Rudyard Kipling: Biography and Creativity

A truly talented person should be talented in everything. The confirmation of these words is Joseph Rudyard Kipling. The biography of this person, in particular, the fact of receiving the Nobel Prize at the age of forty-two is a testimony. The writer, the poet and the writer loved people and nature, he was interested in everything, read a lot. Was courageous, always took a clear social and political position. He believed that there was a "noble fear", which should be shared by all people - for the fate of another person. As a British educator, he always considered India, whose language he knew, his second homeland.

What works glorified Kipling?

As is known, British poetry is one of the richest in the world: George Gordon Byron, William Shakespeare, Matthew Arnold, Charlotte Bronte. Therefore, it is indicative of the choice of the British public to try to get a famous radio station of the Air Force to name their favorite poems. The primacy (and with a significant margin!) Belonged to the Kipling "Commandment". However, he is still known as a prose writer. Kipling's work is multifaceted. The most significant among his works - the novel "Kim" and a collection of short stories "The Book of the Jungle."

The lines of this writer are picturesque. Indeed, the "Book of the Jungle" can rightfully be called prose in verse. So wrote our classics Turgenev and Gogol, but, of course, about Russia. The mosaic of the 15 stories of the Jungle Book consists of a story about Mowgli, uniting 8 of them, and other narratives about the human-endowed animals of India: about the brave mongoose Ricky-Tikki-Tavi, about the cat that walks by itself. The story of Kipling's boy Mowgli, brought up by a pack of wolves, about his confrontation with the cruel tiger Sherhan was repeatedly displayed in cartoons and is familiar to all children.

Childhood writer

The stories about India became famous Kipling. His biography begins in Bombay, where he was born in 1936. His childhood was spent in India . This country he knew and loved. The strongest, most vivid childhood impressions of the son of the Rector of the Bombay School of Art are associated with the magical stories of an Indian nanny about animals (the boy understood and was able to speak Hindi well).

At the age of six he was sent to England, to a private boarding house, according to the biography of Kipling. For children accustomed to free colonial life, it was often difficult to get used to a boarding drill. He was not a pet for the hostess of the boarding house. Memories of the injustice and cruelty that the writer encountered in his youth, he later introduced in the novel "Black Sheep".

Youth

My father at first thought that the young Kipling should become the officer. The biography shows that he was accepted as a thirteen-year-old boy at the Devon School (in fact, an analogue of our Suvorov school), which is a kind of springboard for future officers wishing to enter the well-known military academies. Boyish "graters", bruises and "mini-battles" with bully-schoolmates - all this should be done in the men's team, before they get their "own" confession. Joseph fell in love with the school and the service. About this period of his life tells a collection of short stories "Stalki and Co." There he showed his talent as a writer. At the same time, poor eyesight did not leave any hope for a military career. Father recalled the 17-year-old young man to India, where he was in charge of the "Civil and Military Newspaper."

Beginning of Writer's Work

It is from the journalistic path that the stories of R. Kipling originate. His collection of "Departmental notes" is a success. The novice writer is fluent in Hindustani, he is close to the Indian reader, he is understood and loved. The 34-year-old writer, already known in Britain, comes to London to "make a name for himself." Here, in collaboration with the American Walcott Bailstier, the publisher, Kipling works on the narrative "Naulahka." Biography, a brief chronology of his life in this period is most interesting. He found a real friend and also fell in love with his sister. However, their joint work did not last long. After the death of a partner from typhus, he marries his sister Carolina. He writes his famous poems "Gunga Din" ("Gunga Din") and "Mandalay."

Vermont period of creativity

The young couple moved to Vermont, where the two-volume "Jungle Book" and a collection of poems "The Seven Seas" are published. Here, the happy parents had two daughters, then a son. Kipling's best novel is being created - "Kim" about an Indian ragged boy who learned Buddhist wisdom and became a British intelligence officer. After a quarrel with his wife's relatives, the thirty-three-year-old writer and his family moved to New York. Here he and his daughter fall ill with pneumonia, after which the girl dies.

Moving to Britain

For several months he works for a South African newspaper, then buys a private house in England, in the county of Sussex. He actively joins the political life, supporting the conservatives. To him comes the recognition: the Nobel Prize, honorary degrees of British and European universities. But again, a heavy loss awaits the writer. At the front of World War I, his son was killed. The writer and his wife devote all their time to helping people in the Red Cross. He almost does not write, so grief is great. However, Kipling soon finds a friend who managed to "shake him" and awaken him to life. They became ... English King George V. (With this man was unusually friendly to the end of his days Kipling.) The biography of the writer testifies to how he immortalized the memory of his son, at the age of eighty-eight years, writing the story "Irish Guardsmen during the Great War ". Uneasy was the life of this writer, creative triumphs, unfortunately, often accompanied by the loss of loved ones. The gastritis that tormented him developed into a peptic ulcer. He died from internal bleeding, buried in Westminster Abbey.

Conclusion

Multifaceted creativity Kipling. We know him, thanks to the bright and magical children's stories of the Jungle Book. However, his works have another side. Henry James called it "English Balzac". The novel "Kim" is rightfully considered the best work about India in English. Kipling was respected and respected by adults, especially during World War I. Our classic Konstantin Simonov noted the "courageous style" of Kipling, his "soldier strictness", "man's beginning".

Indeed, could a non-human person say that a man should not be "stopped" and "penetrated" by triumphs and failures, that he must always treat them "detached".