Sacco and Vanzetti - who is this? What do we know about Sacco and Vanzetti?

For the older generation of people who studied in Soviet schools, the names Sacco and Vanzetti (Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti) are well known, almost the same as the current generation of young people are familiar Dolce and Gabbana (Domenico Dolce and Stefano Gabbana.). Surnames on hearing, with the names of the heroes, things were more complicated then, and now.

People from the working environment, victims of political games

If you look at the facts, the story looks like this. Two workers, immigrants from Italy (Nikola Sacco, born in the city of Torremaggiore in the province of Foggia, lived from 1888 to 1905 in his homeland, and Bartolomeo Vacette was born in Piemonte in 1891), were just unknown to the movement for workers' rights. They belonged to the anarchist group "Circolo di Studi Sociali". On the day of the robbery of the shoe factory, Vanzetti, a fish merchant, was generally fishing. There was an eyewitness of this fact, a boy-teenager whose testimony was not taken into account. Sacco and Vanzetti were arrested two days after the robbery. Everything went in violation of legal norms. Why the process began to attract more and more attention of the public in all countries of the world. After the announcement of the first death sentence, the movement for the rights of innocently convicted persons acquired a planetary scale.

Unjustly accused

Almost a hundred years have passed, and this process has remained for the justice of the US one of the most unpleasant and compromising American legal system. Nobody known Italian immigrants have become symbols of innocently condemned for the whole of mankind. Yes, they were ordinary members of the labor movement, and who then was not, if the holiday of "International Solidarity, May Day" was born in the meat slaughterhouses of Chicago. In addition, Sacco and Vanzetti were anarchists, of course, of course, Soviet schoolchildren did not know. And, as it was proved later, they, or rather one of them, namely Nicola Sacco, participated in the assault and murder. Despite, allegedly, the subsequent recognition of judges in his apparent guilt, the letters that Nicola wrote from prison to his son Dante deserve attention. A person preaching such ideas can not be a murderer, or he is the greatest hypocrite in the world.

What is the reason

However, it was already not in Sacco and Vanzetti, they just became the banner of the universal struggle for justice. Millions of people around the world went to demonstrations, demanding for them freedom, anarchists blew up bombs in the subway, set fire to trams. All this continued until 1927, in which the case was reconsidered, and a second conviction was pronounced, after which, on the night of August 22-23, he was executed. And what, in fact, was the essence of what was happening? Why communists and fascists (Mussolini actively participated in the liberation) shoulder to shoulder defending victims of arbitrariness, why in dozens of cities of the Land of Soviets appeared Sacco and Vanzetti Street? Probably, because the process was, of course, political.

Political background

It was 1920. In American society, as in the rest of the world, the fear of the "red plague" was as great as the discontent of the immigrants who filled the country, on the one hand, and the revolutionary moods of the workers on the other. It was necessary to show flogging. In South Braintree (Massachusetts), an ordinary robbery of the shoe factory takes place with the killing of the cashier and two guards. By then, as it seemed to many, fake accusations were seized by participants in the labor movement - the shoemaker Sacco and the fish merchant Vanzetti. They fit perfectly - Italian immigrants and representatives of the working class. The indignation began to increase when the federal authorities rejected the defense's arguments and all petitions for reviewing the case.

Foam

The defense was sensible, supporters of prisoners collected $ 400,000 to cover its costs. It has been proven that there is no valid prosecution base. The process began to take a political stance, many began to feel that they were punished not for a specific criminal offense, but for convictions. But no one expected such a wave of outrage all over the world. 10,000 people tried to seize the prison of Charlestown and free the prisoners. Now, after so many years and events that shook the world, after demonstrations against the US war in Vietnam, it's hard to imagine the then outrage.

Struggled with the whole world

The newspapers were full of just outraged representatives of the working class of the planet Earth. Outraged not only the working people, all the important figures of all levels of society throughout the world demanded a review of the case. The fact that during seven years of prison Sacco and Vanzetti deserved a pardon, said Pope Pius XI. How could Soviet people support innocently convicted people then? Go to the thousands-strong demonstration and name in honor of the political victims of the street. And it was really a genuine impulse, a mass expression of solidarity. But that was then, and what now? In this regard, it is very interesting to discuss the tragic stories of Nicolas Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti by modern young people in the network. One young man opened a website dedicated to the topic of illegally convicted anarchist workers Sacco and Vanzetti. Who he is, of course, he learned when he was carried away by their biography and was very surprised at the "recognized". On the question "why opened the site" answered - "the song about them is very beautiful." So, the people living in the people remember the fighters for the rights of low-paid immigrants.

