerous. If you do not consult a doctor, you can have serious consequences. For example, the scaphoid bone may mismatch properly.

The wrist consists of 8 bones. They form 2 rows, in each of which there are 4 of them, located between the metacarpal bones and the forearm. The scaphoid bone is easy to grope because of its location. It is located between the sinews of the long extensor of the thumb and the length of the abduction muscle.

Diseases of the foot bones

In addition to fracture, the scaphoid bone of the leg is susceptible to other injuries and diseases. For example, Kellerra's illnesses. Osteochondropathy can serve as a herald of this disease. It affects all the bones of the foot. Gradually destroys the tissues. During illness, a small amount of blood enters the bones, and, therefore, there is not enough oxygen and nutrients. Consequently, cells that have not received enough of this gas and other necessary components are gradually dying off. However, this happens, in the case of Keller's disease, without the intervention of infection.

Causes of Keller's Disease

Keller's disease can not arise by itself. For her, there are several reasons that somehow prevent the blood from passing to the bones. Most often these are foot injuries, for example, a severe bruise or fracture. Also those who wear uncomfortable shoes of small size are exposed to this disease. Arthrosis and arthritis are diseases that also lead to Keller's disease. In addition to the above reasons, congenital deformities of the foot bones can also lead to deterioration. Flattening is one of the main defects. But the reasons that directly affect the appearance of the disease, and have not been found even today.

Forms

Foot bones are susceptible to two types of Keller's disease. It all depends on what part of the foot does not get enough nutrients and oxygen.

When the scaphoid bone is affected, the disease is called Keller's disease. If the blood does not reach the heads of the third and second metatarsal bones, which leads to their change, this is called Keller's disease.

In addition, there are several stages:

• Necrosis.
• Compression fracture.
• Fragmentation.
• Restoration of the bone.

At the first stage, bone beams die, which act as structural elements of the bone. Further, new bone tissue is formed, which often breaks due to poor strength. Then the bone beams dissolve. And the last stage completely corresponds to the name.

Treatment of Keller's Disease

It is necessary to treat the bones of the foot. Their anatomy is extremely complex, so they are not easily cured. With Keller's disease, 1 most often a fracture of the scaphoid bone occurs. It can be mistaken for a bruise, and the disease is extremely difficult to detect. Unless, by accident, the ill person does not consult a doctor. After a course of treatment. A bone with the same name is also in the brush, but this will be called already the disease of the Yreisser, although the principle of treatment will be the same.

Conservative therapy is one of the most effective methods of treatment. Also impregnated plaster bandage. It is not advisable to move the foot with your own foot, since it is difficult to fix such a small and irregularly shaped bone. After removing the gypsum, in order to save the result, you need to walk for a while on crutches or with a cane, children are sewn special insoles. Drugs are able to speed up the fusion. Thermal procedures help a lot.

Invalid

It is impossible after the removal of gypsum to engage in a dispute. The foot needs constant peace. There is also the possibility of improper fusion and the formation of a false joint, which is difficult to cure. It will take an operation. Therefore, the process of rehabilitation should be treated with the utmost care. In addition, you can take only those drugs that the doctor prescribed, otherwise you can only make a worse leg. Do not neglect the advice of a doctor, as each person has his own particular body. Some bones are fragile from birth, so they should pay special attention to the treatment of this disease.

Fracture of bone on arm

As already mentioned, the navicular bone of the arm and foot is more prone to fracture than others. This is due to the fact that both on the foot and on the hand the bone is located in such places with which injuries most often occur. If you look at the statistics, in the case of a fracture of the wrist in 61-88%, it suffers from the navicular.

Causes of fracture

But why is this bone fractured? As practice shows, many are injured, falling on their hands. In this case, the load almost completely falls on the bone. Also, the fractures themselves are different: intraarticular and extra-articular.

Symptoms

The scaphoid bone is often injured. But after a fracture, it almost does not hurt. Most simply do not notice the inconvenience, thinking that it's just a bruise. However, you need to see a doctor as soon as possible. The scaphoid bone does not respond well to treatment, and if you do not have time for it to fuse, but there can be irreparable consequences. Unfortunately, not all go to the hospital. Most often, the fracture is found randomly. You can identify some of the symptoms that will help to recognize the trauma:

• Pain in the scaphoid bone.
• Inconvenience when the joints move their hands.
• Pretty painful extension of the radius.
• The bulk of the affected area.

Diagnostics

As with a fracture of the bone on the wrist, the foot is severely affected by a scaphoid bone injury. X-rays help to detect the cause of pain. Initially, a 3D projection is carried out on the apparatus, for which the zones in three projections are examined. At the final stage, a fracture (fracture) of the scaphoid bone is clearly visible. All this is done because the scaphoid bone is extremely difficult to treat, it is surrounded by other organs. To correctly and accurately impose a plaster bandage, you just need 3D projection.

