PLT in the blood test. Blood test - transcript of PLT

One of the most important diagnostic procedures is a general blood test. It allows you to identify a variety of various disorders in the body, including pathology, inflammatory processes and hematopoiesis problems, as well as assess the health of the person as a whole. During the analysis, the level of blood hemoglobin, erythrocytes, white blood cells and platelets is determined. On the basis of the results obtained, by comparing them with the norms of these indicators, conclusions are drawn about the presence of certain violations in the work of the organs. Of particular importance is the determination of the level of PLT in the blood test. What this is and what role it plays in the health of the body, we will find out in this article.

PLT: decoding and meaning

The number of platelets is one of the main indicators that are taken into consideration when a blood test is performed. Decoding PLT is Platelets, or those very platelets. They are plates without a nucleus, are part of the blood (its cells) and are produced in the bone marrow. What are they for?

Platelets play a major role in the blood coagulation system , the violation of which is fraught with dangerous bleeding. Also these elements regenerate damaged tissues and nourish the vessels. Therefore, maintaining a normal level of platelets in the blood is vital for human health and life. In this case, both their increase and decrease can be dangerous.

PLT Level Definition

In order to determine the number of platelets, the PLT score in the blood test is estimated. No special training is required for the study. Blood is taken from the vein, and the analysis is done on an empty stomach. The main requirements here are accuracy and sterility.

What should be the level of PLT in the blood test? The norm is from 180 to 320 thousand / ml. Anything that is outside this range is considered a deviation. Lowering the number of platelets to 140 thousand / ml and below is called thrombocytopenia, and an increase to 400 thousand / ml and more - thrombocytosis. What is fraught with such changes? Let's talk about this later.

Decreased PLT level

What will the blood test tell us? The interpretation of PLT is as follows: if the platelet count is below 140 thousand / ml, this indicates a violation of blood clotting, a decrease in the level of thyroid hormones or white blood cells. In addition, a low level of PLT can talk about the presence of a person with infectious diseases, anemia, uremia,

Critical is the value of about 30 thousand / ml. In this case, there is a high probability of dangerous bleeding. Similar situations are observed in a number of diseases, for example, radiation sickness, aplastic anemia or Addison-Burmer anemia, Verlhof disease. Important! This phenomenon is often observed in women. During the menstrual cycle, a decrease in the number of platelets to 30-50 thousand / ml is completely permissible and does not carry any danger.

Raising the level of PLT

If it turned out that the PLT in the blood test is raised to 400 thousand / ml or more, then there may be several reasons. The first - an increase in the number of platelets in the bone marrow, the second - a decrease in the intensity of their decay. Often, thrombocytosis is observed in patients with malignant tumors or chronic inflammatory processes, as well as in the case of erythremia and myeloleukemia. Removal of the spleen and large blood loss can also lead to a significant increase in the number of platelets.

Other diseases that are often accompanied by an increase in the level of PLT in the blood test are iron deficiency anemia, burn disease or hemorrhagic vasculitis.

PLT: blood test in children

In children, the platelet level depends, first of all, on age. It influences the received indices and the technique of blood sampling. So, for newborns the values in the range from 100 to 420 thousand / ml are considered normal. Children under the age of from 150 to 350 thousand / ml, older - from 180 to 320 thousand / ml.

What can be associated with an increase or decrease in the number of platelets in childhood? Typically, doctors pay attention if the level of PLT falls below 150 thousand / ml, indicating thrombocytopenia. It can be caused by allergic reactions to medications (if they are prescribed to the baby), intoxication, infectious or any skin diseases. Also the level of platelets falls under the influence of a variety of viruses and parasites, with rubella and malaria. If a child is transfused with blood that contains a reduced number of platelets, this also causes a low PLT.

It is important to observe a number of mandatory rules that will help prevent possible bleeding in the baby. So, you should always protect him from injuries (remove the cutting and stitching objects), pick up a soft toothbrush (stiff bristles can lead to injuries). In order to avoid intestinal injuries, laxatives may be needed.

Excessively high level of PLT is considered to be more than 420 thousand / ml. This indicates thrombocytosis. There are primary and secondary types. The causes of the first are, as a rule, violations in the development of bone marrow stem cells. In the second case it is a question of any pathological process (the structure, the form of thrombocytes are violated). What is the reason for this? There are many reasons for this, they are determined by a more thorough medical examination of the child. The most common are:

• Absence of spleen;
• Infection of the lungs;
• colitis;
• anemia;
• blood loss;
• operation;
• Taking medicines.

In some cases, the hospitalization of the child may be required.

Conclusion

As it turned out, platelets play a huge role in the normal functioning of our body. Determining the level of PLT in a blood test is important for detecting a wide variety of diseases and allows you to control the amount of these cells. This indicator is especially important for children. His rate depends on the age of the baby, and the deviations may indicate the presence of allergic reactions, infections and a number of other, extremely serious diseases. Know and control the level of PLT is necessary to maintain your health and the health of your children.