Radius. Description. Some types of fractures

The human forearm consists of tubular long bones. There are only two of them. In the forearm is the ulnar and radius bone. They are bent so that, being near, they are connected only by their ends. At the same time, there is space between them. The ulna and radius include the body (diaphysis) and the ends (epiphyses). On the epiphyses are articular surfaces.

By means of some articular surfaces, a connection is made with the humerus. Others are designed for articulation with segments of the wrist.

The elbow and radius bone on their length have a triangular shape. There are three edges and three surfaces. One surface is directed forward, the other is facing back. The third - the ulnar bone - inside, and the ray - outside.

Of all three edges sharp one. It divides the posterior and anterior surfaces, facing the adjacent bone, limiting the space between the bones. In this connection, it has one more name - the interosseous region.

It should be noted that the components of the skeleton of the forearm, in addition to common features, have distinctive features.

Thus, the radius is located on the outside of the forearm. The lower epiphysis of this segment is more massive. At the top end is the head of the bone. There is a small depression in it. The head edge has an articular circumference.

Just below the head is the neck. The radial bone is also endowed with a special tuberosity, the place of attachment of the biceps brachial muscle.

The radius of the radialis differs somewhat by its widened lower end. On the inside there is a tenderloin. It comes in the ulna.

On the opposite side there is a styloid process, going downwards. The lower surface has a concave carpal articular surface. With the help of the ledge, it is divided into two sections for the semilunar and scaphoid bone.

In traumatic practice, there are various injuries to the bones of the forearm. Among them, experts identify more or less common. So, as a result of a direct (blow to the forearm) or indirect (falling on the arm) injuries, a diaphyseal fracture can occur in both bones of the forearm. In this case, small fragments of segments are formed, the position of which can vary. In connection with the contraction of the membrane located between the bones, the fragments tend to approach each other.

Fracture of the radius with displacement is characterized by some shortening of the forearm. The patient supports the injured limb with a healthy arm. Mobility of the fragments provokes a sharp pain at the moment of palpation of the site, lateral compression of the forearm site removed from the injury site and under the axial load.

When falling on an elongated arm, as a rule, a fracture of the head of the radius occurs. In this case, pain appears in the elbow joint area, a swelling arises, and the patient is difficult to move the limb. Due to the fact that this type of damage includes several types, an X-ray examination is necessary to establish an accurate diagnosis.