There are subtleties. For example, the fingers should be clenched into a fist. If the fracture is not immediately visible with the help of an X-ray, and by all indications it is, then the victim wears a plaster bandage for about 2 weeks, then his brush is repeatedly checked. The thing is that resorption occurs during this period and the crack will be clearly visible if, of course, there is in general. Actions help to establish the diagnosis and prescribe treatment.

Treatment of bone

The scaphoid bone on the wrist is often broken, which is extremely difficult to detect. To detect a fracture, one must resort to 3D projection. But the treatment of the fracture is much longer and more difficult. Consolidation of the bone goes especially due to endosteal callus, which is formed extremely slowly, and requires a large number of nutrients (blood). Perhaps the displacement of the distal fragment. All of the above leads to the formation of a false joint, and thus hampers an already difficult treatment.

1 way. Treatment of fresh injuries

The simplest way to consolidate the navicular arm bone is by applying a plaster bandage. The most common, it is used in 90-95% of cases. The superposition occurs from the heads of metacarpal bones to the elbow joint, while the capture of the phalanx of the little finger is considered mandatory. The brush remains fixed, but for the convenience of the victim its position has the form of a slight extension. Immobilization of the brush lasts about 11 weeks. If the fracture occurred with a tubercle, then it is only 4 weeks. After removal of the plaster bandage, X-rays are mandatory, which will show whether the fusion has occurred correctly. If a gap is revealed, then the plaster bandage is applied again, but for 1-2 months, with the control of the fusion occurring every month. After the termination of treatment there is a course of restoration.

Cons of conservative treatment can be called:

• Time overlap.
• Constant monitoring of doctors.

Other methods. Treatment of long-term injuries

If the fracture is found only after 3 months, then it is considered to be a long time. By this time, the false joint has time to grow. This complicates the treatment. With the help of an X-ray, a fracture site is found, and the presence of cystic cavities and diastase between debris is also determined. In this case, the imposition of a plaster bandage can not help. One of the numerous methods is used, the most famous ones:

1. Bone plastic surgery with a cortical graft.
2. Bony plasty according to Matti-Russe.

Bone plastic surgery with cortical graft

The method was invented back in 1928. It is used with nesroshshimisya fractures and false joints of the scaphoid bone. Rear-beam access is used for anesthesia during surgery. Without damage, without touching the radial nerve, there is access to the wrist joint. The dissection of his capsule helps to detect a false joint. After the end of the operation, a plaster bandage is applied in the same way as described above. It should take about 14 days. Then remove the seams and use a circular bandage. The role of the bone plate is often performed by a spongy transplant.

Bony plasty by Matti-Russe

One of the most effective operations. But it's pretty simple. For her, the field is exsanguinated, but the blood supply practically does not deteriorate. Stabilize the scaphoid bone with the help of spokes. The graft is jammed into the bone. Preliminary placement of knitting needles does not allow to mix fragments. Immobilization takes about 10 weeks. The removal of the spokes takes place only after 8 weeks.

Fracture of foot

As already mentioned, the tarsal bones are most susceptible to various kinds of trauma. Most often, a break occurs after the fall of a heavy object on the foot. Sometimes not one bone suffers, but several, because they are located in close proximity to each other and have small dimensions. As with the carpal bone of the wrist, do not delay with treatment. However, the foot is much easier to treat. Direct fracture of the scaphoid bone occurs either due to the fall of the object, which has a large weight, or due to squeezing between the others. The bones of the foot are quite diverse, their anatomy numbers dozens of species.

Symptoms

Identify a fracture of the scaphoid bone of the foot much easier than the brush. With trauma of this kind it is almost impossible to move normally, there is constant pain. In addition, the circular movement of the foot reveals a fracture finally, the bone makes itself felt. But almost always, the trauma of the scaphoid bone is combined with injuries of other foot bones and, in particular, tarsely.

Treatment of the foot bone

To know the size and location of the crack, it is enough to make an x-ray in 2 projections, and not in 3, as was the case with the scaphoid bone of the brush. If there is no displacement, then an ordinary plaster cast is applied. But if it happened, a reposition is made. In the most severe cases, open repositioning is performed. The cast is applied on average for 4 weeks.

In conclusion, it can be said that the scaphoid more than the other bones of the wrist and foot are prone to injury. It takes a long time to treat it, often you have to resort to surgery. However, splicing the bone on the foot goes much faster and easier. Find a fracture on the cyst is quite difficult, and most often it happens by accident. The scaphoid bone of the foot in the case of a crack strongly hurts.