Rescue helicopter EMERCOM of Russia: review, description and photo

In Russia, the liquidation of the consequences of local and natural disasters is handled by the federal ministry, which is abbreviated as the Ministry for Emergency Situations. This is the most important emergency rescue service in the country . It operates in conjunction with other rapid response agencies. It includes municipal fire and rescue services. The Ministry of Emergency Situations exercises unified management of the emergency departments of cities, regions and the country as a whole. In total, the Ministry conducts more than 25% of federal inspections.

Activities of the Ministry of Emergency Situations

The Federal Service provides control over all rescue agencies of the country. Initially, municipal departments are sent to the challenge. If the local forces did not manage to localize the danger, regional services enter the case. Republican departments are connected only with acute necessity.

Rescuers of the Ministry of Emergency Situations arrive on the scene only fourth. The first to respond to an emergency situation should be the local authorities, such as the police, ambulance and firefighters. And only after these services have established the need to attract additional forces to eliminate the danger, staff of the Ministry of Emergency Situations arrive. The reaction time is about 4 hours.

In case of a large-scale catastrophe, federal aviation is connected to its liquidation. However, before calling a helicopter MES, it is necessary to assess the level of danger. Perhaps, the accident will be able to eliminate the city services. Employees of the Ministry of Emergency Situations are called only in rare cases when the situation gets out of control.

The ministry employs people who have undergone military training in the army, and firefighters. When passing exams, rescuers are tested not only physical readiness and mental abilities, but also psychological stability. In total, the bodies of the Ministry of Emergency Situations employ more than 7,200 people, in the fire service - about 150 thousand employees.

Rescue Aviation

The air forces of the Ministry of Emergency Situations are the pride of the whole country. The aviation of the federal service was established in May 1995. The initiator was the Government of the Russian Federation. For the time of its existence, aviation has justified itself repeatedly. She took part in thousands of rescue missions on the territory of Russia and beyond.

The main base of the Ministry of Emergency Situations is the airport "Ramenskoye". However, aviation forces are evenly distributed across all regions of the country. To date, the ministry has more than 50 aircraft. The aircraft fleet is represented by such devices as Il-62M, An-74, Yak-42D, Be-200BC and many other multifunctional models. Also on the balance are rescue helicopters EMERCOM of Russia BK-117, Mi-8 and Bo-105. For medical needs, the Ka-32 was modernized. Of the multi-purpose heavyweights, it is worth highlighting the Mi-26T.

The father of Russian rescue aircraft is the military pilot and engineer Rafail Zakirov. It was he who was at the source of the development of firefighting technologies for such helicopters as Mi-26 and Ka-32. For efficiency, drainage devices of the APU-15 series were used. Also, Zakirov developed a concept for combating oil spills. For this, a VOP-3 device was designed. Later, the engineer managed to achieve amazing results in extinguishing man-made fires. Efficiency was achieved thanks to the invention of Zakirov - spillway apparatus VAP-2.

Mi-8 helicopter

This multi-purpose aircraft was developed in the early 1960s. According to international codification, these EMERCOM helicopters are known as Hip or B-8. Today they are the most common 2-propulsion rescue vehicles in the world.

Often these helicopters are used for military purposes. They were first used in combat in 1967 in the shock operation of Egyptian aviation against Israel. Then the Mi-8 were involved in wars in Somalia, Ethiopia, Afghanistan, Abkhazia, Iraq, Chechnya, Yugoslavia, Ossetia, Syria, Ukraine. On the balance sheet of the Russian Federation there are more than 500 units, including modifications.

Helicopters of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Mi-8 model can accommodate 3 crew members and about 20 passengers. The maximum load (taking into account the nominal value) is more than 12 tons. The total power of the engines is about 4200 liters. from. The average speed is up to 250 km / h.

Upgraded Mi-26

One of the most popular variations of the helicopter Halo (the American codification) is the Mi-26T. This passenger transport heavy model, which occupies a special place in the VS of the Ministry of Emergency Situations. The Mi-26 helicopter was modernized many times, but it was the version with the letter "T" that became the defining and most effective in practice. To date, the release of the model continues.

Mi-26T helicopter helicopters are equipped with special navigational and radio-electronic devices that allow performing any rescue tasks even in difficult climatic conditions. The set of devices includes the "Veer-M" locator system and the modified command-and-control device PKP-77.

The helicopter can lift up to 28 tons of cargo. The main compartment can accommodate up to 80 people. The crew of the aircraft consists of 3 pilots. The power of each engine is about 11 thousand liters. from. The maximum speed limit is 295 km / h.

Rescue model Ka-32

This medical helicopter MES was put into operation in the mid-1980s. The Ka-32 is a lightweight transport aircraft with a non-retractable landing gear. Applicable only for search and rescue purposes.

The development of the helicopter began in 1969. The main mission of the Ka-32 was reconnaissance in the extreme conditions of the Arctic. In the mid-1970s the model was expanded to a multifunctional one. Today these helicopters of the Ministry of Emergency Situations are also used to disassemble the rubble after an accident or earthquake.

The Ka-32 is able to climb into the air at an optimum altitude of 3,500 meters with a cargo of up to 3.5 tons. The nominal weight of the vessel is 7500 kg. High-speed barrier - up to 260 km / h. The maximum range with a full tank is about 800 km.

Multipurpose vessel Bo-105

This rescue helicopter MES is percussion. It is produced simultaneously for civil and military needs. The project was developed in 1967 by German engineers. Bo-105 are widely distributed throughout the world. Used primarily for rescue missions in difficult terrain.

The crew includes only one pilot. Passenger capacity is 4 people. Two stretchers can be placed in the cab (there are special fasteners).

The permissible speed limit is 270 km / h. The altitude of the flight is up to 5000 m.

The helicopter is equipped with guided medium-range missiles and several large-caliber cannons.

Features of the BK-117 model

These helicopters of the Ministry of Emergency Situations are multi-purpose rescue vessels. Designed for evacuation of the wounded and cargo. In rare cases, they are used in antiterrorist operations.

The helicopter is suitable both for reconnaissance and for fire support of the ground forces. It is possible to mount anti-tank bombs.

The development of BK-117 in the 1970s was jointly started by leading Japanese and German companies. Production and exports were established only by the beginning of the 1980s.

A helicopter is operated by one pilot. The cargo compartment accommodates 9 people. The carrying capacity varies between 1700 kg. The power of both engines is 1500 liters. from.

The maximum speed reaches 250 km / h.