Prevention of nosocomial infections, methods and recommendations.

For quite a long time the concept of "nosocomial infection" applied only to infections, as well as diseases in a hospital. To date, this term is considered to be collective, including various nosological forms.

Prevention of nosocomial infections is very important and includes a set of measures. To increase the effectiveness of activities related to disinfection and sterilization of medical facilities, certain funds are being used. The most promising group of compounds used for decontamination of various medical products and objects of therapeutic and prophylactic character is considered to be quaternary ammonium compounds (HRC). High degree of bactericidal activity, as well as increased detergent properties, allow to combine both disinfection and cleaning of premises.

Prevention of nosocomial infections implies the possibility of disinfection of air in the hospital. For this purpose, the use of modern screened, zero-gap UV irradiators with the recirculating principle of action is recommended. This unit pumps through the air in a compulsory manner, while sterilizing it due to placed in it UV lamps. During the operation of the recirculation system, the presence of people is permissible.

To ensure that various agents of nosocomial infections can not spread, it is necessary to clean the wards in a quality manner. This is one order of magnitude less likely to infect new patients who have entered those wards in which previously infected patients were.

To date, steam and air sterilizers of the new generation are being developed. They differ in automatic control mode, the possibility of process locking, as well as the presence of a color and digital indication. Glaspergen sterilizers for various small instruments have been successfully introduced into practice. In such devices, heated glass beads are used as the medium that sterilizes the instrument. There are also other types of facilities and techniques designed to ensure the sterility of the medical devices used.

Prevention of nosocomial infections also implies hygiene measures. One of the main conditions for preventing the spread of various infections is the usual washing of hands with soap. This method is the main means for prevention. This contributes, in large part, to the removal from the surface of the skin of virtually all transient gram-negative bacteria. Similar data were obtained using alcohol-containing antiseptics. But, unfortunately, more than 60% of both doctors and nurses do not follow the elementary rules on the treatment of hands after each contact with the patient.

Prevention of nosocomial infections at a sufficiently high level is possible only with the mandatory implementation of all strict standards of sanitary nature. In order to realize these principles, it is necessary to organize a clear system of handling various medical waste. This is necessary to minimize the possibility of epidemiological danger for staff and patients. It is necessary to differentiate between the functional traffic flows in order to protect the staff and patients from direct contact with dirty laundry, waste, and so on.

In the case of a conscious attitude and careful implementation by the medical personnel of all the stated requirements for providing an anti-epidemic regime, the risk of sickness of patients and employees is significantly reduced.