Remember and now

In Italy, in 1971, the film of the same name was staged, in which it was told what famous Sacco and Vanzetti, who it was, what they suffered, and so on. The ribbon of the famous director Giuliano Montaldo was awarded many awards, especially the performer of the role of Sacco - Ricardo Cucciolo. I received the "Silver Ribbon" and the author of a wonderful song for the film, the legendary Ennio Marricone. The question "Sacco and Vanzetti - who is this" can be answered in different ways. But most importantly, what aroused the indignation of millions of people around the world is the injustice of the US judicial system. The first verdict was passed in 1920. There were no concentration camps yet, there was no Vietnam. And so the fate of people seized on the street and planted on an electric chair, shook the whole world.

Reasons for the title

Students in Soviet schools did not ask "Sacco and Vanzetti who it is". They perceived them as fighters for justice, for the rights of workers. Then memorized a lot of foreign names. Children were named after popular foreign fighters for peace. Internet was not. About the "Dog Heart" M. Bulgakov, where the manager Shvonder suggests calling the girls "just", in honor of Rosa Luxemburg and Clara Liebknecht, they never heard of. In honor of the fighters for equality and fraternity of all nations, called sanatoria, schools, highways. In this particular case, the name sounded beautiful - Sacco and Vanzetti Street.

Tribute

In order to imagine the intensity of the passions of that time, to understand why there are so many streets in our country. Sacco and Vanzetti, and just have a good and useful time, you need to see the most remarkable film of the same name, in which everything that is connected with the situation around this ambiguous process is brilliantly transmitted. Now there are talks about the need to rename these streets, despite the unnecessary waste associated with this venture. In the end, these names symbolize not only indignation with the usual American arbitrariness, but also uniting Russian people the idea of goodness, justice and participation in innocent victims.

Heroes of Russia

This is part of our history, when the emotions of most people were one and the most sincere. There was no such cynicism. These feelings forced hundreds of volunteers to go to Spain. Ul. Sacco and Vanzetti - a monument of our history, not American or Italian. Although, of course, the Russian tradition has always been the "kink in the field" - 38 streets in Russia, 15 in Ukraine, 3 in Kazakhstan, 4 in Belarus, maybe a bit too much. But for the former Soviet republics do not have to worry - not renamed just because the names are Italian, not Russian. Well, in Russia it's a matter of residents of every single city.

Beautiful old streets

For example, Saratov. Sacco and Vanzetti are one of the old and central streets of the city with its history and sincere admirers. In the network under the heading "My Street" there is a wonderful article about the former Dmitrovskaya, named "on the surname of the wife of the adviser of the State Chamber AI. Dmitrieva, who made large donations for the construction of the bell tower of the Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, then the Little Noble, later the Great Kostrida. In the article there is just an example of how, on the initiative of the workers of one enterprise, in this case the co-operative "Globe" cooperative, which was sincerely supported by all the inhabitants of the city, in 1927 the old street name, not universally understood, is changed to a new, clear, concrete and meeting the aspirations Majority. Thus, the residents of the city become solidary with the whole country, actively discussing the famous process. For almost 90 years of existence under this name, the street has acquired its very glorious history. Proud of a street with this name Saratov - Sacco and Vanzetti. The polyclinic located here is not alone. There are also a dental polyclinic (house 12) on this city highway, which belongs to the firm "Volga-Stoma, polyclinic No. 8 (house 51). Here is the Children's City Hospital No. 2 (house 41). Under №61 is a well-known to the whole city self-supporting polyclinic, which is a medical-consulting center of MMPU (municipal medical unitary enterprise). The polyclinic has a special status and has existed for 24 years. The reserve, an ancient corner with the same name has also the city of Voronezh. Sacco and Vanzetti - a street that is a landmark of the city. There are only historical and architectural monuments here 14. Earlier it was called the Big Virgin in honor of the nunnery located nearby. Residents called it the street of the Enlightenment - there were schools, the first printing house and a public library.

One of many

There is another ancient and beautiful street named Sacco and Vanzetti. Yekaterinburg surrounded it from all sides with new buildings. But in the street are very beautiful mansions, in one of which, the former house of merchants of Agafurov, there is a representation of Tatarstan. In another house there is a museum of merchant life. The story is the same - in 1930 Usoltsevskaya Street was renamed at the request of the working people. Even earlier it was called Polkovskaya, in honor of a man named Polkov, who was the first to build a house here. Simple and understandable. If the street is returned to the former name "Usoltsevskaya", I would like to know from the initiators what the name means. It should be noted that the street is recognized as a protected area.

There is a science city in the Moscow region Korolev. Sacco and Vanzetti - a street built up mainly by residential buildings on the 5th and 12th floors (1974). An ordinary residential street, on which there is a school and a gymnasium.