Porcelain crown: indications and contraindications. Stages and methods of making porcelain crowns

Technologies of modern dentistry have long allowed to provide the population with services of decent quality. The aesthetics of a smile are highly appreciated. That's why people are trying, using prosthetics, to solve several problems at once. It is about restoring the lost functions of the chewing apparatus and improving the appearance of the dentition. Porcelain crown is considered not just a simple prosthesis, but a work of art. About it and we will talk in our article.

What it is?

Porcelain crown - a design made by special technology. These prostheses are considered an innovation in domestic dentistry. They are made of special porcelain. The material does not contain even the smallest admixtures of metals. The product reproduces the lost tooth as accurately as possible. The structure has good light transmission. Most often, crowns look more attractive than "native" teeth.

Life time

The design has an average service life that varies between 10-15 years. The use of the newest technologies in the manufacture of crowns makes it possible to make them not only beautiful, but also durable. However, the longevity of the product can be affected by the patient's habits, for example, if a person is very fond of hard food or strongly clenching his teeth. This can lead to the appearance of premature defects on the structure in the form of cracks. Therefore, the user must follow all the recommendations of the doctor if he has a crown (porcelain) on the tooth. It is also desirable to avoid using too hard food (crackers, nuts) or to limit its use. In this case, the designs will serve their master much longer than the specified time.

Porcelain crowns: indications and contraindications

Any orthodontic design has its own characteristics. In accordance with this, the specialist individually expresses his opinion to the patient. On consultation it is a question of indications and contra-indications to installation of a prosthesis from ceramics. About this and we will talk in this subsection.

Here is a list of factors that give the doctor a reason to recommend the patient to the design in question:

1. Coating of the front teeth. The material allows you to accurately reproduce the natural color of the enamel. Even at close range it will be impossible to distinguish where the porcelain crown is installed.

2. If the patient has allergies to any metals.

3. Coating the front of one or more adjacent teeth.

4. Previously, the porcelain crown was not placed on the side portions of the jaw arc, but today a special frame made of zirconia is used. This allows you to set it without restrictions on the location.

Now let's talk about factors that will not allow the patient to install these designs:

1. Large bite defects.

2. Insufficient hardness of the bone tissue of the tooth.

3. Chronic form of periodontitis.

Methods

Porcelain and cermet crowns are similar in manufacturing technology. Specialists distinguish several methods of constructing. The first is when the crown is made layer by layer. The second option is pressed ceramics. The difference of the method is seen in the title. Porcelain mass is pressed and fired. It is important to distinguish which method will be used to make the crown. For example, the pressed structure is considered to be more durable.

There are also several ways to install the structure. If the patient's cervical part of the tooth is not broken, this makes it possible to set the crown without pushing it under the edge of the gum. But in the case when this site is destroyed, the specialist makes a design that covers the entire tooth. Its edges are driven under the gums.

Porcelain crowns: manufacturing steps

The process of creating a structure is considered a complex work. It should be noted right away that this can not be done qualitatively by an artisanal method. Therefore, you only need to contact specialists. They know all the nuances of creating this dental masterpiece. You will be sure that all the conditions of manufacturing technology are met.

The creation of porcelain designs consists of several stages:

1. Dissection of the tooth.

2. Removing the impression.

3. Getting the model.

4. Formation of a cap made of platinum foil.

5. Crown simulation.

6. Preliminary and final firing of porcelain.

7. Installing the crown on the tooth cult.

Next, we'll look at each step of making crowns.

Dissection

To ensure the strength of the structure, its walls must be at least 1-1.5 mm. In this regard, the tooth is grinded more than, for example, when installing a prosthesis made of metal. After treatment, the stump assumes a cylindrical or conical shape. The way in which the tooth will be decided will depend on the localization of the lesion site.

Preparatory stage

In order for the porcelain crown to fit harmoniously into the dentition, the specialist makes a composite impression.

On the prepared stump, a copper ring is filled, filled with a special mass. Without removing it from the oral cavity, make an impression of the whole dentition. Then cast a plaster model. From it, the impression of the stump can be removed and reinstalled. This will help in the future to make a quality crown made of porcelain.

Crown making

The specialist prepares a platinum cap. To do this, he tightens the impression of the stump with a special foil. It is necessary to arrange it so that there is not a single fold, and it tightly covers the stump. Crop excess edges. Platinum cap is placed in the impression. Now the task of a specialist is to find the right color for the porcelain mass. This is a very important point, responsible for the similarity of the design with the "native" tooth. The specialist applies weight to the cap, forming a crown.

Simulating the workpiece, the cap is removed. Then another layer of special composition is applied. This will compensate for the loss of mass during firing.

Installation

When the design is finally ready, went through several procedures of firing and polishing, the fitting is performed. If the result satisfies the specialist and the patient, then it's time to install it. It is important to choose the right color of phosphate cement. Do this, given the shade of neighboring teeth.

Advantages and disadvantages

Before making any decision it is important to study all the positive and negative factors. Methods of manufacturing porcelain crowns allow making the designs incredibly aesthetic. They are also durable and durable.

Hypoallergenicity of the material is a good bonus, for many patients this is an important and significant plus. In addition, crowns do not stain with time, as, for example, plastic prostheses.

To the negative sides of porcelain crowns can be attributed the fragility that is characteristic of ceramics. There is also a risk of damaging the enamel layer of adjacent teeth. Another disadvantage is the insufficient fit of the structure to the gum. It is necessary to take into account that all the above-mentioned shortcomings can be called conditional. A good specialist can do the job without flaw.

Care instructions

The qualitative manufacturing of a porcelain crown and its correct installation provide the patient with a perfect smile. However, after this, the task is to save the result of the specialist's work on his shoulders. Despite the fact that the life of the structure is an average of 15 years, it is considered a somewhat fragile product. Therefore, treat the porcelain crowns carefully. Even a small crack can significantly shorten the life of the structure.

We have already talked about the need to carefully eat solid foods. Also, experts recommend paying due attention to oral hygiene. Of course, the prosthesis is not prone to carious lesions. But the plaque is able to penetrate the edge of the gums, and the germs will strike the supporting stump. To avoid this, you need to thoroughly brush your teeth after eating, use special anti-inflammatory drugs for the oral cavity.

Both plastic and porcelain crowns, and any other designs require the same careful care as "native" teeth. Treat products with care, and, possibly, their service life will grow significantly. Specialists highly recommend visiting the dentist twice a year for the purpose of preventive examination.

Price of issue

Everyone has become accustomed to the fact that a quality service can not be cheap. The same is true with porcelain crowns. The cost of one unit starts at 13,000 rubles. Almost all clinics additionally have to pay, for example, for consultation and making a temporary plastic crown. The construction based on zirconium dioxide will cost the patient 16,000 rubles. And this is the minimum amount. Despite the fact that these products are not available to all segments of the population, they are very popular. Many patients prefer to pay once and get excellent results for many years.

Feedback from specialists and patients

If you pay attention to the feedback of specialists about the constructions in question, you can see that they are only positive. In this case, doctors note that a good result is achieved provided that the technology of tooth preparation and production of crowns. Therefore, the patient should approach the selection of the clinic responsibly. The visitor of the dental office has the right to familiarize himself with the licenses and diplomas that the specialist owns.

Patients' opinions also agree that if the budget does not limit a person and he seeks to create an aesthetic smile, one should give preference to porcelain. Moreover, lateral teeth can now also be restored with non-metal ceramics. Negative reviews mainly refer to the cost of crowns.